Abstract 006: Blood Pressure Categories and Newly Progression of Carotid Artery Plaques in a Prospective Cohort Study: The Suita Study

Hypertension ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kokubo ◽  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
Aya Higashiyama ◽  
Yoshihiro Miyamoto
2022 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 107012
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Liang ◽  
Jingyu Chen ◽  
Xizhou An ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Fengchao Liang ◽  
...  

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan McGavock ◽  
Valerie Carson ◽  
Randi Lynn Rinaldi ◽  
Brian Torrance ◽  
Katerina Maximova ◽  
...  

Introduction: Few data exist describing the temporal association between the time spent within various intensities of physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic health outcomes in youth. Study Hypotheses: In contrast to light- or moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) Vigorous- intensity PA would be associated with a reduced risk incident overweight and high normal blood pressure and (2) time spent in vigorous-intensity but not moderate- or light-intensity PA would be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors two years following baseline measurements. Design and Methods: This was a 3-year prospective cohort study of objectively-measured PA (Actical) in 315 youth aged 9 to-17 yrs of age studied in 14 schools. The primary exposure variable was PA intensity. The main outcomes measures were incident overweght status and high normal blood pressure. Secondary outcomes included disproportionate weight gain (annual change in body mass index Z score), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max) at the three year time point. Results: After three year follow-up, increasing time spent in any of the three PA intensities was not associated with incident overweight or incident high normal blood pressure. Compared to the lowest quartile, waist circumference [β = -0.04 95% CI = -0.07 to -0.01; p trend <0.01) and SBP [β = -3.08 95% CI = -6.79 to 0.64; p trend = 0.05] were lower in boys while VO 2 max was significantly higher [43.3 (39.6-46.4) vs 50.2 (43.8-52.9) mL/kg/min; p trend <0.01] in both boys and girls in the highest quartile of vigorous PA. These trends were not observed or reversed across quartiles of moderate- and light-intensity PA. Conclusions: Increasing time spent in vigorous-intensity PA at 12 years of age was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile two years later. Similar trends were not evident for lower intensity PA. Experimental trials are needed to determine if these associations are causal in nature.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Won Jeon ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Se-Won Lim ◽  
Juhee Cho ◽  
Han-Na Kim ◽  
...  

Abstract Aims To evaluate the bidirectional relationship between blood pressure (BP) and depressive symptoms using a large prospective cohort study. Methods Prospective cohort study was performed in 276 244 adults who participated in a regular health check-up and were followed annually or biennially for up to 5.9 years. BP levels were categorised according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association hypertension guidelines. Depressive symptoms were assessed using Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CESD) questionnaire and a cut-off score of ≥25 was regarded as case-level depressive symptoms. Results During 672 603.3 person-years of follow-up, 5222 participants developed case-level depressive symptoms. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for incident case-level depressive symptoms comparing hypotension, elevated BP, hypertension stage 1 and hypertension stage 2 to normal BP were 1.07 (0.99–1.16), 0.93 (0.82–1.05), 0.89 (0.81–0.97) and 0.81 (0.62–1.06), respectively (p for trend <0.001). During 583 615.3 person-years of follow-up, 27 787 participants developed hypertension. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for incident hypertension comparing CESD 16–24 and ⩾25 to CESD < 16 were 1.05 (1.01–1.11) and 1.12 (1.03–1.20), respectively (p for trend <0.001) and in the time-dependent models, corresponding HRs (95% CI) were 1.12 (1.02–1.24) and 1.29 (1.10–1.50), respectively (p for trend <0.001). Conclusions In this large cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals, higher BP levels were independently associated with a decreased risk for developing case-level depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms were also associated with incident hypertension. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional association between BP levels and incident depression.


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-569
Author(s):  
Anna Johansson ◽  
Stefan Acosta

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, and out of all stroke cases, 10–15% originate from a previously asymptomatic stenosis in the internal carotid artery. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The aim of the study was to investigate whether dietary and lifestyle habits were associated with future risk of incident carotid artery disease (CAD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Baseline examinations on middle-aged individuals (<i>n</i> = 30,447) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), a prospective cohort study, took place between 1991 and 1996 in Malmö, Sweden. Individuals with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus were excluded at baseline, resulting in a total study population of 25,952 patients. Information on dietary intake was gathered through a 7-day food diary, a detailed questionnaire, and a 1-h interview. A diet quality index was calculated from adherence to recommended intake of 6 dietary components (saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose). Individuals with a first registered diagnosis of CAD were identified from the Swedish National Patient register. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a median follow-up of 21.8 years, 469 participants (1.8%) developed CAD. The diagnosis of incident CAD was validated and confirmed in 99% of a random sample of 100 individuals. Higher intake of vegetables and fruit was associated with a trend of decreased risk of CAD in a Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio of 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.56–1.03; <i>p</i> = 0.080). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In conclusion, the present study found a trend toward a protective effect of higher intake of vegetables and fruit against incident CAD. More prospective studies investigating the association between diet and CAD and stroke are needed in order to give firm recommendations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B W H Lacey ◽  
N Armas ◽  
J A Burrett ◽  
R Peto ◽  
A Duenas ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of premature death in Cuba, accounting for about one third of all deaths under age 70 years. Substantial uncertainty remains, however, about the relevance of major metabolic risk factors to CVD mortality in this population. Purpose To relate body-mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diabetes to risk of CVD death in Cuba. Methods In a prospective cohort study, 146,665 adults were recruited from the general population in five areas of Cuba between 1996 and 2002. Participants were interviewed, measured (height, weight and blood pressure) and followed up by electronic linkage to Cuban national death registries to Jan 1 2017; 24,345 participants were resurveyed between 2006 and 2008. After excluding all with missing data or chronic disease at recruitment or, to further limit reverse causality, those who died in the first 5 years, Cox regression (adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol and, where appropriate, BMI) was used to relate mortality rate ratios (RRs) at ages 35–79 years to BMI, SBP and diabetes. Correlations of baseline and resurvey values were used to corrected RRs for regression dilution, and thereby estimate associations with long-term average (“usual”) levels of SBP and BMI. Results After exclusions, there were 117,008 participants age 35–79 (mean age 52 [SD 12]; 55% women). At recruitment, mean SBP was 124 mm Hg (SD 15), mean BMI was 24.2 kg/m2 (SD 3.6) and 5% had diabetes; mean SBP and diabetes prevalence were both strongly related to BMI. Correlations of resurvey and baseline measurements were 0.48 for SBP and 0.60 for BMI. At ages 35–79 years, there were 3780 CVD deaths (1871 ischaemic heart disease [IHD], 766 stroke, and 1143 other). CVD mortality was positively associated with BMI (down to about 22–23 kg/m2; figure), SBP and diabetes: 10 kg/m2 higher usual BMI approximately doubled CVD mortality (RR 1.90, 95% CI 1.61–2.24), as did 20 mmHg higher usual SBP (2.03, 1.88–2.20), and a prior diagnosis of diabetes (2.18, 1.97–2.42). The associations were similar in men and women. Given these associations, about one quarter (27%) of CVD deaths in this study were attributable to these metabolic risk factors combined. Conclusion These associations differ to those reported from other parts of Latin America, and are more consistent with studies in Europe and North America, highlighting the need for many more large-scale prospective studies in low and middle income countries. This study provides direct evidence for the expected benefit on CVD mortality of addressing major metabolic risk factors in Cuba. As the levels of these metabolic risk factors are increasing in Cuba, so too is their importance as determinants of premature CVD death. Acknowledgement/Funding Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document