Bird diversity in the coastal talukas of Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India

The list of birds of Sindhudurg coastal district was compiled based on primary and secondary information. All observations were made along the Sindhudurg coast, i.e., from Terekhol to Vijaydurg. Wetland birds were recorded during sampling while terrestrial birds were recorded opportunistically. Besides, we also collated bird occurrence records from published literature (including grey literature and online resources) to prepare a comprehensive list of birds for Sindhudurg coast. During our study, we recorded 283 species, and 24 more species were compiled from secondary sources. Altogether, 307 species belonging to 78 families and 22 orders were recorded from the Sindhudurg coast. Order Passeriformes was dominant with 111 species. Among the 307 species, four species are endemic to the Western Ghats. Three species of vultures had been reported earlier but two were not encountered in recent years. Great Knot (EN), Woolly-necked Stork (VU) and 14 other species (NT) fall under various threat categories of IUCN. Species richness was higher in Vengurla (256) followed by Malvan (247) and Devgad talukas. Construction of homestays, unregulated tourism in coastal areas, and conversion of natural habitats to meet increasing tourism are the major threats to the coastal avifauna of the district. A high species richness of birds in Sindhudurg coast is attributed to the availability of a wide array of habitats (coastal to woodlands with different degrees of anthropogenic disturbances). Considering the high species richness of birds and livelihood dependency of humans on the coastal zones, a few estuaries namely Mochemad, Karli and Mitbav estuaries may be recognized as community/ conservation reserve to manage the ecosystem sustainably for long-term conservation of these estuaries and sub-habitats therein. Also, those sites can be perceived as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas of IBCN as they fulfill the IBA criteria.

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LISTADO TAXONÓMICO DE COPÉPODOS (ARTHROPODA: CRUSTACEA) DEL MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO

Bulletin of Marine and Coastal Research ◽

10.25268/bimc.invemar.2010.39.2.151 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Johanna Medellín Mora ◽

Gabriel R. Navas S.

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Specific Composition ◽

High Species Richness ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Planktonic Copepods

In the Colombian Caribbean there are few studies on zooplankton that have explored their specific composition and the existing information is largely restricted to grey literature. Studies in other areas of the Caribbean show a high species richness of copepods, recording approximately 500 species. This paper presents a taxonomic list of 217 species of planktonic copepods belonging to the orders Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, Poecillostomatoida, Mormonilloida, and Siphonostomatoida recorded in the Colombian Caribbean since 1970.

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Herpetofauna of the Reserva Extrativista do Rio Gregório, Juruá Basin, southwest Amazonia, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/8.3.360 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 360 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Davi Lima Pantoja ◽

Rafael De Fraga

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Habitat Preferences ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Sampling Time ◽

Pitfall Traps ◽

Vulnerable Species ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

High Species Richness ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Floodplain Habitats

We present a checklist for reptiles and amphibians of the Reserva Extrativista do Rio Gregório, at the upper Juruá River basin, in the southwest Brazilian Amazonia. Using time-constrained searches, pitfall traps, vocalization, and accidental sightings, we recorded 84 species: 46 amphibians and 38 reptiles. Although analyses suggest still higher diversity, considering the short sampling time, relatively high species richness was documented, which reveals the relevance of this region for conservation. Species richness did not differ between upland and floodplain habitats. Species compositions were significant different between these habitat categories for amphibians and snakes, but not for lizards, suggesting some habitat preferences. Additionally, we found threatened and vulnerable species. We did not assess impacts of human activities on natural populations in RESEX do Rio Gregório, but since resident people have directly used natural resources (e.g. consuming turtles and modifying natural habitats), we recommend monitoring biodiversity to avoid negative impacts.

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Drivers of bird diversity in an understudied African centre of endemism: The Angolan Central Escarpment Forest

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270917000119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 256-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AIMY CÁCERES ◽

MARTIM MELO ◽

JOS BARLOW ◽

RICARDO FAUSTINO DE LIMA ◽

MICHAEL S. L. MILLS

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Model Averaging ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Habitat Characteristics ◽

Bird Diversity ◽

Remotely Sensed Data ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Point Counts

SummaryNatural habitats are being rapidly lost due to human activities. It is therefore vital to understand how these activities influence biodiversity so that suitable guidelines can be established for conservation. This is particularly important in understudied, high biodiversity, areas such as the Angolan Escarpment. Here we examine which habitat characteristics drive bird diversity and endemic species presence at Kumbira Forest, a key site in the Central Escarpment Forest. Bird diversity was sampled by 10 min bird point counts, whereas habitat characteristics were measured by a combination of ground-based vegetation surveys and remotely sensed data modelling of Landsat images. GLM, multi-model inference and model averaging were used to determine the most important variables driving species richness and the presence of endemics. The remote sensing variables performed poorly in predicting presence of Red-crested Turaco Tauraco erythrolophus and Gabela Bushshrike Laniarius amboimensis but they contributed significantly to explain species richness and Gabela Akalat Sheppardia gabela presence, both of which were associated with greater canopy cover. Liana density and elevation were also important explanatory variables in certain cases. Conservation actions at Kumbira should focus on increasing canopy cover and maintaining forest integrity (as measured by liana density), as these actions are likely to have the most positive outcomes for the avifauna.

