scholarly journals Diet and Lifestyle as Risk Factors for Carotid Artery Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-569
Author(s):  
Anna Johansson ◽  
Stefan Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, and out of all stroke cases, 10–15% originate from a previously asymptomatic stenosis in the internal carotid artery. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The aim of the study was to investigate whether dietary and lifestyle habits were associated with future risk of incident carotid artery disease (CAD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Baseline examinations on middle-aged individuals (<i>n</i> = 30,447) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), a prospective cohort study, took place between 1991 and 1996 in Malmö, Sweden. Individuals with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus were excluded at baseline, resulting in a total study population of 25,952 patients. Information on dietary intake was gathered through a 7-day food diary, a detailed questionnaire, and a 1-h interview. A diet quality index was calculated from adherence to recommended intake of 6 dietary components (saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose). Individuals with a first registered diagnosis of CAD were identified from the Swedish National Patient register. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a median follow-up of 21.8 years, 469 participants (1.8%) developed CAD. The diagnosis of incident CAD was validated and confirmed in 99% of a random sample of 100 individuals. Higher intake of vegetables and fruit was associated with a trend of decreased risk of CAD in a Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio of 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.56–1.03; <i>p</i> = 0.080). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In conclusion, the present study found a trend toward a protective effect of higher intake of vegetables and fruit against incident CAD. More prospective studies investigating the association between diet and CAD and stroke are needed in order to give firm recommendations.

scholarly journals Maternal fish and shellfish intake and pregnancy outcomes: A prospective cohort study in Brittany, France

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Guldner ◽  
Christine Monfort ◽  
Florence Rouget ◽  
Ronan Garlantezec ◽  
Sylvaine Cordier
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

scholarly journals Multifactorial individualised programme for hamstring muscle injury risk reduction in professional football: protocol for a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000758
Author(s):  
Johan Lahti ◽  
Jurdan Mendiguchia ◽  
Juha Ahtiainen ◽  
Luis Anula ◽  
Tuomas Kononen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

IntroductionHamstring muscle injuries (HMI) continue to plague professional football. Several scientific publications have encouraged a multifactorial approach; however, no multifactorial HMI risk reduction studies have been conducted in professional football. Furthermore, individualisation of HMI management programmes has only been researched in a rehabilitation setting. Therefore, this study aims to determine if a specific multifactorial and individualised programme can reduce HMI occurrence in professional football.Methods and analysisWe conducted a prospective cohort study over two seasons within the Finnish Premier League and compare the amount of HMI sustained during a control season to an intervention season. Injury data and sport exposure were collected during the two seasons (2019–2020), and a multifactorial and individualised HMI risk reduction programme will be implemented during intervention season (2020). After a hamstring screening protocol is completed, individual training will be defined for each player within several categories: lumbo-pelvic control, range of motion, posterior chain strength, sprint mechanical output and an additional non-individualised ‘training for all players’ category. Screening and respective updates to training programmes were conducted three times during the season. The outcome will be to compare if there is a significant effect of the intervention on the HMI occurrence using Cox regression analysis.Ethics and disseminationApproval for the injury and sport exposure data collection was obtained by the Saint-Etienne University Hospital Ethics Committee (request number: IORG0007394; record number IRBN322016/CHUSTE). Approval for the intervention season was obtained from the Central Finland healthcare District (request and record number: U6/2019).

scholarly journals Maternal fish and shellfish consumption and wheeze, eczema and food allergy at age two: a prospective cohort study in Brittany, France

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Pelé ◽  
Emma Bajeux ◽  
Hélène Gendron ◽  
Christine Monfort ◽  
Florence Rouget ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

scholarly journals Outcome of Carotid Endarterectomy in a Tertiary Center of Nepal: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Prashiddha B Kadel ◽  
Uttam K Shrestha ◽  
Kajan R Shrestha ◽  
Dinesh Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Postoperative Cardiac Event ◽  
Clinical Records

