Suppressive effects of composts against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on tomato

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oka ◽  
Uri Yermiyahu
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Grape Marc ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Cattle Manure Compost

AbstractSuppressive effects of two composts, from cattle manure and grape marc, on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica were tested in pot and in vitro experiments. No root galls were found on tomato roots grown in soils containing 10 or 25% (v/v) cattle manure compost, and very few on those grown in 50% grape marc compost. Significant reductions in galling index were also found on tomato plants grown in soils containing lower concentrations of this compost. Chemical analysis of the composts and leachates from the soils showed that the cattle manure compost had higher electrical conductivity (EC) and higher concentrations of nitrogen, especially N–NH4, than the grape marc compost. Water extract of the cattle manure compost showed high nematicidal activity to the nematode juveniles and less activity toward the eggs in vitro. Water extract of the grape marc compost showed weaker nematicidal activity to the juveniles and eggs. Washing composted soils with excess water before nematode inoculation and tomato planting led to better plant growth, but the nematode-suppressive effect was decreased. These results suggest that high nitrogen concentrations, especially N–NH4, and high EC values contribute to the nematode suppressiveness of the composts.

Nematicidal activity of essential oil components against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oka
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Shoot Weight

AbstractNematicidal activity of eight essential oil components; trans -anethole, anis alcohol, p-anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 4-methoxyphenol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, (R)-(+)-pulegone, 2-furaldehyde, and a non-essential oil component anisole, was tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in solutions in 200-ml and 3-l pots and in microplots. Among the anisole derivatives, p-anisaldehyde showed the highest nematicidal activity in solutions and in soil. However, trans-cinnamaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde and benzaldehyde showed higher nematicidal activity than p-anisaldehyde in the 3-l pot experiments. EC50 values of trans-cinnamaldehyde for juvenile immobilisation and hatching inhibition in vitro were as low as 15 and 11.3 μl/l, respectively. In the 3-l pot experiments, trans-cinnamaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, benzaldehyde and carvacrol at a concentration of 100 mg/kg greatly reduced the root galling of tomato, whereas trans-anethole was not effective. In a microplot experiment, soil treatment with trans-cinnamaldehyde (50 ml/m2) reduced the galling index and increased the shoot weight of tomato plants. Although further experiments, such as development of formulations and application methods, are needed, some essential oil components, especially aldehydes, can be developed into lowtoxicity nematicides.

Assessing the agronomic and environmental effects of the application of cattle manure compost on soil by multivariate methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (13) ◽  
pp. 5763-5772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Victoria Gil ◽  
Luis Fernando Calvo ◽  
Daniel Blanco ◽  
Marta Elena Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Cattle Manure Compost

Growth of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria in Cattle Manure Compost under Various Temperatures and Ammonia Concentrations

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryu Oishi ◽  
Chika Tada ◽  
Ryoki Asano ◽  
Nozomi Yamamoto ◽  
Yoshihisa Suyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Archaea ◽  
Cattle Manure Compost

scholarly journals Biological Control of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sharon ◽  
M. Bar-Eyal ◽  
I. Chet ◽  
A. Herrera-Estrella ◽  
O. Kleifeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments

The fungal biocontrol agent, Trichoderma harzianum, was evaluated for its potential to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. In greenhouse experiments, root galling was reduced and top fresh weight increased in nematode-infected tomatoes following soil pretreatment with Trichoderma peat-bran preparations. The use of a proteinase Prb1-transformed line (P-2) that contains multiple copies of this gene improved biocontrol activity in the greenhouse experiments compared with the nontransformed wild-type strain (WT). All the Trichoderma strains showed the ability to colonize M. javanica-separated eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) in sterile in vitro assays, whereas P-2 also penetrated the egg masses. This protease-transformed line presented the same nematicidal and overall proteolytic activity as the WT in in vitro tests in which concentrated soil extracts from Trichoderma-treated soils immobilized the infective J2. However, the J2 immobilization and proteolytic activities of both P-2 and the WT were higher than those obtained with strain T-203. Characterization of the activity of all Trichoderma strains soil extracts on J2 showed that it was heat resistant and restricted to the low-molecular-weight fraction (less than 3 kDa). It is suggested that improved proteolytic activity of the antagonist may be important for the biological control of the nematodes.

Biocontrol potential of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, causing disease in tomato

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Seong Lee ◽  
Muhammad Anees ◽  
Hae Nam Hyun ◽  
Kil Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid

Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 is an antagonistic bacterial strain that was previously isolated from the rhizosphere soil of pepper and showed an enhanced ability to produce lytic enzymes as well as an antibiotic that was identified as 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPAA). In the present study, nematicidal activity of the strain and 4-HPAA against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, causing disease in tomato was investigated in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. For this purpose, adding different concentrations of culture filtrate, crude extract collected from extraction with ethyl acetate and 4-HPAA, in 24-well plates containing ca 500 eggs or 300 second-stage juveniles (J2), significantly decreased the rate of nematode hatch and caused higher mortality of J2 compared with the control treatments. Nematicidal activity of the bacterial strain was further confirmed by conducting pot experiments in which tomato plants were inoculated with M. incognita and the HS124 culture (BC). The control pots were treated with commercial nematicide (CN, 5% Ethoprophos), tap water (TW) or the non-inoculated bacterial culture medium (BCM). In these pot experiments, results demonstrated a strong antagonistic potential of L. antibioticus HS124 against M. incognita where the disease was significantly reduced in the pots treated with BC as compared to TW or BCM. Furthermore, the shoot fresh weight was also increased significantly, which may be attributed to the disease control ability of the strain. Hence, L. antibioticus HS124 may be further developed as a potential biocontrol of root knot nematode in the field.

scholarly journals αβ-Dehydrocurvularin isolated from the fungus Aspergillus welwitschiae effectively inhibited the behaviour and development of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao xiang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Shi-Ming Liu ◽  
Ya-Fei Huang ◽  
Ling-An Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Compound ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Gall Index

Abstract Background: The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola has become a serious threat to rice production as a result of the cultivation changes from transplanting to direct seeding. The nematicidal activity of Aspergillus welwitschiae have been investigated in vitro , and the disease control efficacy of the active compound has been evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions. Results: The active compound αβ-dehydrocurvularin (αβ-DC), isolated by nematicidal assay-directed fractionation, showed significant nematicidal activity against M. graminicola , with an median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) value of 122.2 μg mL −1 . αβ-DC effectively decreased the attraction of rice roots to nematodes and the infection of nematodes and also suppressed the development of nematodes under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, αβ-DC efficiently reduced the root gall index under field conditions. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the nematicidal activity of αβ-DC against M. graminicola . The results obtained under greenhouse and field conditions provide a basis for developing commercial formulations from αβ-DC to control M. graminicola in the future. Keywords: Meloidogyne graminicola ; αβ-dehydrocurvularin; nematicidal activity; attractiveness; development; behaviour

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document