scholarly journals Effect of Traffic Uncertainities on the Design of Mixed Line Rate (MLR) Optical Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer ◽  
Shree Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Program ◽  
Traffic Uncertainty ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

In the existing studies on Mixed Line Rate (MLR) optical networks, the network design methodology is based on the assumption of deterministic traffic, and hence, the effect of traffic uncertainty on the design of an MLR network remains an open problem of research. In this study, we upgrade our previously proposed cost-efficient mixed integer linear program (MILP) formulation for an MLR network, which considered a specific mean traffic for every network source-destination pair. Our upgraded model employs an optimization technique to account for the traffic uncertainties that an actual MLR optical network may encounter. Our simulation results show that (i) if the MLR network is cost-optimized under the assumption that approximately 10-20% of the demands are at their maximum (or peak) value then, the network demonstrates robustness to traffic peaks in approximately all the other demands, and (ii) the saturation of network cost for a number of source-destination pairs is network topology dependent.

scholarly journals Cost Benefit Analysis of Elastic and Mixed Line Rate Optical Network Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhardt Rading
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Low Bit Rate ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

<div>Network traffic continues to grow at more than 30 percent per year and we either have to install new optical infrastructures or upgrade our optical networks to meet the increasing demands. Installing new fibers seems very costly the network operators considering the heterogeneity of optical networks with some consumers requiring low bit rate and others requiring high bit rate demands. As an alternative, we can use the existing fiber infrastructure to meet the traffic demands by aggregating both high and low bit rate demands or using a single type of rate-tunable technology to handle the increasing demands. This paper analyzes the two planning strategies-all period planning and incremental planning- for allocating resources in an increasing traffic and shows the pros and cons that a network operator may experience in case of using either elastic or mixed line rate optical networks.</div>

Cost-Efficient Routing in Mixed-Line-Rate (MLR) Optical Networks for Carrier-Grade Ethernet

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Batayneh ◽  
Dominic A. Schupke ◽  
Marco Hoffmann ◽  
Andreas Kirstaedter ◽  
Biswanath Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

scholarly journals Power-Efficiency Comparison of Spectrum-Efficient Optical Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Future Internet ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Program ◽  
Core Networks

With steady traffic volume growth in the core networks, it is predicted that the future optical network communication will be constrained mainly by the power consumption. Hence, for future internet sustainability, it will be a mandate to ensure power-efficiency in the optical networks. Two paradigms known to support both, the traffic heterogeneity and high bandwidth requests are the: (i) next generation flexible (or elastic) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based networks which provide flexible bandwidth allocation per wavelength, and (ii) currently deployed mixed-line-rate (MLR) based networks which provision the co-existence of 10/40/100 Gbps on varied wavelengths within the same fiber. In this work, the power-efficiency of an OFDM, and a MLR based network has been compared for which, a mixed integer linear program (MILP) model has been formulated considering deterministic traffic between every network source-destination pair. The simulation results show that in regard to power-efficiency, the OFDM based network outperforms the MLR based network.

A Survey on Next-Generation Mixed Line Rate (MLR) and Energy-Driven Wavelength-Division Multiplexed (WDM) Optical Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Assignment ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

AbstractWith the ever-increasing traffic demands, infrastructure of the current 10 Gbps optical network needs to be enhanced. Further, since the energy crisis is gaining increasing concerns, new research topics need to be devised and technological solutions for energy conservation need to be investigated. In all-optical mixed line rate (MLR) network, feasibility of a lightpath is determined by the physical layer impairment (PLI) accumulation. Contrary to PLI-aware routing and wavelength assignment (PLIA-RWA) algorithm applicable for a 10 Gbps wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) network, a new Routing, Wavelength, Modulation format assignment (RWMFA) algorithm is required for the MLR optical network. With the rapid growth of energy consumption in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), recently, lot of attention is being devoted toward “green” ICT solutions. This article presents a review of different RWMFA (PLIA-RWA) algorithms for MLR networks, and surveys the most relevant research activities aimed at minimizing energy consumption in optical networks. In essence, this article presents a comprehensive and timely survey on a growing field of research, as it covers most aspects of MLR and energy-driven optical networks. Hence, the author aims at providing a comprehensive reference for the growing base of researchers who will work on MLR and energy-driven optical networks in the upcoming years. Finally, the article also identifies several open problems for future research.

scholarly journals Cost Benefit Analysis of Elastic and Mixed Line Rate Optical Network Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhardt Rading
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Low Bit Rate ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

<div>Network traffic continues to grow at more than 30 percent per year and we either have to install new optical infrastructures or upgrade our optical networks to meet the increasing demands. Installing new fibers seems very costly the network operators considering the heterogeneity of optical networks with some consumers requiring low bit rate and others requiring high bit rate demands. As an alternative, we can use the existing fiber infrastructure to meet the traffic demands by aggregating both high and low bit rate demands or using a single type of rate-tunable technology to handle the increasing demands. This paper analyzes the two planning strategies-all period planning and incremental planning- for allocating resources in an increasing traffic and shows the pros and cons that a network operator may experience in case of using either elastic or mixed line rate optical networks.</div>

Effect of Channel Spacing on the Design of Mixed Line Rate Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexed Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer ◽  
Shree Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Channel Spacing ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Mixed Line ◽  
Mixed Line Rate

Abstract The ever increasing heterogeneity and growing traffic volume has resulted in significant innovations and paradigm shifts within the telecom backbone networks. In order to cost-effectively respond to the diverse variety of traffic requirements having heterogeneous service demands, wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks have adopted the mixed line rate (MLR) strategy. In MLR networks, many wavelength channels with various line rates can co-exist within the same fiber which, however, raises many important design issues; one of them being the choice of the channel spacing. The quality of signal is affected by the channel spacing in terms of the bit-error rate (BER), which in turn affects the maximum optical reach of the lightpaths that depends on the line rates. In regard to the aforementioned, different methods can be adopted in order to set the width of the channel spacing, viz., (a) choice of a 50 GHz uniform fixed channel spacing specified by the ITU-T grid, (b) exploring various channel spacing values for different line rates so as to optimize the usage of the fiber spectrum, or (c) seek for an optimal value of the channel spacing which results in the minimum network cost. In the current work, we evaluate the MLR network cost for various channel spacings; hence, we find an optimal value of the channel spacing that leads to the minimum MLR network cost. The simulation results reveal that, for a MLR network, even with the assumption of uniform channel spacing, optimal values of the channel spacing for a minimum cost network can be identified.

Performance Modeling and Analysis of WDM Optical Networks under Wavelength Continuity Constraint using MILP

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Bhalaik ◽  
Ashutosh Sharma ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Neeru Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Topology Design ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Virtual Topology ◽  
Wdm Network

Objective: Optical networks exploit the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) to meet the ever-growing bandwidth demands of upcoming communication applications. This is achieved by dividing the enormous transmission bandwidth of fiber into smaller communication channels. The major problem with WDM network design is to find an optimal path between two end users and allocate an available wavelength to the chosen path for the successful data transmission. Methods: This communication over a WDM network is carried out through lightpaths. The merging of all these lightpaths in an optical network generates a virtual topology which is suitable for the optimal network design to meet the increasing traffic demands. But, this virtual topology design is an NP-hard problem. This paper aims to explore Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework to solve this design issue. Results: The comparative results of the proposed and existing mathematical models show that the proposed algorithm outperforms with the various performance parameters. Conclusion: Finally, it is concluded that network congestion is reduced marginally in the overall performance of the network.

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