Raspberries Improve Postprandial Glucose and Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jace Schell ◽  
Nancy M. Betts ◽  
Timothy J. Lyons ◽  
Arpita Basu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Control Phase ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Postprandial Phase ◽  
Washout Phase ◽  
Metabolic Impairments

Background: Postprandial metabolic impairments in diabetes have been shown to play an important role in vascular complications. Dietary polyphenols and other bioactive compounds in berries have been shown to improve postprandial hyperglycemia and related metabolic impairments, but few clinical studies have been reported in diabetes. Objective: To examine the effects of daily dietary raspberries on postprandial and 4-week fasting glucose, lipids and biomarkers of inflammation in obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Design: This was a randomized crossover study with 2 different phases: a “postprandial phase” of acute raspberry supplementation (2 separate days at least 1 week apart), followed by a 1-week washout phase and then a 10-week “diet supplement phase”, with and without raspberry supplementation periods of 4 weeks each, separated by 2-week washout phase. Results: The postprandial phase revealed significantly lower levels of serum glucose at 2 and 4 h postprandial after raspberry versus control phase. In addition, among the serum biomarkers of inflammation, interleukin (IL)-6 and high-sensitivity tumor necrosis factor alpha (hsTNF-α) were also lower at 4 h postprandial following raspberry versus control meal (all p < 0.05). Finally, postprandial serum triglycerides showed a decreasing trend at 4 h in the raspberry versus control phase. Four-week daily raspberry supplementation continued to show a significant lowering effects on IL-6 and hsTNF-α versus control phase (all p < 0.05); systolic blood pressure revealed a decreasing trend after 4-week of raspberry supplementation. No effects were noted on fasting glucose and lipids, C-reactive protein and arterial elasticity. Conclusions: Thus, dietary raspberries, which are low in calories and high in polyphenols and other nutrients may lower postprandial hyperglycemia and inflammation, and in general exert selected anti-inflammatory effects in adults with diabetes. These findings deserve further investigation.

Cranberries improve postprandial glucose excursions in type 2 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3083-3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jace Schell ◽  
Nancy M. Betts ◽  
Megan Foster ◽  
R. Hal Scofield ◽  
Arpita Basu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia

An overview of the role of dried cranberries in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia and inflammation in type 2 diabetes and the subsequent risks of vascular complications.

scholarly journals Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Count in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Fasting Glucose

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
Sushama Bhatta ◽  
Samir Singh ◽  
Santosh Gautam ◽  
Bidur Prasad Osti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Platelet Volume

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and associated with long term macrovascular and microvascular complications. Platelet parameters such as mean platelet volume and platelet count are indicators of thrombotic potential. These parameters have been reported to be increased in diabetic patients, leading to increased risk of vascular complications. The objective of this study was to determine mean platelet volume and platelet count in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose and non -diabetic controls, and compare mean platelet volume and platelet count between the three groups. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional observational study was conducted at KIST Medical College Teaching Hospital from February to May 2018. A total of 300 participants were included in the study which were grouped into Group 1,2 and 3 based on fasting blood glucose level as non -diabetic controls, impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus respectively with 100 subjects each. Platelet count and mean platelet volume were compared between the three groups. Analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical evaluation. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean platelet volume was significantly higher in diabetic and impaired fasting glucose group (7.40 ± 0.77 fl and 6.62 ± 0.58 fl), respectively as compared to non diabetic group (6.06 ± 0.41 fl) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the platelet count between the three groups (p=0.869). Significant correlation was seen between rising fasting blood sugar and mean platelet volume (r =0.559; p<0.001), while no correlation existed between platelet count and fasting blood sugar level (r =0.037; p =0.526).Conclusions: Mean platelet volume is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose. This is a simple and cost effective test to predict vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; impaired fasting glucose; mean platelet volume; platelet count.

Long-Term Glycemic Variability and Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: Post Hoc Analysis of the FIELD Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. e3638-e3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma S Scott ◽  
Andrzej S Januszewski ◽  
Rachel O’Connell ◽  
Gregory Fulcher ◽  
Russell Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Aims To investigate whether long-term glycemic variability (GV) is associated with vascular complication development in type 2 diabetes. Methods In a post hoc FIELD trial analysis, GV was calculated as the standard deviation and coefficient of variation (CV) of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose. Baseline variables were compared across quartiles of on-study variability by chi square and ANOVA. Prospective associations between baseline to 2-year GV and subsequent vascular and mortality outcomes were analyzed using landmark logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Baseline factors associated with higher on-study GV included younger age, male gender, longer diabetes duration, and higher pharmacological therapies usage. Both HbA1c and fasting glucose CV were associated with increased risk of microvascular complications (HR 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01-1.03] P &lt; 0.01; and HR 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00-1.01] P &lt; 0.001, respectively). HbA1c and fasting glucose CV were associated with increased cardiovascular disease (HR 1.02 [95% CI, 1.00-1.04]; and HR 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00-1.02], both P &lt; 0.05). HbA1c CV associated with increased stroke (HR 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.06) P &lt; 0.01). Glucose CV associated with increased coronary events (HR 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00-1.02] P &lt; 0.05). Both HbA1c and glucose CV associated with increased total mortality (HR 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02-1.06]; and HR 1.01 [95% CI, 1.01-1.02], both P &lt; 0.001) and noncardiovascular mortality (HR 1.05 [95% CI, (1.03-1.07]; and HR 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01-1.03], both P &lt; 0.001). HbA1c CV associated with coronary mortality (HR 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01-1.07] P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Long-term GV was associated with increased risk of vascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes.

