Smearing behaviour of male Leptonycteris curasoae (Chiroptera) and female responses to the odour of dorsal patches

Abstract A lack of toxicity data quantifying responses of Australian native mammals to agricultural pesticides prompted an investigation into the sensitivity of the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura (Gould 1845) to the insecticide, fipronil (5-amino-3-cyano-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-trifluoromethylsulfinyl pyrazole, CAS No. 120068-37-3). Using the Up-And-Down method for determining acute oral toxicity in mammals, derived by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), median lethal dose estimates of 990 mg kg− 1 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 580.7–4770.0 mg kg− 1) and 270.4 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 0.0 - >20000.0 mg kg− 1) were resolved for male and female S. macroura respectively. The difference between median lethal dose estimates for males and females may have been influenced by the increased age of two female dunnarts. Further modelling of female responses to fipronil doses used the following assumptions: (a) death at 2000 mg kg− 1, (b) survival at 500 mg kg− 1 and (c) a differential response (both survival and death) at 990 mg kg− 1. This modelling revealed median lethal dose estimates for female S. macroura of 669.1 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 550–990 mg kg− 1; assuming death at 990 mg kg− 1) and 990 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 544.7–1470 mg kg− 1; assuming survival at 990 mg kg− 1). These median lethal dose estimates are 3–10-fold higher than the only available LD50 value for a similarly sized eutherian mammal, Mus musculus (L. 1758; 94 mg kg− 1) and that available for Rattus norvegicus (Birkenhout 1769; 97 mg kg− 1). Implications for pesticide risk assessments in Australia are discussed.

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Roosting Behaviour and Time Budgets of the CuraÇAoan Long-Nosed Bat, Leptonycteris curasoae (Phyllostomatidae, Glossophaginae) in Captivity

Acta Chiropterologica ◽

10.3161/15081109acc2020.22.2.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ariany M. García-Rawlins ◽

Jafet M. Nassar ◽

Zaida Tárano

Keyword(s):

Time Budgets ◽

Leptonycteris Curasoae ◽

In Captivity

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Understanding the Mommy Tracks in the IT Workforce

Encyclopedia of Gender and Information Technology ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-815-4.ch186 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1178-1183

Author(s):

Jeria L. Quesenberry ◽

Eileen M. Trauth

Keyword(s):

Maternity Leave ◽

Family Balance ◽

Women's Participation ◽

It Workforce ◽

Family Issues ◽

Work Family Balance ◽

Work Family ◽

The Individual ◽

Female Responses ◽

Gender And It

Despite the recent growth in the number of women in the American labor force, women are under represented in the IT workforce. Key among the factors that account for this under representation is balancing work-family issues. Some researchers have speculated that IT work is not an ideal fit for working mothers because of long work hours, increased conflicts with family responsibilities, and the difficulty of returning after maternity leave to an industry with ever evolving technologies (Kuosa, 2000; Webster, 1996). This article reports on an empirical study that explored the influence of work-family balance on American women’s participation in the IT workforce by using the Individual Differences Theory of Gender and IT (Trauth, 2002; Trauth, Quesenberry, & Morgan, 2004; Trauth, Huang, Morgan, Quesenberry, & Yeo, 2006). In doing so, we summarize a work-family balance study presented in greater detail in Quesenberry, Morgan, and Trauth (2004) and Quesenberry, Trauth, and Morgan (2006) that articulates the ways in which individual and environmental factors influence female responses to issues of work-family balance.

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Seasonal distribution of the long-nosed bat (Leptonycteris curasoae) in North America: does a generalized migration pattern really exist?

Journal of Biogeography ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00354.x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1065-1077 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Alberto Rojas-Martínez ◽

Alfonso Valiente-Banuet ◽

María del Coro Arizmendi ◽

Ariel Alcántara-Eguren ◽

Héctor T. Arita

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Seasonal Distribution ◽

Migration Pattern ◽

Leptonycteris Curasoae

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Female mice respond to male ultrasonic ‘songs’ with approach behaviour

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2009.0317 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 589-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

K. Hammerschmidt ◽

K. Radyushkin ◽

H. Ehrenreich ◽

J. Fischer

Keyword(s):

Male Mouse ◽

Experimental Situation ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽

Male Mice ◽

Playback Experiments ◽

Female Mice ◽

And Function ◽

Female Responses ◽

Artificial Control

The ultrasonic vocalizations of mice are attracting increasing attention, because they have been recognized as an informative readout in genetically modified strains. In addition, the observation that male mice produce elaborate sequences of ultrasonic vocalizations (‘song’) when exposed to female mice or their scents has sparked a debate as to whether these sounds are—in terms of their structure and function—analogous to bird song. We conducted playback experiments with cycling female mice to explore the function of male mouse songs. Using a place preference design, we show that these vocalizations elicited approach behaviour in females. In contrast, the playback of whistle-like artificial control sounds did not evoke approach responses. Surprisingly, the females also did not respond to pup isolation calls. In addition, female responses did not vary in relation to reproductive cycle, i.e. whether they were in oestrus or not. Furthermore, our data revealed a rapid habituation of subjects to the experimental situation, which stands in stark contrast to other species' responses to courtship vocalizations. Nevertheless, our results clearly demonstrate that male mouse songs elicit females' interest.

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