Abstract 2539: Relationship of Aortic Wall Thickness and Distensibility with Subclinical Measures of Cardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Bahrami ◽  
Joao A Lima ◽  
Joseph F Polak ◽  
Gregory D Pearson ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subclinical Cvd

Background: While increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), little is known about the relationship of aortic thickness (AWT) and aortic distensibility (AD) with CVD risk factors. We studied the association of these aortic parameters with other measures of subclinical CVD. Methods: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) includes 6,814 participants, aged 45– 85 years; white, African-American, Hispanic, and Chinese. AD and AWT were measured by MRI. Average and maximum AWT of the proximal descending thoracic aorta were used as two measures of AWT. AD was calculated as the difference in aortic cross-sectional area indexed by diastolic cross-sectional area and average pulse pressure. IMT of the common and internal carotid arteries were determined by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography and LV mass was determined by MRI. Phantom-adjusted Agatston calcium score from CT images was used to define coronary artery calcification (CAC). Results: In univariable analyses, higher carotid IMT, ankle-brachial index (ABI) <0.9, CAC score, LV mass, and presence of coronary calcium were associated with lower AD and higher AWT (table ). However, in multivariable analyses, the only measures of subclinical CVD that had significant associations with both AD and AWT were LV mass and carotid IMT, while ABI was associated with only AWT. After adding age to the models, CAC score was no longer associated with either AD or AWT. The relationship between CAC score and AD varied by ethnicity; higher CAC score was associated with higher AD only in African Americans. Conclusions: AD and AWT are related to carotid IMT and LV mass, even after controlling for traditional risk factors. The associations of AD and AWT with CAC appears to be mainly due to their relationship with conventional risk factors, particularly age. Overall, AWT and AD may have closer relationship with LV mass than with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Identification of the biomechanical factors associated with the perception of distension in the human esophagus

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (4) ◽  
pp. G683-G689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Barlow ◽  
H. Gregersen ◽  
D. G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Butyl Bromide ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impedance Planimetry ◽  
Sensory Responses ◽  
Human Esophagus ◽  
Biomechanical Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Current techniques used to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the sensory responses to distension of the human esophagus provide limited information because the degree of circumferential stretch required to determine tension can only be inferred. We used impedance planimetry to measure the cross-sectional area during esophageal distension to ascertain the degree of stretch and tension that initiated motor and sensory responses. Hyoscine- N-butyl bromide (HBB), a cholinergic muscarinic receptor blocker, was also used to alter esophageal tension during distension. Motor activity was initiated at a lower degree of stretch and tension than that which initiated sensory awareness; both increased directly with increasing distension. HBB reduced both esophageal motility and tension during distension without altering the relationship between sensation intensity and cross-sectional area. Esophageal stretch, rather than tension, thus appears to be the major factor influencing sensory responses to esophageal distension.

Changes in airway length after unilateral pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Kirchner ◽  
J. T. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Airways ◽  
Peripheral Airway ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bronchial Casts ◽  
Central Airway ◽  
Terminal Bronchiole

We have previously shown that airway cross-sectional area increases 15-20% after pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets by measuring bronchial casts. We have now reanalyzed these same casts to quantitate changes in airway length after pneumonectomy. In each cast the distance from each of 120 airways to the terminal bronchiole along its axial pathway was measured. The relationship between the logarithm of this distance and that of the fraction of the lobe subtended by an airway could be described by a quadratic equation with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.85. Subsegmental and more distal airways of postpneumonectomy animals were 33-47% longer than those of controls. Overall the main axial pathway of airways in the left lower lobes was 12% longer in operated animals, but this increase was primarily accounted for by an increase in the length of the more peripheral airways. Central airways were little if any longer in operated animals. After pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets, subsegmental and peripheral airway lengths increase to a greater degree than lung volume and airway cross-sectional area, whereas central airway lengths increase to a lesser extent if at all. The mechanisms responsible for this difference between central and intralobar compensatory airway growth are unknown.

scholarly journals Relationship of actual laminoplasty opening size and increment of the cross-sectional area based on single-door cervical laminoplasy

Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. e0216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jiang Yang ◽  
Rui-Jun Tian ◽  
Xing Su ◽  
Shan-bo Hu ◽  
Wei Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Laminoplasty Opening Size ◽  
Relationship Of

The relationship between jaw-opening force and the cross-sectional area of the suprahyoid muscles in healthy elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kajisa ◽  
H. Tohara ◽  
A. Nakane ◽  
Y. Wakasugi ◽  
K. Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suprahyoid Muscles ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Relationship

CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY HABITUS AND CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF RIBS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Takahashi ◽  
Harold M. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Site ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Habitus ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Total Cross Sectional Area ◽  
The Relationship

A correlation study was performed of the relationship between the total cross-sectional area of the fifth, sixth, or seventh rib in its middle third, and the height, weight, and sex of its owner. The study involved 115 metabolically normal people and yielded high correlation coefficients between the calculated and observed total rib cross-sectional areas of 60 males and 55 females. It is suggested that the total cross-sectional area at a standard bone sampling site be used as a basis for normalizing measures of the severity of osteoporosis. This would allow one to make improved comparisons of the severity of osteoporosis between persons of different body habitus and sex.

The Relationship Between Changes In Rmssd And Rectus Femoris Cross-sectional Area Following Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 901-902
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Kopec ◽  
Bailey A. Welborn ◽  
James E. Leeper ◽  
Elizabeth E. Hibberd ◽  
Phillip A. Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship
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