Circulating Netrin-1 as a Novel Biomarker for Impaired Fasting Glucose and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1535-P ◽  
Author(s):  
HYE-IN JUNG ◽  
JAEHYUN BAE ◽  
EUGENE HAN ◽  
GYURI KIM ◽  
JI-YEON LEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

1476-P: Progression to Type 2 Diabetes from Normal or Impaired Fasting Glucose

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1476-P
Author(s):  
AOIFE M. EGAN ◽  
CHRISTINA WOOD-WENTZ ◽  
KENT R. BAILEY ◽  
ADRIAN VELLA
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose

Fasting Glucose-to-HbA1c Ratio Is a Good Indicator of G6PD Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Sian Chang ◽  
Li-Yun Hsiao ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Mu-Chin Shih ◽  
Ming-Chia Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Fasting Glucose

Recent Developments in Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type-2 Diabetes: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2510-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Usman ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Meenu Mehta ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The incidence of diabetes has increased globally in recent years and figures of diabetic patients were estimated to rise up to 642 million by 2040. The disorder is accompanied with various complications if not managed at the early stages, and interlinked high mortality rate and morbidity with time. Different classes of drugs are available for the management of type 2 diabetes but were having certain limitations of their safety. Alphaglucosidase is a family of enzyme originated from the pancreas which plays a role in the anabolism of 80-90% of carbohydrate consumed into glucose. This glucose is absorbed into the blood and results in frank postprandial hyperglycemia and worsens the conditions of diabetic patients which precipitate complications. Inhibition of these enzymes helps to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and the formation of glycated end products. Alphaglucosidase inhibitors are reported to be more important in adequate control of type 2, but marketed drugs have various side effects, such as poor patient compliance and also expensive. This proves the needs for other class of drugs with better efficacy, safety, patient compliance and economic. In this review, we have emphasized the recent advances in the field of new alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety and pharmacological profile.

scholarly journals Interaction between dietary branched-chain amino acids and genetic risk score on the risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqi Wang ◽  
Haiyang Jiang ◽  
Ziwei Zhang ◽  
Wei Duan ◽  
Tianshu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Background and objectives Previous studies have found the important gene-diet interactions on type 2 diabetes (T2D) incident but have not followed branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), even though they have shown heterogeneous effectiveness in diabetes-related factors. So in this study, we aim to investigate whether dietary BCAAs interact with the genetic predisposition in relation to T2D risk and fasting glucose in Chinese adults. Methods In a case-control study nested in the Harbin Cohort Study on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, we obtained data for 434 incident T2D cases and 434 controls matched by age and sex. An unweighted genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated for 25 T2D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms by summation of the number of risk alleles for T2D. Multivariate logistic regression models and general linear regression models were used to assess the interaction between dietary BCAAs and GRS on T2D risk and fasting glucose. Results Significant interactions were found between GRS and dietary BCAAs on T2D risk and fasting glucose (p for interaction = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Comparing with low GRS, the odds ratio of T2D in high GRS were 2.98 (95% CI 1.54–5.76) among those with the highest tertile of total BCAA intake but were non-significant among those with the lowest intake, corresponding to 0.39 (0.12) mmol/L versus − 0.07 (0.10) mmol/L fasting glucose elevation per tertile. Viewed differently, comparing extreme tertiles of dietary BCAAs, the odds ratio (95% CIs) of T2D risk were 0.46 (0.22–0.95), 2.22 (1.15–4.31), and 2.90 (1.54–5.47) (fasting glucose elevation per tertile: − 0.23 (0.10), 0.18 (0.10), and 0.26 (0.13) mmol/L) among participants with low, intermediate, and high genetic risk, respectively. Conclusions This study indicated that dietary BCAAs could amplify the genetic association with T2D risk and fasting glucose. Moreover, higher BCAA intake showed positive association with T2D when genetic predisposition was also high but changed to negative when genetic predisposition was low.

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