scholarly journals Species richness and abundance of monogonont rotifers in relation to environmental factors in the UNESCO Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 14087-14100
Author(s):  
Nattaporn Plangklang ◽  
Chaichat Boonyanusith ◽  
Sujeephon Athibai
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Monogonont Rotifers ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Incomplete Picture

 The UNESCO Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve plays an important role in nature conservation and environmental protection.  Previous focus on terrestrial habitats and neglect of aquatic ecosystems has resulted in an incomplete picture of biodiversity of the area.  Based on the first investigation of planktonic diversity, rotifers were collected seasonally at five localities from September 2013 to May 2014 using a Schindler-Patalas plankton trap and a plankton net.  Fifteen families, 25 genera and 71 species of rotifers were identified.  The most diverse families were Lecanidae, Brachionidae, Lepadellidae, and Trichocercidae, accounting for 80% of the total species count.  The maximum species richness was reported at the reservoir, with 57 species (80% of the total), while the minimum species richness (34) was observed at the ponds.  The rainy season had the highest density, followed by winter and summer, with 149.15 N/l from an intermittent stream, and 95.43 and 50.68 N/l from a pond, respectively.  Most of the sampling sites at the three seasonal occasions were dominated by a planktonic species Polyarthra vulgaris.  The results indicate that the seasonal variation of the rotifer assemblage is related to the seasonal variation of physicochemical parameters. 

scholarly journals Assessing Ecological Risks from Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Sulfur to US Forests Using Epiphytic Macrolichens

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda H. Geiser ◽  
Peter R. Nelson ◽  
Sarah E. Jovan ◽  
Heather T. Root ◽  
Christopher M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Total Species

Critical loads of atmospheric deposition help decision-makers identify levels of air pollution harmful to ecosystem components. But when critical loads are exceeded, how can the accompanying ecological risk be quantified? We use a 90% quantile regression to model relationships between nitrogen and sulfur deposition and epiphytic macrolichens, focusing on responses of concern to managers of US forests: Species richness and abundance and diversity of functional groups with integral ecological roles. Analyses utilized national-scale lichen survey data, sensitivity ratings, and modeled deposition and climate data. We propose 20, 50, and 80% declines in these responses as cut-offs for low, moderate, and high ecological risk from deposition. Critical loads (low risk cut-off) for total species richness, sensitive species richness, forage lichen abundance and cyanolichen abundance, respectively, were 3.5, 3.1, 1.9, and 1.3 kg N and 6.0, 2.5, 2.6, and 2.3 kg S ha−1 yr−1. High environmental risk (80% decline), excluding total species richness, occurred at 14.8, 10.4, and 6.6 kg N and 14.1, 13, and 11 kg S ha−1 yr−1. These risks were further characterized in relation to geography, species of conservation concern, number of species affected, recovery timeframes, climate, and effects on interdependent biota, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Beaver creates early successional hotspots for water beetles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Nummi ◽  
Wenfei Liao ◽  
Juliette van der Schoor ◽  
John Loehr
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Water Beetles ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Beaver Ponds ◽  
Water Beetle ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Beaver Dams

AbstractBeavers (Castor spp.) are ecosystem engineers that induce local disturbance and ecological succession, which turns terrestrial into aquatic ecosystems and creates habitat heterogeneity in a landscape. Beavers have been proposed as a tool for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration. So far, most research has compared biodiversity in beaver wetlands and non-beaver wetlands, but few studies have explored how beaver-created succession affects specific taxa. In this study, we investigated how water beetles responded to different successional stages of wetlands in a beaver-disturbed landscape at Evo in southern Finland. We sampled water beetles with 1-L activity traps in 20 ponds, including: 5 new beaver ponds, 5 old beaver ponds, 5 former beaver ponds, and 5 never engineered ponds. We found that beaver wetlands had higher species richness and abundance than non-beaver wetlands, and that new beaver wetlands could support higher species richness (321%) and abundance (671%) of water beetles compared to old beaver wetlands. We think that higher water beetle diversity in new beaver ponds has resulted from habitat amelioration (available lentic water, shallow shores, aquatic vegetation, and low fish abundance) and food source enhancement (an increase of both dead and live prey) created by beaver dams and floods. We conclude that using beavers as a tool, or imitating their way of flooding, can be beneficial in wetland restoration if beaver population densities are monitored to ensure the availability of newly colonizable sites.

Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) community of a cultivated arable field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen, Hungary

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Földesi ◽  
Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Arable Field ◽  
Group Feeding ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Pan Traps

AbstractA hoverfly (Syrphidae) community was investigated in a cultivated wheat field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen (Hungary). We monitored the change of species richness and abundance of hoverflies along three transects in the hedgerow and in the wheat field in different distances (10 m, 20 m) from the hedgerow. The effect of sampling methods on the number of hoverfly species and individuals was analyzed. Two sampling methods were used to catch hoverflies: netting and pan traps. The whole sampling period was divided into three subperiods, which are early (22nd April–2nd June), middle (11th June–1st August) and late (6th August–11th September). Altogether 1,214 individuals of 22 species were sampled. Fourteen species with 78% of individuals belonged to the aphidophagous group, feeding on aphids as larvae. Altogether 861 individuals of 22 hoverfly species were sampled by netting and 353 individuals of 10 species by pan traps. The total number of hoverfly species was significant lower in the late period than in the early. The total abundance was higher in the middle period compared to the early. The species richness and abundance of aphidophagous species followed a similar pattern as the total species values. The species richness and abundance of hoverflies were significant higher in 10 m and 20 m distance in the wheat field than along the hedgerow. The results suggest that the pan traps were less efficient in the hedgerow than the netting, but in the wheat field they sampled more hoverflies because of visually alluring effect on hoverflies in the absence of flowers.

