scholarly journals Multiscale examination of cytoarchitectonic similarity and human brain connectivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbin Wei ◽  
Lianne H. Scholtens ◽  
Elise Turk ◽  
Martijn P. van den Heuvel

The human brain comprises an efficient communication network, with its macroscale connectome organization argued to be directly associated with the underlying microscale organization of the cortex. Here, we further examine this link in the human brain cortex by using the ultrahigh-resolution BigBrain dataset; 11,660 BigBrain profiles of laminar cell structure were extracted from the BigBrain data and mapped to the MRI based Desikan–Killiany atlas used for macroscale connectome reconstruction. Macroscale brain connectivity was reconstructed based on the diffusion-weighted imaging dataset from the Human Connectome Project and cross-correlated to the similarity of laminar profiles. We showed that the BigBrain profile similarity between interconnected cortical regions was significantly higher than those between nonconnected regions. The pattern of BigBrain profile similarity across the entire cortex was also found to be strongly correlated with the pattern of cortico-cortical connectivity at the macroscale. Our findings suggest that cortical regions with higher similarity in the laminar cytoarchitectonic patterns have a higher chance of being connected, extending the evidence for the linkage between macroscale connectome organization and microscale cytoarchitecture.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12181
Author(s):  
Guido Santos ◽  
Mario Díaz

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by abnormal functioning of critical physiological processes in nerve cells and aberrant accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain. The initial cause remains elusive—the only unquestionable risk factor for the most frequent variant of the disease is age. Lipid rafts are microdomains present in nerve cell membranes and they are known to play a significant role in the generation of hallmark proteinopathies associated to AD, namely senile plaques, formed by aggregates of amyloid β peptides. Recent studies have demonstrated that human brain cortex lipid rafts are altered during early neuropathological phases of AD as defined by Braak and Braak staging. The lipid composition and physical properties of these domains appear altered even before clinical symptoms are detected. Here, we use a coarse grain molecular dynamics mathematical model to predict the dimensional evolution of these domains using the experimental data reported by our group in human frontal cortex. The model predicts significant size and frequency changes which are detectable at the earliest neuropathological stage (ADI/II) of Alzheimer’s disease. Simulations reveal a lower number and a larger size in lipid rafts from ADV/VI, the most advanced stage of AD. Paralleling these changes, the predictions also indicate that non-rafts domains undergo simultaneous alterations in membrane peroxidability, which support a link between oxidative stress and AD progression. These synergistic changes in lipid rafts dimensions and non-rafts peroxidability are likely to become part of a positive feedback loop linked to an irreversible amyloid burden and neuronal death during the evolution of AD neuropathology.


1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Renkawek ◽  
G.C.G.M. Bosman ◽  
F.P.A. van Workum ◽  
W.J. de Grip ◽  
F.J.M. Gabreëls

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpad Dobolyi ◽  
Attila Bago ◽  
Miklos Palkovits ◽  
Natalia S. Nemeria ◽  
Frank Jordan ◽  
...  

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer P. Harland ◽  
Rhoda E. Kuc ◽  
John D. Pickard ◽  
Anthony P. Davenport

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Frenkel ◽  
Daniel S. Duch ◽  
Bernd W. Urban

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Hackler ◽  
Michael E. Carey ◽  
Abba J. Kastin

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