The Expressive Value of Prosecuting Aged Defendants: A Rebuke of Ageism

Author(s):  
Kirsten J. Fisher

Abstract A common normative justification for criminal trials is their expressive value. The prosecution of aged defendants, especially those with deteriorating health, seemingly presents new expressive challenges, where the value of judging and punishing past wrongs seems to conflict with sympathies for the elderly, the seeming futility of prosecuting individuals who are unlikely to serve much of a sentence if convicted, and the seeming cruelty of putting the frail/ill through lengthy and taxing trials. Drawing from philosophical literature on respect for persons and the morality of aged-based differential treatment, this paper argues that deciding not to prosecute would be a communicative disservice to the old—defendants, living victims and those left behind, and other aged individuals within a society—by treating the aged as less agentic or as if their past lives and past actions, admirable or detestable, should no longer be associated with them, nor praised or condemned.

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Damodaran Rajasenan ◽  
M. S. Jayakumar ◽  
Bijith George Abraham

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to link the multifarious problems of the elderly in a socio-economic and psychological framework. Design/methodology/approach – The universe of the sample is elderly left behind in emigrant households in Kerala. In total, 600 samples were mustered using multistage stratified random sampling method. The paper, with the aid of factor analysis, χ2 and correspondence analysis, blemish the principal factors responsible for the migration-induced exclusion of the elderly. Findings – The empirical result derived from the study shows that migration-induced exclusion is all pervasive in Kerala. The elderly left behind yearn for the presence of their children rather than the emigration and concomitant remittances. Research limitations/implications – The findings of the study are helpful to the policy makers to understand the issues faced by the elderly and include all stakeholders concerned to find a solution to tackle these problems faced by the elderly due to emigration of their children. Practical implications – The study is practically relevant in developing appropriate policy framework in Kerala as it illumines the role of the government to overcome the exclusionary trend and other manifold problems of the elderly. Social implications – The study sheds light to a new social problem developing in the state in the form of elderly exclusion owing to emigration of the young working groups in regional dimensions, demographic levels, community angles and the emerging culture of old age home in the Kerala economy and society. Originality/value – The study is a unique one and tries to situate the principal factors responsible for the emigration-induced exclusion of the elderly in Kerala with empirical evidence.


Author(s):  
Vincent Grégoire

Meursault from L’Étranger, and “Elle” from Hiroshima mon amour are tragic characters who, as if driven by an ancient fatum, have committed a crime, blood crime or crime of love, for which they must pay. While the first is accused of insensitivity and sentenced to death because justice sees him as a “moral monster”, the second is found guilty of “horizontal collaboration” and punished by “popular justice”. From then on, locked up in a cell for Meursault, or alternately in a room and a cellar for “Elle”, these two characters seek the faces and voices of past loves. The quest for these faces and voices from a bygone world which make the protagonists suffer by their absence will give way for Meursault and “Elle” to a state of peace that will allow them to come to terms with their past. While the first character, who has changed in prison, is going to rediscover his mother and finally understand her desire to reembrace life in the home for the elderly, the second character, “healed” by the Japanese, will finally find a sentimental balance.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Wei Zhang ◽  
Pan-Pan Lu ◽  
Ying-Juan Li ◽  
Guang-Chun Dai ◽  
Mu-Min Cao ◽  
...  

Currently, little is known regarding the association between dietary choline intake and osteoporosis in the elderly individuals, as well as if such intakes affect bone health and result in fractures....


1996 ◽  
pp. 243-261
Author(s):  
Benedicte Ingstad ◽  
Helge Brunborg ◽  
Frank J. Bruun

The paper presents demographic and social data from an in-depth study of the situation of elderly people in a village in Botswana. Botswana is undergoing rapid economic and social change and this change also affects the elderly part of the population. While younger people  migrate to urban areas, the elderly are to a large extent left behind in the villages, often with responsibility for caring tor small grandchildren. We found that the majority of elderly people in the study village are women. The educational level of the elderly people of both sexes is low but the majority have undergone the traditional initiation schools, Bojale and Bogwera. All households are influenced by modernization in that they need cash for survival. They depend to a large extent on the support of their grandchildren for survival, a support which is not always given.