scholarly journals Lunar phobia in phyllostomid bats at La Ceiba, Tuxpan, Veracruz

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Pech Canché ◽  
Paola Deniss Coria Villegas ◽  
Ivette Alicia Chamorro-Florescano ◽  
José Lui Alanís Méndez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Lozano-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Full Moon ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Lunar Phases ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus ◽  
Total Species

The term lunar phobia is used to explain the behavior that some nocturnal animals have to avoid periods with greater moonlight intensity. The aim was to determine the effect of the brightness of the new moon and the fullmoon on the richness, abundance and diversity of the phyllostomid bat community at the La Ceiba estate, Tuxpan, Veracruz, where the study was conducted from October 2013 to February 2014 using five mist nets for two nights per month. We captured 142 bats belonging to eight species, with Artibeus lituratus being the species with the highest records in both lunar phases (74 individuals). Although no signicant differences were found in diversity between the two lunar phases, greater cumulative species richness and abundance were recorded in the new moon (eight species, 118 individuals) than the full moon (five species, 24 individuals). The signicant decrease in abundance between the new moon and the full moon, mainly of small frugivorous species, indicates that lunar luminosity affects bat activity. It also has an effect on total species richness as three species were exclusively recorded in the new moon phase.

scholarly journals Island species-area relationships in the Andaman islands emerge because rarer species are disproportionately favored on larger islands

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leana D. Gooriah ◽  
Priya Davidar ◽  
Jonathan M. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Total Species

AbstractThe Island Species-Area relationship (ISAR) describes how the number of species increases with increasing size of an island (or island-like habitat), and is of fundamental importance in island biogeography and conservation. Here, we use a framework based on individual-based rarefactions to infer whether ISARs result from random sampling, or whether some process are acting beyond sampling (e.g., disproportionate effects and/or habitat heterogeneity). Using data on total and relative abundances of four taxa (birds, butterflies, amphibians and reptiles) across the Andamans and Nicobar archipelago, we examine how different metrics of biodiversity (total species richness, rarefied species richness, and abundance-weighted effective numbers of species emphasizing common species) vary with island area. Total species richness increased for all taxa, as did rarefied species richness for a given sampling effort. This indicates that the ISAR did not result because of random sampling, but that instead, species were disproportionately favored on larger islands. This disproportionate effect was primarily due to changes in the abundance of rarer species, because there was no effect on the abundance-weighted diversity measure for all taxa except butterflies. Furthermore, for the two taxa for which we had plot-level data (lizards and frogs), within-island β -diversity did not increase with island size, suggesting that heterogeneity effects were unlikely to be driving these ISARS. Overall, our results indicate that the ISAR of these taxa is most likely because rarer species are more likely to survive and persist beyond that which would have been expected by random sampling alone, and emphasizes the role of these larger islands in the preservation and conservation of species.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Use of Even-Aged Reproduction Stands by Bird Communities in Central Pennsylvania

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Talbott ◽  
Richard H. Yahner
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Overstory Trees ◽  
Total Species

Abstract In 1992, the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry adopted a new forest management practice known as even-aged reproduction with reservation (EAR), which replaces clearcutting on state forestlands. The EAR guidelines mandate the retention of at least 12 trees/ha and 24–36 m2/ha of basal area, representing a diversity of overstory and understory species. During summer 1998, we compared the temporal (breeding season vs. mid-summer) and spatial (edge versus interior) use of EAR stands by birds. In addition, we compared observed vs. expected use of overstory trees in EAR stands. In each of ten representative EAR stands, we sampled birds twice per season along two-edge and two-interior transects. Total species richness and abundance (all species combined), species richness and abundance of ground-shrub foragers, and species richness of canopy-sallier foragers were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the breeding season than in mid-summer. Eight of 20 common bird species analyzed also were significantly (P < 0.05) more abundant during the breeding season (e.g., black-and-white warbler and chestnut-sided warbler), and one species was significantly (P < 0.05) more abundant during mid-summer. Total species richness, total abundance, and abundance of ground-shrub foragers were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in interiors compared to edges of EAR stands. Five species also were significantly (P < 0.05) more abundant in interiors of EAR stands, whereas no species was more common in edges. All species combined and three foraging guilds showed differential use (P < 0.05) of overstory tree species; eight species also differed significantly in their use of abundant tree species. Based on our findings, we believe that EAR stands are excellent substitutes for clearcuts on state forestlands, although we caution that our findings were based only on one yr of data. We recommend the continued retention of a diversity of overstory trees, especially snags and rough-barked trees, in both edges and interiors of EAR stands for use by a variety of bird species during both the breeding season and mid-summer. North. J. Appl. For. 20(3):117–123.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document