Systèmes De Classification Nominale En Asie Du Sud-Est : Les Différentes Fonctions Des Morphèmes Classificatoires

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Vittrant Alice ◽  
Mouton Léa
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Classification System ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
Nominal Classification ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Basic Semantic ◽  
Semantic Domains

Abstract This article focuses on classifiers, one system of the nominal classification domain which is found in Southeast Asian languages. One of the functions associated with classifiers is the categorization of the nominal lexicon according to the semantic characteristics of the referent. Unsurprisingly, classifiers in Southeast Asia are organized around the basic semantic domains of the different systems of nominal classification. Although the system of so-called ‘numeral’ classifiers, whose primary function is to quantify referents, is the best known and most widespread in Southeast Asia, classifiers can encode various functions according to the syntactic constructions in which they appear. In some languages, these morphemes compete with class terms, a second nominal classification system. Sometimes the same form may belong to several paradigms, thus recalling a well-known characteristic of South-East Asian languages: the polyfunctionalty of forms.

scholarly journals Areal Typology of Mainland Southeast Asia: What We Learn from the Wals Maps

MANUSYA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Comrie
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Area ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia ◽  
Dividing Line

Mainland Southeast Asia has long been recognized as a classic example of a linguistic area, but earlier characterizations of this language area have typically been intuitive, for instance providing seemingly impressive lists of features known to be shared by Mainland Southeast Asian languages but without considering a list of features on which these languages differ, without explicitly considering the extent to which the features in question are common or rare across the world as a whole. By using the maps in the World Atlas of Language Structures, it is possible to build up a more structured assessment of the extent to which Mainland Southeast Asia constitutes a linguistic area. Many maps show a clear delimitation between Mainland Southeast Asia and the rest of Eurasia, although the precise boundary varies from map to map, as does the presence and location of intermediate zones. The dividing line between Mainland Southeast Asia and Insular Southeast Asia is much less clear-cut, thus providing some evidence for a more general Southeast Asian linguistic area.

Functions of gender and numeral classifiers in Nepali

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allassonnière-Tang ◽  
Marcin Kilarski
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Complementary Distribution ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Nominal Classification ◽  
Discourse Functions

AbstractWe examine the complex nominal classification system in Nepali (Indo-European, Indic), a language spoken at the intersection of the Indo-European and Sino-Tibetan language families, which are usually associated with prototypical examples of grammatical gender and numeral classifiers, respectively. In a typologically rare pattern, Nepali possesses two gender systems based on the human/non-human and masculine/feminine oppositions, in addition to which it has also developed an inventory of at least ten numeral classifiers as a result of contact with neighbouring Sino-Tibetan languages. Based on an analysis of the lexical and discourse functions of the three systems, we show that their functional contribution involves a largely complementary distribution of workload with respect to individual functions as well as the type of categorized nouns and referents. The study thus contributes to the ongoing discussions concerning the typology and functions of nominal classification as well as the effects of long-term language contact on language structure.

scholarly journals The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 361 (6397) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh McColl ◽  
Fernando Racimo ◽  
Lasse Vinner ◽  
Fabrice Demeter ◽  
Takashi Gakuhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Human Genomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asian History

The human occupation history of Southeast Asia (SEA) remains heavily debated. Current evidence suggests that SEA was occupied by Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers until ~4000 years ago, when farming economies developed and expanded, restricting foraging groups to remote habitats. Some argue that agricultural development was indigenous; others favor the “two-layer” hypothesis that posits a southward expansion of farmers giving rise to present-day Southeast Asian genetic diversity. By sequencing 26 ancient human genomes (25 from SEA, 1 Japanese Jōmon), we show that neither interpretation fits the complexity of Southeast Asian history: Both Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers and East Asian farmers contributed to current Southeast Asian diversity, with further migrations affecting island SEA and Vietnam. Our results help resolve one of the long-standing controversies in Southeast Asian prehistory.

Book Reviews

1992 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-558
Author(s):  
Jet Bakels ◽  
Robert Layton ◽  
J.M.S. Baljon ◽  
Herman L. Beck ◽  
R.H. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Southeast Asian Studies ◽  
De Vries ◽  
East Asian Studies ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

