Sodium Homeostasis in Acute Glomerulonephritis and the Nephrotic Syndrome1

Staphylococcus-associated glomerulonephritis (SAGN) occurs as a complication of staphylococcal infection elsewhere in the body. Dermatomyositis (DM) can be associated with glomerulonephritis due to the disease per se. We report a case of a 40-year-old male patient with DM who presented with acute kidney injury, and was initially pulsed with methylprednisolone for 3 days, followed by dexamethasone equivalent to 1 mg/kg/day prednisolone. He was subsequently found to have SAGN on kidney biopsy along with staphylococcus bacteraemia and left knee septic arthritis. With proof of definitive infection, intravenous immunoglobulin 2 g/kg over 2 days was given and steroids were reduced. He was treated with intravenous vancomycin. With treatment, the general condition of the patient improved. On day 38, he developed infective endocarditis and died of congestive heart failure subsequently. Undiagnosed staphylococcal sepsis complicating a rheumatological disease course can lead to complications like SAGN, infective endocarditis and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality, as is exemplified by our case.

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Endogenous Mammalian Cardiotonic Steroids—A New Cardiovascular Risk Factor?—A Mini-Review

Life ◽

10.3390/life11080727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 727

Author(s):

Natalia Słabiak-Błaż ◽

Grzegorz Piecha

Keyword(s):

Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Sodium Homeostasis ◽

Cardiovascular Tissue ◽

Ancient Times ◽

And Function ◽

Regulation Of Blood Pressure

The role of endogenous mammalian cardiotonic steroids (CTS) in the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system and the kidneys has interested researchers for more than 20 years. Cardiotonic steroids extracted from toads or plants, such as digitalis, have been used to treat heart disease since ancient times. CTS, also called endogenous digitalis-like factors, take part in the regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis through their effects on the transport enzyme called sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na/K-ATPase) in renal and cardiovascular tissue. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence showing deleterious effects of CTS on the structure and function of the heart, vasculature and kidneys. Understanding the role of CTS may be useful in the development of potential new therapeutic strategies.

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Pancytopenia and acute glomerulonephritis in an adolescent: Questions

Pediatric Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s00467-021-05120-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emre Leventoğlu ◽

Bahar Büyükkaragöz ◽

Zühre Kaya ◽

Kibriya Fidan ◽

Oğuz Söylemezoğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Glomerulonephritis

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Moraxella lacunata infection accompanied by acute glomerulonephritis

Open Medicine ◽

10.1515/med-2020-0234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 962-967

Author(s):

Nami Sawada ◽

Tamaki Morohashi ◽

Tomokazu Mutoh ◽

Tsukasa Kuwana ◽

Junko Yamaguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Case Reports ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Renal Tissue ◽

Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽

Pathological Findings ◽

Complement Activity ◽

Moraxella Lacunata

AbstractMoraxella lacunata (M. lacunata) is a Gram-negative bacterium, which rarely causes serious infection. This is a rare case report of acute glomerulonephritis diagnosed by pathological findings in a child accompanied by M. lacunata infection. The patient showed hematuria, proteinuria and hyperkalemia requiring emergency hemodialysis. After hospitalization, M. lacunata bacteremia became apparent. Pathological findings showed an increase in glomerulus inflammatory cells and glomerular C3 deposition was observed in the renal tissue biopsy. Final diagnosis was endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis. Clinical reports of M. lacunata infection requiring emergency hemodialysis in children are rare. Previous reports have suggested that lowered immune competency with chronic kidney disease may be a risk factor associated with serious invasive cases of M. lacunata infection. However, detailed clinical laboratory data and pathological findings have not been identified in previous case reports. Our case directly indicated complement activity and acute glomerulonephritis with M. lacunata infection. Although there are various causes for acute glomerulonephritis, infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is an important concept. M. lacunata infection might have a potential risk for IRGN with dysregulation of complement activity leading to serious and invasive clinical conditions than previously considered.

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