PMLA ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-472
Author(s):  
Frances H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  

The Munich codex germanicus 6353 ends with the following words:Das gesilbent par / ist durch Hannsen Foltznvonn Wormbs Barbierern zu Nurmberggemacht vnnd gedichtet Jacoben BernhaubtSchwennter benant / jme jn grosser gunstvnnd liebe zugestellt / doch vmb sein darbe-zalunng vnnd ist jm 1496 Jarnngesunngen durch angezaigtennSchwentern auff der singeschulvmb ein klainoth / Es ist jmvnbekanten thon vndsaget von den sibenfryen kunst-en jtlich-erIr erfinder / Planeth / farb / methall (fol. Zr)To a casual reader these lines might seem to belong to the preceding poem in the MS., but a closer look proves this to be impossible. Indeed a seven-staved par such as described in the above lines is not to be found anywhere within the entire codex. In vain does one look in Mayer's edition of the MS. for some explanation. There the impression is added as if the lines were taken from the bottom of folio 168v, whereas actually they begin at the top of folio Zr and cover two-thirds of it, Apparently Mayer attached no significance to this fact, nor to the fact that blank folios follow the lines cited above (possibly because there are other blank folios scattered throughout the MS.), nor to the fact that the Schwennter referred to in the above “conclusion” is also mentioned in the Preface to the codex. He does, however, call attention to the very artistic handwriting of folios F, O, and Z, the folios which contain the prefatory material and the lines under consideration. Since the Preface states that Folz composed, wrote down, and then left behind him the poems in the MS. many years ago and that Jacob Bernhaubt Schwennter, named the Elder, likewise many years ago, spent much of his time singing and reading these same poems, and since the hand that made those statements also set down the final lines in Munich 6353, we may deduce that they were added after the death of Hans Folz. Even this small item has not been noted before, except for A. v. Keller's remark in his brief description of the Munich MS. that the closing lines, like the Preface, were von späterer hand. Rufold Henß, one of the investigators of Folz's style, appears to be the only scholar who saw something odd in the close of the Munich MS. Finding the words perplexing, he thought that they probably did not belong in that particular place and that they had been copied there by mistake. To date, therefore, no solution has been offered for this enigmatic ending.


2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Markovits
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
The City ◽  

In Knights, Aristophanes represents the dangers of parrhēsia run amuck with the near-destruction of an elderly man’s (Demos) Athenian household by Paphlagon (a stand-in for the Athenian politician Cleon). In this setting, Paphlagon’s invocations of his own parrhēsia and goodwill become a destructive form of flattery, causing chaos in the household and threatening its viability. This article begins with a discussion of the problem of parrhēsia in democratic Athens and the ways in which Cleon exemplified those problems. Moving to an examination of Aristophanes’ Knights, the author tracks the playwright’s exploration and response. Aristophanes uses the figure of the elderly Demos as a metaphor for the decline of the city, allowing him to both critique the demos and to align himself with it (as he presents his own anxieties about old age). Moreover, even as he must win the audience over in order to achieve the theatrical success he craves, Aristophanes removes himself from the perverse logic of dēmophilia-turned-pandering by claiming to be motivated not by goodwill for the audience, but by his hatred of Cleon, an enemy shared by both the playwright and the city.


1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Emmanuel Zelizer

Social Security has achieved a privileged status in American politics. As a result of the Social Security tax, supporters claim, recipients have not received unearned benefits, nor has Congress felt as if it were building a massive welfare state. Indeed, the Social Security tax system has legitimated the program in the minds of policy experts, politicians, and recipients. Through Social Security, the American state has forged a strong alliance with the elderly and their descendants, both with retirees who received cash payments and with working families who did not have to finance their parents' retirement years.


1976 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Jolley ◽  
Tom Arie

SummaryReported here is a cohort study of five years' bed usage in the Goodmayes Psychiatric Unit for Old People. Patients first admitted in 1970 continued to use beds, by readmission or by continuing stay, over the next four years; subsequent cohorts of admissions made correspondingly extended use of beds. Bed-usage by men appears now to have stabilized, whilst for women it is still rising.Over the first six years the bed complement was reduced by 40%, despite an increase in referrals of over 40%; this is because the Unit's style of work prevented newly admitted patients from accumulating in beds made available by deaths. It looks as if in future not only will patients who die be replaced by new female admissions but more beds will be needed for these admissions. The present bed-usage is just within the Government's recommended guidelines, and the local issues are considered in the context of national policy.


By analysing the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey in 2012 (VHLSS2012), which contained the data on remittances sent by the migrants to the households, the study discovered that internal migrants had a positive impact on poverty reduction and living conditions of the elderly left behind. Besides, the study also proved that the internal remittances made the income per capita distribution enlarge the inequality between the elderly household group receiving domestic remittances and the other groups. Although there were recently three consecutive surveys of 2014, 2016, and 2018, but these consisted of only the information on the migrant definition and had no precise details on remittance.


1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Eisdorfer ◽  
James H. Carter

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document