Introduction Carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery disease is one of the surgeries performed by vascular surgeons for carotid artery disease. The objective of this study is to describe the early and late outcome of the patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy and the association between the complication and comorbidities present previously in the patient. MethodsAll patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre between April 2010 to April 2020 were included. The follow-up data for upto a year from medical and clinical records, telephone interview regarding the immediate and late postoperative complications in patients with and without comorbidities were investigated and compared. ResultsThe total study population was 42 patients. Two patients (4.7%) developed stroke, one immediately in postoperative period and the other during follow up. There were two deaths (4.7%) postoperatively due to cardiac events and three (7.14%) recurrences of carotid stenosis among whom one (2.5%) developed late stroke. Twenty six patients (61.90%) were symptomatic prior to the procedure of which 20 patients (47.61%) had brain infarct. Overall one year survival was 95.2% post procedure and overall complication rate was 7.14%. The consequence in the form of death and stroke occurred more in the patients with comorbidities (3vs1) p=0.42. ConclusionThe immediate and late postoperative complications following carotid endarterectomy were death (4.7%), stroke (4.7%), cranial nerve injury (9.5%). The most frequent cause of death was postoperative cardiac event. Though major complications occurred more frequently in patients having comorbidities, it was statistically insignificant.

Healthy diet and fiber intake are associated with decreased risk of incident symptomatic peripheral artery disease – A prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kulezic ◽  
Sara Bergwall ◽  
Shahab Fatemi ◽  
Emily Sonestedt ◽  
Moncef Zarrouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Reduced Risk

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerosis and associated with an increased risk of leg amputation, cardiovascular disease, and death. A healthy diet has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, but relationships between diet, fiber intake, and incidence of PAD are virtually unknown. The aim was to investigate the long-term impact of diet on the development of PAD among 26,010 middle-aged individuals in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS). Data on dietary intake were collected through a 7-day food diary combined with a food questionnaire and a 1-hour interview. Adherence to a recommended intake of six dietary components – saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, fish and shellfish, fiber, fruit and vegetables, and sucrose – was scored (sum 0–6 points) to assess a diet quality index, adjusting for potential confounders. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate associations between diet variables and PAD incidence expressed in hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI. During a median follow-up of 21.7 years, 1122 participants developed PAD. Diet score was associated with a reduced risk of PAD in multivariable analysis ( p = 0.03). When mutually adjusting for all dietary variables, only adherence to recommended levels of fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of incident PAD (HR 0.84; 95% CI 0.72–0.99). In this prospective, population-based study including 26,010 participants with over 20 years of follow-up, a healthy diet, especially a high intake of fiber, was associated with a reduced risk of PAD. Primary prevention programs directed against PAD should therefore include a fiber recommendation.

scholarly journals A prospective cohort study of rituximab in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Ying Ding ◽  
Li Wan ◽  
Qinghua Yang ◽  
Zhen Qu
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Renal Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of autoimmune nephropathy manifested as refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS). Methods A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted on RNS patients treated with RTX between March 2017 and December 2019. The subjects were divided into the primary nephropathy (PN) group and the secondary nephropathy (SN) group. Based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before RTX treatment, the SN group was then divided into the SN-1 group (eGFR ≥ 30 ml/min) and the SN-2 group (eGFR < 30 ml/min). Biochemical parameters and clinical data were recorded during follow-up. Results Fifty-four patients were followed up for at least 6 months. The overall remission rates were 65%, 66.7%, 27.3% in the PN, SN-1, and SN-2 groups, respectively (P = 0.022). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant difference of the renal survival among the three subgroups (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that eGFR value before treatment was an independent predictor (HR 0.919, 95%CI 0.863–0.979) for renal survival. In terms of adverse events, infection accounted for 56.6%. The incidence of severe infection was 10%, 25% and 50% in PN group, SN-1 group and SN-2 group, respectively. Conclusions RTX may be a promising option in RNS patients with eGFR ≥ 30 ml/min/1.73m2. However, it has little effect on prognosis in patients with secondary RNS with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2, but with a high risk of severe infection.

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