Abstract P054: Endogenous Sex Hormone Levels and Endothelial Function Among Men and Post-Menopausal Women in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Mathews ◽  
Vinita Subramanya ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Pamela Ouyang ◽  
Dhanajay Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: Sex is a major determinant of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endogenous sex hormones exert a variety of effects on the vascular endothelium, and changes in sex hormone levels after menopause may play a role in CVD risk in women. We hypothesized that a more androgenic sex hormone profile among post-menopausal women, but not among men, would be associated with reduced blood flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, a marker of worse endothelial function. Methods: We examined 1396 post-menopausal women and 1707 men participating in MESA, who were free of clinical CVD at baseline. Sex hormone levels [total testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), estradiol (E2)] were measured at Exam 1 (2000-02); free T and T/E2 ratio were calculated. FMD was measured by high-resolution ultrasound. Using multivariable adjusted Poisson and linear regression methods, we tested the cross-sectional associations of sex hormones (log transformed) with FMD. Results: The mean age of men and women was 61 and 64 years, respectively. Of women, 34% were using hormone therapy (HT). Among women, after adjusting for demographics, CVD risk factors, and HT use, higher SHBG was associated with higher FMD, whereas higher free T was associated with lower FMD (Table, Model 2). In women, when examining the “best FMD response” (top decile vs. bottom 9 deciles), higher E2 was positively associated with a prevalent best response, whereas higher free T was inversely associated. Among men, a higher T/E2 ratio was marginally associated with lower FMD. Conclusion: The association between sex hormones and FMD differs in men and women. Higher E2 and SHBG and lower free T levels were associated with better FMD in post-menopausal women but not in men. Higher T/E2 ratio was associated with lower FMD in men. Further studies are needed to assess longitudinal changes in sex hormone levels and their association with vascular aging. Sex hormone levels may help identify individuals at increased CVD risk who may benefit from other risk reduction strategies.

Abstract P046: Sex Hormone Levels and 10-Year Change in N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Among Men and Post-Menopausal Women: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Ying ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Pamela Ouyang ◽  
Dhananjay Vaidya ◽  
Chiadi E Ndumele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs between men and women, and sex hormones are thought to play a key role. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a sensitive biomarker of ventricular wall stress and a strong predictor of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF). It can thus be seen as an early marker of CVD. We evaluated whether sex hormones levels were associated with change in NT-proBNP concentrations over 10 years in MESA. Methods: We studied 2348 men and 2041 post-menopausal women. Serum testosterone (T), estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured at Exam 1 (2000-02); free T and bioavailable T were calculated. NT-proBNP was measured by Roche assay at Exam 1, plus Exam 3 (2004-05) and/or Exam 5 (2010-12). Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed effects models were used to study associations between sex hormone levels and change in NT-proBNP over an approximately 10-year period. Results: Mean (SD) age (years) at baseline was 65 (9) for women and 62 (10) for men. Women had higher NT-proBNP than men (median 76.6 vs 37.1 pg/ml). Among women, after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and CVD risk factors, higher total T, bioavailable T, and free T were independently associated with a greater increase in NT-proBNP over 10 years, whereas estradiol and SHBG were inversely associated with change in NT-proBNP ( Table ). When sex hormones were analyzed together in the same model, total T was positively associated and SHBG was inversely associated with change in NT-proBNP. In men, higher estradiol was associated with greater 10-year increase in NT-proBNP. These associations were preserved after excluding individuals with ejection fraction <50%. Conclusion: A more androgenic sex hormone profile in post-menopausal women and a more estrogenic profile in men were independently associated with 10-year change in NT-proBNP levels. Sex hormone patterns may thus explain in part sex differences in the development of CVD and HF.