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Contribution à la connaissance des abeilles de la Loire-Atlantique, du Maine-et-Loire et de la Vendée

Osmia ◽

10.47446/osmia8.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 63-81

Author(s):

Violette Le Féon ◽

Doriane Blottière ◽

David Genoud ◽

Olivier Lambert

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Coastal Dunes ◽

Coastal Zones ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Different Types ◽

Armorican Massif ◽

Agricultural Areas ◽

French Region

We present an overview of a study on bees carried out by the Centre Vétérinaire de la Faune Sauvage et des Écosystèmes (CVFSE, Nantes, France) between 2014 and 2018. Bees were collected through net sampling in 84 sites located in 43 cities of the French region Pays de la Loire (32 cities in Loire-Atlantique, 4 in Maine-et-Loire, and 7 in Vendée). Sampling occurred in different types of habitats: urban areas, agricultural areas, and semi-natural habitats like grasslands, woodlands, and coastal zones. This study provided information on the distribution of 278 bee species, among which several were previously unknown to the Armorican Massif (Andrena florivaga, Chelostoma distinctum, Coelioxys obtusa, Eucera clypeata, E. pannonica, Hylaeus clypearis, H. leptocephalus, H. punctatus, Lasioglossum tarsatum, Nomada errans, N. furva, N. lisenmaieri, N. rubiginosa, N. villosa, and Sphecodes pseudofasciatus). It highlighted the great bee species richness in semi-natural habitats, notably in the coastal dunes, but also in some urban or suburban sites, as long as the management is favourable to bees.

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Pulse and Progress of Venture Capital Financing in India: An Analytical Study

Think India ◽

10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8328 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 553-562

Author(s):

Dr. Devarajappa S

Keyword(s):

Venture Capital ◽

Capital Investment ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Economic Empowerment ◽

Statistical Tools ◽

Venture Capital Investment ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Current Trends ◽

Capital Financing ◽

Secondary Information

The Main objective of the paper is to examine the current trends and progress of the venture capital in India and the paper also highlights the concept and stages of financing of venture capital. To meet the aim objective of the study the researcher used secondary sources. The required secondary information has been collected through various articles, reports, magazines’ and websites. To examine the trends of venture capital in India, IVCA (Indian Venture Capital Association) report is used. For the purpose of examine the data; the statistical tools like Mean, Standard Deviation, Charts and ANOVA, Correlation coefficient have been employed. The study concludes that, the venture capital investment has been increasing in India and this is the positive indication for the country, to curb the unemployment, economic empowerment of people through maximizing startups in India

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Family graveyards form underappreciated local plant diversity hotspots in China's agricultural landscapes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80362-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Gong ◽

Liangtao Li ◽

Jan C. Axmarcher ◽

Zhenrong Yu ◽

Yunhui Liu

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Plant Species ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Plant Species Richness ◽

Agricultural Landscapes ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Landscape Features ◽

Habitat Islands ◽

Local Plant ◽

Ecological Functioning

AbstractIn the intensively farmed, homogenous agricultural landscape of the North China Plain, family graveyards form distinct cultural landscape features. In addition to their cultural value, these graveyards represent semi-natural habitat islands whose potential roles in biodiversity conservation and ecological functioning has remained poorly understood. In this study, we investigated plant species richness on 199 family graveyards of different ages and sizes. In accordance with biogeography theory, both overall and insect-pollinated plant species richness increased with area and age of graveyards. Even small graveyards show a strong potential for conserving local plant richness, and a mosaic of both large and small family graveyards could play an important role in the conservation of farmland biodiversity and related ecosystem functions. The launch of agri-environmental measures that conserve and create semi-natural habitats, in turn benefitting agricultural biodiversity and ecological functioning, has proven difficult in China due to the shortage of dispensable arable land. Given the great value of family graveyards as semi-natural habitats reflected in our study, we propose to focus preliminary efforts on conserving these landscape features as existing, widespread and culturally important semi-natural habitat islands. This would represent an effective, complementary policy to a subsequent re-establishment of other semi-natural habitats for the conservation of biodiversity and ecological functioning in agricultural landscapes.

