scholarly journals Cue Validity and Object-Based Attention

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun He ◽  
Silu Fan ◽  
Ke Zhou ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Selective Attention ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Cue Validity ◽  
Object Based ◽  
The Relationship

In a previous study, Egly, Driver, and Rafal (1994) observed both space-and object-based components of visual selective attention. However, the mechanisms underlying these two components and the relationship between them are not well understood. In the present research, with a similar paradigm, these issues were addressed by manipulating cue validity. Behavioral results indicated the presence of both space-and object-based components under high cue validity, similar to the results of Egly et al.'s study. In addition, under low cue validity, the space-based component was absent, whereas the object-based component was maintained. Further event-related potential results demonstrated an object-based effect at a sensory level over the posterior areas of brain, and a space-based effect over the anterior region. The present data suggest that the space-and object-based components reflect mainly voluntary and reflexive mechanisms, respectively.

Covert Orienting in the Split Brain Reveals Hemispheric Specialization for Object-Based Attention

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Egly ◽  
Robert Rafal ◽  
Jon Driver ◽  
Yves Starrveveld
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Visual Selective Attention ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Split Brain ◽  
Object Based

Theories in cognitive science have debated whether visual selective attention is a space-based or object-based process To investigate this issue, we applied a new experimental paradigm that permits the simultaneous measurement of both space-based and object-based attention to a split-brain patient with disconnected cerebral hemispheres The data demonstrate both space-based and object-based components to the allocation of attention, and reveal that the two processes have different neural substrates These findings are related to previous research on split-brain and unilateral parietal patients

Cannabis with high Δ9-THC contents affects perception and visual selective attention acutely: An event-related potential study

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.B.E. Böcker ◽  
J. Gerritsen ◽  
C.C. Hunault ◽  
M. Kruidenier ◽  
Tj.T. Mensinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Selective Attention ◽  
Potential Study

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESPONSIBILITY AND ATTENTION DEFICITS CHARACTERISTIC OF OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PHENOMENA

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Pleva ◽  
Tracey D. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Visual Selective Attention ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Of Everyday Attention

Attention deficits and inflated perceptions of responsibility have been identified as characteristics of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study examined the relative importance of responsibility and attention in predicting non-clinical levels of obsessionality. Three hundred Australian university students were screened using the Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and students who scored in the top and bottom 10% of the distribution were selected for participation. The selected participants completed the Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS) and the Test of Everyday Attention (TEA), along with measures of trait-anxiety and depression. High MOCI scorers exhibited a greater perception of responsibility, and poorer overall attention than low MOCI scorers. These differences remained significant after controlling for trait-anxiety and depression. Logistic regression analyses revealed that responsibility was a stronger predictor of non-clinical obsessionality than was attention. Moreover, attention did not make a significant contribution to the prediction of obsessionality once responsibility had been controlled. Correlations between responsibility and TEA visual selective attention subtests remained significant after controlling for obsessionality. These findings suggest that measures of attention (particularly measures of visual selective attention) may be confounded by responsibility attitudes, thus highlighting the importance of controlling for meta-cognitive variables such as responsibility when investigating attention in OCD.

Sensory and Cognitive Components of Auditory Processing in Individuals With Tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Harini Vasudevan ◽  
Hari Prakash Palaniswamy ◽  
Ramaswamy Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Related Potentials

Purpose The main purpose of the study is to explore the auditory selective attention abilities (using event-related potentials) and the neuronal oscillatory activity in the default mode network sites (using electroencephalogram [EEG]) in individuals with tinnitus. Method Auditory selective attention was measured using P300, and the resting state EEG was assessed using the default mode function analysis. Ten individuals with continuous and bothersome tinnitus along with 10 age- and gender-matched control participants underwent event-related potential testing and 5 min of EEG recording (at wakeful rest). Results Individuals with tinnitus were observed to have larger N1 and P3 amplitudes along with prolonged P3 latency. The default mode function analysis revealed no significant oscillatory differences between the groups. Conclusion The current study shows changes in both the early sensory and late cognitive components of auditory processing. The change in the P3 component is suggestive of selective auditory attention deficit, and the sensory component (N1) suggests an altered bottom-up processing in individuals with tinnitus.

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