Abstract 3406: Plaque Characterization Using Different X-ray Energy By Dual Source CT And Its Comparison With Histology

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Komatsu ◽  
Alexander Kuhlmann ◽  
Valentine Campean ◽  
Dieter Ropers ◽  
Ulrike Ropers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
Plaque Characterization ◽  
Fibrous Plaque ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Calcified Plaque ◽  
Lipid Rich Plaque ◽  
Dual Source

Background In addition to high spatial (0.4 mm) and temporal resolution (83 ms), Dual Source CT (DSCT) allows simultaneous imaging with two different x-ray energies. This may be beneficial for tissue characterization. Objectives. To determine the accuracy of ex vivo atherosclerotic plaque characterization with DSCT and to assess the CT attenuation of various plaque components depending on X-ray energy. Materials and Methods. 18 atherosclerotic vessels of coronary, carotid and iliac arteries obatined from autopsy were analyzed by DSCT. Each lumen of the vessels was filled with contrast media (30X Imeron 350). The collimation was 2X64X0.6 mm, rotation time was 330 msec., temporal resolution was 83 msec. Data sets were obtained using a tube voltage of 80, 100, 120, and 140 kV. The x.-ray attenuation of lipid-rich plaque, fibrous plaque, calcified plaque and contrast-enhanced lumen were determined for all x-ray energies by comparison to histology at 25 sites. In addition, cross-sectional images were reconstructed with 0.75 mm slice thickness and 0.4 mm increment. 26 slices at 10 mm interval were analyzed by comprehensive color-coding according to CT number. Results. There were significant differences among CT attenuations of lipid-rich, fibrous and calcified plaque using 80, 100, 120, and 140 kV (Table , p<0.01), respectively. The averaged ratio of CT attenuation of lipid-rich, fibrous plaque, and calcified plaque to the Contrast-enhanced lumen for 80kV and 140kV were −16%, 11%, 14%, respectively (p<0.05). Lipid-rich plaque was well-differentiated with lumen attenuation in all energies. Conclusions. The relationships between lumen enhancement and each plaque component were different as changing the x-ray energy level. Using of varying x-ray energy, DSCT may able to detect atherosclerotic plaque and characterization of plaque components. The Attenuation on Different Energy

Abstract 2598: Radiation Exposure, Procedure Time And Contrast Load In Patients Referred For Coronary Angiography: Head-to-head Comparison Of Dual Source Ct With Conventional Coronary Angiography.

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Van Mieghem ◽  
Annick C Weustink ◽  
Marcel Kofflard ◽  
A. Schreve-Steensma ◽  
Niels A Matheijssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Conventional Coronary Angiography ◽  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
The Mean

Introduction and aim: Dual Source CT (DSCT) scanners, with an increased temporal resolution (83 ms), are becoming widely available. To evaluate the current potential of this scanner in the clinical arena, we performed a head-to-head comparison with conventional coronary angiography (CCA) taking into account the following parameters: radiation exposure, procedure time and contrast load. Methods: During a one-year period (april 2006 to march 2007) we compared a consecutive patient group who underwent DSCT (318 patients, 222 male, mean age 68±11 years) and CCA (352 patients, 258 male, mean age 61±12) respectively. Patients with previous bypass surgery were excluded. In DSCT, the volume of iodinated contrast material was adapted to the scan time. A contrast bolus was injected in an antecubital vein at a flow rate of 5.0 ml/s followed by a saline chaser of 40 ml at 5.0 ml/s. Each tube provided 412 mAs/rot (maximum), and full X-ray tube current was given during 25–70% of the RR-interval. Exposure data were collected using the x-ray dosimetrical reports from DSCT and CCA. Results: The mean procedure time using DSCT and CCA was 16.1±4.7 min and 44.1±25.5 min (p<0.001), respectively. The mean contrast load in DSCT and CCA was 77.9±7.6 ml and 175.3±4.3ml (p<0.001), respectively. The overall radiation exposure for DSCT and CCA was calculated as 15.3±4.0 mSv and 5.7±4.3 mSv, respectively. Radiation exposure with DSCT was significantly lower (p<0.001) in patients with a heart rate of >70 bpm (12.9±3.1 mSv ) as compared with patients with heart rates <70 bpm (16.4±3.8 mSv). Conclusion: In today’s practice currently available DSCT scanners perform favorably as compared with CCA, considering procedure time and patient contrast load. Radiation exposure with DSCT remains higher but should not be considered a major disadvantage taking into account the relatively old age group that generally undergoes coronary angiography and the major benefit of not being exposed to the risks of an invasive procedure.

X-ray scattering in single- and dual-source CT

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus J. Engel ◽  
Christoph Herrmann ◽  
Günter Zeitler
Keyword(s):  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Ray Scattering

WE-D-332-02: X-Ray Spectra Optimization for Dual-Energy Imaging Using Dual-Source CT

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (6Part24) ◽  
pp. 2948-2948
Author(s):  
J Ramirez Giraldo ◽  
A Primak ◽  
X Liu ◽  
C McCollough
Keyword(s):  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Dual Energy Imaging

Dual source abdominal computed tomography: the effect of reduced X-ray tube voltage and intravenous contrast media dosage in patients with reduced renal function

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Svensson ◽  
Daniel Thor ◽  
Michael A Fischer ◽  
Torkel Brismar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
Tube Voltage ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intravenous Contrast Medium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Low Kvp

Background X-ray tube voltage (kVp) reduction increases intravenous contrast medium (CM) attenuation at computed tomography (CT), but tube output limits its use in large patients. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility and image quality of reducing CM dose by low kVp and using dual X-ray source at liver CT. Material and Methods Patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 mL/min (n = 43) aged 60–91 years (75 ± 7.7), weighing 42–114 kg (75 ± 15) were prospectively scanned using a reduced CM dose of 0.25 or 0.3 g iodine (I)/kg with 70 or 80 kVp respectively, using either single-source or dual-source CT depending on patient size. Liver contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), liver noise, and muscle noise were quantitatively compared with those of 43 consecutive patients aged > 65 years with eGFR > 45 mL/min scanned using a standard abdominal protocol at 120 kVp after receiving 0.5 gI/kg. Results There was no statistically significant difference in CNR, liver noise, or muscle noise at reduced CM protocols compared to the standard protocol: CNR was 4.6 (95% CI = 4.2–5.0) vs. 5.0 (95% CI = 4.5–5.5), liver noise was 11.1 (95% CI = 10.7–11.6) vs. 11.0 (95% CI = 10.5–11.6), muscle noise was 11.7 (95% CI = 11.2–12.1) vs. 10.8 (95% CI = 10.1–11.4). The mean SSDE was 70% higher with the reduced CM protocol. Conclusion CM dosage can be reduced by 40–50% with maintained measured noise and CNR in patients with BMIs of 15–36 kg/m2 by lowering the tube voltage and dual-source CT scanning of the liver.

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