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Biodiversity hanging by a thread: the importance of fungal litter-trapping systems in tropical rainforests

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2011.1115 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 397-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jake L. Snaddon ◽

Edgar C. Turner ◽

Tom M. Fayle ◽

Chey V. Khen ◽

Paul Eggleton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Habitat Complexity ◽

Tropical Rainforests ◽

Dramatic Reduction ◽

Experimental Removal ◽

Crucial Component ◽

High Species Richness ◽

Vital Resource

The exceptionally high species richness of arthropods in tropical rainforests hinges on the complexity of the forest itself: that is, on features such as the high plant diversity, the layered nature of the canopy and the abundance and the diversity of epiphytes and litter. We here report on one important, but almost completely neglected, piece of this complex jigsaw—the intricate network of rhizomorph-forming fungi that ramify through the vegetation of the lower canopy and intercept falling leaf litter. We show that this litter-trapping network is abundant and intercepts substantial amounts of litter (257.3 kg ha −1 ): this exceeds the amount of material recorded in any other rainforest litter-trapping system. Experimental removal of this fungal network resulted in a dramatic reduction in both the abundance (decreased by 70.2 ± 4.1%) and morphospecies richness (decreased by 57.4 ± 5.1%) of arthropods. Since the lower canopy levels can contain the highest densities of arthropods, the proportion of the rainforest fauna dependent on the fungal networks is likely to be substantial. Fungal litter-trapping systems are therefore a crucial component of habitat complexity, providing a vital resource that contributes significantly to rainforest biodiversity.

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Seasonality in a taxocoenosis of molluscs from soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain)

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315401004829 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 903-912 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jose L. Rueda ◽

Manuel Fernández-Casado ◽

Carmen Salas ◽

Serge Gofas

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Soft Bottom ◽

Soft Bottoms ◽

High Species Richness ◽

Bay Of Cadiz ◽

Bay Of Cádiz ◽

Autumn And Winter

The macrofauna of molluscs associated with soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain) was studied monthly from February 1994 to January 1996. The number of species (63) is high for a soft bottom and is related to environmental characteristics (growth of macrophytes) and the biogeographical setting of the studied area. Corbula gibba (∼90%) was the dominant species in this taxocoenosis together with the gastropod Nassarius pygmaeus and the bivalves Pandora inaequivalvis, Parvicardium exiguum and Macoma melo. The most frequent species during the two years was also the bivalve Corbula gibba (100%) followed by the gastropods Nassarius pygmaeus, Tricolia tenuis, Rissoa membranacea and the bivalve Macoma melo. Total abundance of the taxocoenosis in both years reached higher values in spring. The dynamics of the ecological indices such as diversity or evenness, and the species richness showed a similar pattern in both years, with low values of diversity and evenness together with high species richness in spring and summer months and the reverse in autumn and winter. The qualitative correspondence analysis of monthly samples shows an ordination related to seasonality in both studied years, however the values of Jaccard's coefficient do not indicate significant boundaries among the monthly samples. The quantitative correspondence analysis shows an ordination and grouping of samples related to the biology of species, particularly with the recruitment of C. gibba, the dominant species. The existence of similar trends in the structure of the taxocoenoses over both years, and the seasonality highlighted by the qualitative correspondence analysis, seems to indicate a certain stability of the ecosystem.

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Monitoring of small rock pools reveals differential effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on birds and mammals in the Calakmul region, southern Mexico

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467421000547 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez ◽

Fredy Alvarado ◽

Melanie Kolb ◽

Eduardo Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Bird Diversity ◽

Small Scale ◽

Rock Pools ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Wildlife Species ◽

The Impact

Abstract Great attention has been drawn to the impacts of habitat deforestation and fragmentation on wildlife species richness. In contrast, much less attention has been paid to assessing the impacts of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife species composition and behaviour. We focused on natural small rock pools (sartenejas), which concentrate vertebrate activity due to habitat’s water limitation, to assess the impact of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on the species richness, diversity, composition, and behaviour of medium and large-sized birds and mammals in the highly biodiverse forests of Calakmul, southern Mexico. Camera trapping records of fauna using sartenejas within and outside the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR) showed that there were no effects on species richness, but contrasts emerged when comparing species diversity, composition, and behaviour. These effects differed between birds and mammals and between species: (1) bird diversity was greater outside the CBR, but mammal diversity was greater within and (2) the daily activity patterns of birds differed slightly within and outside the CBR but strongly contrasted in mammals. Our study highlights that even in areas supporting extensive forest cover, small-scale chronic anthropogenic disturbances can have pervasive negative effects on wildlife and that these effects contrast between animal groups.

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