The Physiology of Childhood Growth: Hormonal Regulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelie Benyi ◽  
Lars Sävendahl
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Key Players ◽  
End Of Puberty

The growth patterns of a child changes from uterine life until the end of puberty. Height velocity is highest in utero and declines after birth until puberty when it rises again. Important hormonal regulators of childhood growth are growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, sex steroids, and thyroid hormone. This review gives an overview of these hormonal regulators of growth and their interplay with nutrition and other key players such as inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Insulin-like growth factor-1 level is a poor diagnostic indicator of growth hormone deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Iwayama ◽  
Sachiko Kitagawa ◽  
Jyun Sada ◽  
Ryosuke Miyamoto ◽  
Tomohito Hayakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Predictive Values

AbstractWe evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) for screening growth hormone deficiency (GHD) to determine the usefulness of IGF-1 as a screening test. Among 298 consecutive children who had short stature or decreased height velocity, we measured IGF-1 levels and performed growth hormone (GH) secretion test using clonidine, arginine, and, in cases with different results of the two tests, L-dopa. Patients with congenital abnormalities were excluded. GHD was defined as peak GH ≤ 6.0 ng/mL in the two tests. We identified 60 and 238 patients with and without GHD, respectively. The mean IGF-1 standard deviation (SD) was not significantly different between the GHD and non-GHD groups (p = 0.23). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the best diagnostic accuracy at an IGF-1 cutoff of − 1.493 SD, with 0.685 sensitivity, 0.417 specificity, 0.25 positive and 0.823 negative predictive values, and 0.517 area under the curve. Correlation analysis revealed that none of the items of patients’ characteristics increased the diagnostic power of IGF-1. IGF-1 level had poor diagnostic accuracy as a screening test for GHD. Therefore, IGF-1 should not be used alone for GHD screening. A predictive biomarker for GHD should be developed in the future.

Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity in Mice with Genetic Deficiencies of Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Insulin-like Growth Factor-I, and Thyroid Hormone

2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie P. Foster ◽  
Eric R. Jensen ◽  
Encarnacion Montecino-Rodriguez ◽  
Hyosuk Leathers ◽  
Nelson Horseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Hormonal regulation of serum lipoprotein(a): contrasting effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I

1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
L. Berglund ◽  
H. Olivecrona ◽  
A.G. Johansson ◽  
E. Lindh ◽  
S. Ljunghall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I
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