Abstract MP04: Sex Hormones and 10 Year Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium Among Post-Menopausal Women in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinita Subramanya ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Pamela Ouyang ◽  
Wendy Ying ◽  
Dhananjay Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Cardiac Ct ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Androgenic Hormone ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women. Sex differences in risk factors, prevalence and mortality suggest the involvement of sex hormones in disease processes. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression. CAC is prognostic of CVD risk, independent of traditional risk factors, even among low-risk women. We hypothesized that a more androgenic hormone pattern will predict CAC progression over 10 years in post-menopausal women. Methods: We studied 2759 post-menopausal women, aged 45-84 years, participating in MESA who underwent serum sex hormone measurement and a cardiac CT scan for CAC at baseline (2000-2002). Among these, 2427 women had up to 3 follow-up cardiac CT scans at subsequent visits spanning 10 years. CAC was assessed by Agatson units. CAC and sex hormones were log-transformed for analysis. Using multivariable-adjusted Poisson and linear mixed effects models, we tested the longitudinal associations of testosterone (T), free T, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), estradiol (E2), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) with prevalent CAC and progression of CAC over 10 years. Results: At baseline, average age was 65 years, 46% had prevalent CAC and 32% were using hormone therapy (HT). Cross-sectionally, there were no associations between sex hormones and prevalent CAC. After adjustment for demographics, lifestyle factors and use of HT, higher levels of free T and lower levels of SHBG were associated with an increase in CAC progression over 10 years ( Table, Model 2). These associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for potential mediating cardiovascular risk factors (Model 3) and in sensitivity analyses excluding women on HT. Conclusion: A more androgenic hormone profile of higher free T and lower SHBG is associated with a greater CAC progression over 10 years in post-menopausal women. Sex hormone levels may help identify women at increased CVD risk who may benefit from other risk reduction strategies.

Abstract P012: Association Between Testosterone And Sex Hormone Binding Globulin And Risk Of Ischemic Stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin A Northuis ◽  
Erin Michos ◽  
Christie M Ballantyne ◽  
Ron C Hoogeveen ◽  
Pamela L Lutsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: Sex hormones are associated with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other stroke risk factors; however, studies on sex hormones and stroke risk report inconsistent results. We assessed the associations of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) with risk of ischemic stroke among men and post-menopausal women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Methods: A total of 4,349 men and 4,720 post-menopausal women who had SHBG and total testosterone measurements at visit 4 (1996-98) were followed through 2018 for the development of ischemic stroke. We examined log transformed SHBG and testosterone exposure as quartiles and as per 1 SD increment. We used Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) for ischemic stroke, adjusting for demographic, behavioral and clinical variables. Analyses were stratified by sex and menopausal hormone therapy (HT) use. Results: Participants were aged 63±6 years at baseline, 52% were women (25% HT users), and 21% Black. There were 691 strokes over a median follow-up of 19.8 years. Mean log SHBG (nmol/L) and testosterone (nmol/L) were 4.3±0.7 and 3.1±0.5 for HT users, 3.6±0.7 and 3.2±0.5 for non-HT users, and 3.4±0.5 and 6.2±0.5 for men. Quartile 1 vs Q4 for SHBG and testosterone were ≤50.3 vs >121 and ≤16 vs >28 in HT users, ≤23.3 vs >55 and ≤17.9 vs >32.7 in non-HT users, and ≤23.3 vs >41.8 and ≤388 vs >657 in men. SHBG and testosterone were not significantly associated with stroke in any group (Figure). The HRs [95% confidence interval] for highest to lowest SHBG and testosterone quartiles were 1.04 [0.51-2.14] and 1.64 [0.85-3.17] in HT-users, 1.02 [0.70-1.48] and 1.16 [0.83-1.62] in HT non-users, and 0.96 [0.70-1.32] and 0.87 [0.63-1.21] in men, respectively. The HRs for stroke associated with 1 SD increase in SHBG and testosterone were 1.14 [0.88-1.46] and 1.19 [0.96-1.46] in HT users. Associations were also null among non-HT users and men. Conclusion: SHBG and testosterone were not associated with ischemic stroke risk in this cohort of older men and post-menopausal women.

Serum sex hormones in men occupationally exposed to dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro ethane (DDT) as young adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Cocco ◽  
A Loviselli ◽  
D Fadda ◽  
A Ibba ◽  
M Melis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Serum Hormone

