Recent Developments in Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type-2 Diabetes: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2510-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Usman ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Meenu Mehta ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The incidence of diabetes has increased globally in recent years and figures of diabetic patients were estimated to rise up to 642 million by 2040. The disorder is accompanied with various complications if not managed at the early stages, and interlinked high mortality rate and morbidity with time. Different classes of drugs are available for the management of type 2 diabetes but were having certain limitations of their safety. Alphaglucosidase is a family of enzyme originated from the pancreas which plays a role in the anabolism of 80-90% of carbohydrate consumed into glucose. This glucose is absorbed into the blood and results in frank postprandial hyperglycemia and worsens the conditions of diabetic patients which precipitate complications. Inhibition of these enzymes helps to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and the formation of glycated end products. Alphaglucosidase inhibitors are reported to be more important in adequate control of type 2, but marketed drugs have various side effects, such as poor patient compliance and also expensive. This proves the needs for other class of drugs with better efficacy, safety, patient compliance and economic. In this review, we have emphasized the recent advances in the field of new alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety and pharmacological profile.

scholarly journals Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Van de Laar ◽  
S Wang ◽  
P Lucassen ◽  
E Van de Lisdonk ◽  
H Van den Hoogen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of the impact of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on incident diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth L. Coleman ◽  
Charles A. B. Scott ◽  
Zhihui Lang ◽  
M. Angelyn Bethel ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Abstract Background Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) have been shown to reduce incident type 2 diabetes but their impact on cardiovascular (CV) disease remains controversial. We sought to identify the overall impact of AGIs with respect to incident type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and CV outcomes in those with IGT or type 2 diabetes. Methods We used PubMed and SCOPUS to identify randomized controlled trials reporting the incidence of type 2 diabetes and/or CV outcomes that had compared AGIs with placebo in populations with IGT or type 2 diabetes, with or without established CV disease. Eligible studies were required to have ≥ 500 participants and/or ≥ 100 endpoints of interest. Meta-analyses of available trial data were performed using random effects models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident type 2 diabetes and CV outcomes. Results Of ten trials identified, three met our inclusion criteria for incident type 2 diabetes and four were eligible for CV outcomes. The overall HR (95% CI) comparing AGI with placebo for incident type 2 diabetes was 0.77 (0.67–0.88), p < 0.0001, and for CV outcomes was 0.98 (0.89–1.10), p = 0.85. There was little to no heterogeneity between studies, with I2 values of 0.03% (p = 0.43) and 0% (p = 0.79) for the two outcomes respectively. Conclusions Allocation of people with IGT to an AGI significantly reduced their risk of incident type 2 diabetes by 23%, whereas in those with IGT or type 2 diabetes the impact on CV outcomes was neutral.

scholarly journals Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and hepatotoxicity in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longhao Zhang ◽  
Qiyan Chen ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Joey S. W. Kwong ◽  
Pengli Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

scholarly journals In-Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Muntingia Calabura Linn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
N I.I. Nor Azman ◽  
N Hashim ◽  
R Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Muntingia calabura Linn. also known locally as “ceri kampung” is a plant of the family Elaeocarpaceae. The plant has been reported to possess several medicinal properties including reducing high blood pressure, lowering cholesterol level and controlling Type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is usually related to postprandial hyperglycemia, which is related to the rise of blood sugar level after a meal. This condition can be controlled by α-glucosidase inhibitors which inhibit the enzyme from catalyzing the liberation of glucose from carbohydrates in the digestive tract. Despite many biological studies reported for the plant, its antidiabetic potential has not been widely explored. Thus the aim of this study was to find potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from 16 extracts of M. calabura as a therapeutic approach in decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia. The hexane (Hx), ethyl acetate (Ea), 75% ethanol (Et) and aqueous (Aq) extracts of four parts (fruit, leaf, stem and root) of M. calabura (collected from Bangi, Selangor) were screened for their a-glucosidase inhibitory activities at 50.00, 25.00, 12.50, 6.25, 3.13, 1.56 and 0.78 ppm prepared via two-fold serial dilution against the positive control, acarbose. The aqueous leaf (AqL) and root extracts (AqR) exhibited very strong activities with IC50 values of 0.15 and 0.41 µg/ml  while the other extracts showed strong to moderately strong activities with IC50 values ranging from 1.83-11.66  µg/ml against acarbose (4.3 µg/ml). 

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS OF TAMIL NADU

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Geetha P ◽  
Shanmugasundharam P
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in Type 2 diabetes outpatients visiting to Diabetes Centre, Chennai.Methods: A prospective study was carried out by evaluating 115 prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs over the period of 4 months to assess the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs and also drugs used for other complications of Type 2 DM.Results: Totally, 115 patients were evaluated, 58 were of male and 57 were of female. An average number of drugs per encounter were found to be 4.47. An average number of antidiabetic drugs were found to be 2.56. In this study, the most commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic drug class as single-drug regimen was that of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (16.326%), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (14.62%), biquanides (12.9%), thiazolidine diones (9.8%), sulfonyl urea (7.82%) and meglitinides (2.38%), and in multi drug regimen metformin + alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (11.56%) were commonly prescribed.Conclusion: Most commonly used drug was alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, followed by DPP-4 inhibitors and biguanides. All the patients received combination therapy to achieve the glycemic control.

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