The responses of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in the lungs of Rana ridibunda to different experimental conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Füsun Öztay
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Rana Ridibunda ◽  
Secretory Material ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

AbstractThe study investigated the localisation and immunohistochemistry of neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) and their behaviour in the lungs of Rana ridibunda under experimental conditions and compared with control lungs. Serotonin- and bombesin-immunoreactive (IR) PNECs were observed as solitary cells or clusters of cells at the base of ciliated epithelium on the dilated apical parts of primary septa where incoming air first arrives, and in the respiratory epithelium. Serotonin-IR PNECs were predominantly present in the ciliated epithelium while bombesin-IR PNECs were found in the ciliated and respiratory epithelium. Additionally, bombesin-IR nerve fibres were found in the epithelium and among smooth muscle cells in the connective tissue. In frogs kept in a dry aquarium, serotonin- and bombesin-IR PNECs were characterised by various stages of secretion. Serotonin-IR PNECs released most of their secretory material, while bombesin-IR PNECs were stimulated for secretion. Moreover, bombesin secretions were raised. In conclusion, the cells were identified as members of the pulmonary epithelial endocrine system and can contribute to the pulmonary biology through a paracrine/endocrine pathway in the lungs of R. ridibunda.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells, Airway Innervation, and Smooth Muscle Are Altered in Cftr Null Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Pan ◽  
Catherine Luk ◽  
Geraldine Kent ◽  
Ernest Cutz ◽  
Herman Yeger
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

scholarly journals Cell-autonomous immune gene expression is repressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and small cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Cai ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Fang Huang ◽  
Junya Fujimoto ◽  
Luc Girard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is classified as a high-grade neuroendocrine (NE) tumor, but a subset of SCLC has been termed “variant” due to the loss of NE characteristics. In this study, we computed NE scores for patient-derived SCLC cell lines and xenografts, as well as human tumors. We aligned NE properties with transcription factor-defined molecular subtypes. Then we investigated the different immune phenotypes associated with high and low NE scores. We found repression of immune response genes as a shared feature between classic SCLC and pulmonary neuroendocrine cells of the healthy lung. With loss of NE fate, variant SCLC tumors regain cell-autonomous immune gene expression and exhibit higher tumor-immune interactions. Pan-cancer analysis revealed this NE lineage-specific immune phenotype in other cancers. Additionally, we observed MHC I re-expression in SCLC upon development of chemoresistance. These findings may help guide the design of treatment regimens in SCLC.

The Staining of Nervous Elements by the Bodian Method

1962 ◽  
Vol s3-103 (63) ◽  
pp. 297-310
Author(s):  
TERRY WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
End Point ◽  
Pilot Trials ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Muscle Nerve ◽  
Impregnation Time ◽  
Time Required

In paraffin sections of tissues containing much smooth muscle, nerve-fibres are difficult to demonstrate by silver techniques. In pilot trials Bodian's activated protargol technique proved most promising for stomach sections. From a fixed Bodian-type schedule, the effects of variation in pH, time, and temperature of impregnation were studied separately and together. These experiments provided means of determining optimal levels for some of the variables in the process. The impregnation time required for optimal staining varies according to the temperature and initial pH. Stirring, or agitation of the slides, at intervals of a few hours has been found to be a valuable aid to even staining, and if this has been done it is possible to use the stage of clearing of the fluid as an end-point indicator.

Maternal Smoking and Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-672
Author(s):  
Ernest Cutz ◽  
Donald G. Perrin ◽  
Richard Hackman ◽  
Elinor N. Czegledy-Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Airway Epithelium ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Neuroepithelial Bodies ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

Background. Maternal smoking is a well-recognized risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), but the precise mechanism is unknown. We tested a hypothesis that maternal smoking affects pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) and neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs), which are innervated PNEC clusters and presumed airway chemoreceptors. Methods. Lung sections from infants who died of SIDS and whose mothers smoked during pregnancy (n = 22), infants who died of SIDS and whose mothers were nonsmokers (n = 17), and age-matched control infants (n = 15) who died of other causes were immunostained for bombesin (a PNEC and NEB marker) and assessed morphometrically. Results. The frequency of PNEC (the percentage of airway epithelium immunoreactive for bombesin) was increased up to twofold in the lungs of infants who died of SIDS (7.7 ± 0.4%) compared with controls (4.9 ± 0.4%), as was the frequency (40 ± 3.5 vs 23 ± 3.7/cm2) and size (748 ± 46.5 vs 491 ± 25.8,µm2) of NEBs. In infants who died of SIDS and who were born to smoking mothers, PNEC frequency was increased significantly compared with that in those born to nonsmoking mothers, but the frequency and size of NEBs were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that maternal smoking potentiates hyperplasia of the PNEC system in the lungs of infants who die of SIDS and that a dysfunction of these cells may contribute to the pathophysiology of SIDS.

Neuroendocrine tumour markers

2011 ◽  
pp. 897-900
Author(s):  
R. Ramachandran ◽  
W. Dhillo
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Parathyroid Tissue ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Tumour Marker ◽  
Tumour Markers ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Diffuse Endocrine System

Neuroendocrine cells occur either singly or in small groups in a variety of tissues and organs. Although morphologically and embryologically diverse, they are characterized by a number of unifying features. They have dense core secretory vesicles in the cytoplasm and hormone receptors on the cell membranes. There is evidence of prohormone activity within the cells and they synthesize, store, and secrete hormones. In addition, neuroendocrine cells possess an ability to take up and decarboxylate amine precursors. Components of this diffuse endocrine system are particularly prominent in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, C cells of the thyroid, adrenal medulla, parathyroid tissue, respiratory tract, skin, and genitourinary system. Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are known to occur in all these tissues. Historically, the diagnosis of NET was made on the basis of characteristic histological findings. The significantly worse prognosis in advanced disease and the availability of multiple therapeutic options have highlighted the need for robust tumour markers that can be used both for diagnosis and follow-up. Currently, a number of normal and abnormal forms of peptides, biogenic amines, and hormones, secreted by NETs, are routinely measured as markers of disease. An ideal tumour marker would be one that is secreted exclusively by the tumour cells and is useful (1) for screening and differential diagnosis of NETs; (2) as a prognostic indicator; (3) as an estimate of tumour burden; and (4) as a surveillance tool. Although none of the currently available markers completely fits the paradigm for an ideal tumour marker, when measured in conjunction with each other, they are useful not only for making a diagnosis but also for monitoring response to therapy and in surveillance post-remission.

Progesterone receptor isoform B expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells decreases cell proliferation

2019 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teeranut Asavasupreechar ◽  
Ryoko Saito ◽  
Dean P. Edwards ◽  
Hironobu Sasano ◽  
Viroj Boonyaratanakornkit
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Isoform B
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