To explore endocrine effects in relation to para,para'-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro ethylene (p,p'-DDE) body burden and past occupational exposure to its precursor dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro ethane (DDT), we assayed serum sex hormones, including serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 17beta-estradiol (E2), testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and p,p'-DDE levels in 107 male participants in a 1946-1950 anti-malarial campaign in Sardinia, Italy. Cumulative DDT exposure during the anti-malarial operations was retrospectively estimated from detailed reports of the anti-malarial agency. Ortho,para-DDE, and its precursor ortho,para-DDT were always below the detection limit. p,p'-DDT was detected in 14/107 subjects, and p,p'-DDE in 106/107 subjects. The median lipid-adjusted p,p'-DDE serum concentration over the total study population was 396 parts per billion (interquartile range 157-1045), and it did not vary according to the job at the time of anti-malarial operations, nor was it affected by cumulative DDT exposure. LH, FSH, and SHBG, but not testosterone or E2, showed a significant positive correlation with age. Neither current serum p,p'-DDE nor past cumulative DDT exposure affected sex hormone concentrations. Our results suggest that (1) the low current p,p'-DDE serum concentration does not affect serum hormone levels, and (2) past cumulative DDT exposure is not correlated with the current p,p'-DDE serum level, nor does it show persistent effects on serum hormone levels.

scholarly journals Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sex Hormones Among 6- to 19-Year-Old Children and Adolescents in NHANES 2015–2016

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxia Ma ◽  
Ruiqiang Li ◽  
Wenqiang Zhan ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yutian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Inflammatory Index

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and sex steroids in children (6-11 years old) and adolescents (12-19 years old) in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015–2016.MethodsParticipants between the ages of 6-19 have 24-hour dietary intake data, serum sex hormones [total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2)], and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) available data (n = 1382). The free androgen index (FAI) is calculated as TT divided by SHBG and the ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2). The constructed puberty state is defined as high levels of steroid hormones (TT≥50 ng/dL in men, E2≥20 pg/ml in women) or onset of menarche. Multiple linear regression analysis was stratified by gender-age and gender-pubertal status groups to evaluate the association between DII and sex hormone levels.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, the association between consecutive DII and sex hormone indicators by gender and age group. In male adolescents, DII was always negatively associated with TT (P-trend = 0.09), FAI (P-trend = 0.03) and E2 (P-trend = 0.01), and monotonically positively associated with SHBG (P-trend = 0.02).In female adolescents, with the increase of DII, a significant positive correlation with SHBG was observed (β 0.017, 95%CI: 0.009,0.053) (Table 3). Among female adolescents, a significant negative association between DII and TT and a significant positive association between SHBG were observed in this group. Moreover, DII was positively associated with SHBG of prepubertal males and negatively associated with FAI of prepubertal females.ConclusionsDII was associated with decreased levels of certain sex steroid hormones (TT, FAI, and E2) and increased levels of SHBG in adolescents or pubertal individuals, with the associations presenting somewhat sex-dependent pattern. However, there is little evidence that there is a significant association in children or prepubertal children. Further research needs to be carried out to verify our results.

scholarly journals Endogenous sex hormones in men aged 40-80 years

2003 ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Muller ◽  
I den Tonkelaar ◽  
JH Thijssen ◽  
DE Grobbee ◽  
YT van der Schouw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Life Style ◽  
General Health ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
General Health Status

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between aging, life-style factors and health-related factors and endogenous sex hormone levels. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of 400 independently living men between 40 and 80 Years of age. METHODS: After exclusion of subjects who were not physically or mentally able to visit the study center, 400 men were randomly selected from a population-based sample. Total testosterone (TT), bioavailable testosterone (BT) (i.e. not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)), SHBG, estradiol (E(2)) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) were investigated for their relationship with age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, smoking, physical activity and general health status. Multivariate models using ANCOVA analyses were used to examine the contribution of life-style factors to sex hormone variability. RESULTS: TT, BT and DHEA-S decreased with age; 0.2, 0.7 and 1.2%/Year respectively. SHBG showed an increase with age of 1.1%/Year. No changes with age were found for E(2). General health status modified the association of TT and SHBG with age (P interaction 0.10 and 0.002 respectively). Increased BMI and waist circumference were associated with decreased TT, BT, SHBG and DHEA-S and increased E(2) (all P<0.01). Current smoking, lower alcohol intake and a higher physical activity score were associated with higher TT and SHBG levels. CONCLUSION: This study showed the important determinants of sex hormones were age, BMI, waist circumference, smoking, general health status and physical activity. Furthermore, it can be concluded that general health status modified the effect between sex hormones and age. For future observational studies it should be taken into account that the above-mentioned determinants may alter the association between sex hormones and diseases and related conditions.

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