- Jet Bakels, Robert Layton, The anthropology of art. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, 258 pp. - J.M.S. Baljon, Herman Leonard Beck, De Islam in Nederland: Romancing religion? [Inaugurele rede theologische faculteit Tilburg 14.2.1992.] Tilburg: Tilburg University Press 1992. - R.H. Barnes, J.D.M. Platenkamp, North Halmahera: Non-Austronesian Languages, Austronesian cultures?, Lecture presented to the Oosters Genootschap in Nederland at Leiden on 23 May 1989, Leiden: Oosters Genootschap in Nederland, 1990. 33 pp. - Hans Borkent, Directory of Southeast Asianists in the Pacific Northwest. Compiled by: Northwest Regional Consortium for Southeast Asian Studies. Seattle, WA: University of Washington [et al.], 1990. 108 pp. - Roy Ellen, Frans Hüsken, Cognation and social organization in Southeast Asia. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 145. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1991, 221 pp. figs. tables, index., Jeremy Kemp (eds.) - C. de Jonge, Huub J.W.M. Boelaars, Indonesianisasi. Het omvormingsproces van de katholieke kerk in Indonesië tot de Indonesische katholieke kerk, Kerk en Theologie in Context, 13, Kampen: Kok, 1991, ix + 472 pp. - Nico de Jonge, Gregory Forth, Space and place in eastern Indonesia, University of Kent at Canterbury, Centre of South-east Asian Studies (Occasional Paper no. 16) 1991. 85 pp., ills. - J. Kommers, Bernard Juillerat, Oedipe chasseur. Une mythologie du sujet en Nouvelle-Guinée, P.U.F., Le fil rouge, section 1 Psychanalyse. Paris, 1991. - Gerco Kroes, Signe Howell, Society and cosmos, the Chewong of Peninsular Malaysia, University of Chicago Press, 1989, xv + 294 pp. - Daniel S. Lev, S. Pompe, Indonesian Law 1949-1989: A bibliography of foreign-language materials with brief commentaries on the law, Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law and Administration in Non-Western Countries. Nijhoff, 1992. - A. M. Luyendijk-Elshout, H. den Hertog, De militair geneeskundige verzorging in Atjeh, 1873-1904. Amsterdam, Thesis Publishers, 1991. - G.E. Marrison, Wolfgang Marschall, The Rejang of South Sumatra. Hull: Centre for South-east Asian Studies, 1992, iii + 93 pp., ill. (Occasional Papers no. 19: special issue)., Michele Galizia, Thomas M. Psota (eds.) - Harry A. Poeze, Marijke Barend-van Haeften, Oost-Indie gespiegeld; Nicolaas de Graaff, een schrijvend chirurgijn in dienst van de VOC. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 1992, 279 pp. - Ratna Saptari, H. Claessen, Het kweekbed ontkiemd; Opstellen aangeboden aan Els Postel. Leiden: VENA, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RA., M. van den Engel, D. Plantenga (eds.) - Jerome Rousseau, James J. Fox, The heritage of traditional agriculture among the western Austronesians. Occasional paper of the department of Anthropology. Comparitive Austronesian Project. Research school of Pacific studies. Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 1992. 89 pp. - Oscar Salemink, Gehan Wijeyewardene, Ethnic groups acrss National boundaries in mainland Southeast Asia. Singapore 1990, Institute of Southeast Asian studies (Social issues in Southeast Asia series). x + 192 pp. - Henk Schulte Nordholt, U. Wikan, Managing turbulent hearts. A Balinese formula for living, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1990, xxvi + 343 pp. photos. - Mary Somers Heidhues, Claudine Salmon, Le moment ‘sino-malais’ de la litterature indonesienne. [Cahier d’Archipel 19.] Paris: Association Archipel, 1992. - Heather Sutherland, J.N.F.M. à Campo, Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij; Stoomvaart en staatsvorming in de Indonesische archipel 1888-1914, Hilversum: Verloren, (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Publikaties van de Faculteit der Historische en Kunstwetenschappen III), 1992, 756 pp., tables, graphics, photographs. - Gerard Termorshuizen, Robin W. Winks, Asia in Western fiction. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990. x + 229 pp., James R. Rush (eds.) - John Verhaar, Lourens de Vries, The morphology of Wambon of the Irian Jaya Upper-Digul area. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1992, xiv + 98 pp., Robinia de Vries-Wiersma (eds.) - Maria van Yperen, Cornelia N. Moore, Translation East and West: A cross-cultural approach, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. xxv + 259 pp., Lucy Lower (eds.) - Harvey Whitehouse, Klaus Neumann, Not the way it really was: constructing the Tolai past. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1992.

Southeast Asian Studies: Origins, Development, Future

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell H. Fifield
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Southeast Asian Studies ◽  
East Asian Studies

When the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was founded in 1967 one of its stated objectives was “to promote South-East Asian studies.” The Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand as members of ASEAN in their call for “a strong and resilient Southeast Asia” realize the validity of the regional concept and the consequent need to advance studies on the area. In fact they are emphasizing the indigenous component of the concept.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in a radish (Raphanus sativus L.) geodiversity collection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Arro ◽  
J. A. Labate
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Geographical Regions

AbstractA radish panel of 152 accessions with diverse root shapes was assembled from the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) collection based on weighted geographical sampling. Accessions represented 35 countries and were categorized into eight geographical regions—North America, Europe, Africa, West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. Multiple plants per accession were assayed using genotyping by sequencing (GBS), and 8539 high-quality polymorphisms were discovered. Average observed heterozygosity (Ho) of the markers consistently ranged from 5 to 7% in all geographical regions. Central Asia was most diverse in terms of average expected heterozygosity (He = 0.107), while Southeast Asia was the least diverse (He = 0.050). Europe and Southeast Asia were the most divergent from each other (pairwise FST = 0.199), while Europe and North America were the least divergent (pairwise FST = 0.022). The clustering of genotypes based on principal components analysis (PCA) illustrated an east/west geographical pattern. Large numbers of private alleles and a substantial proportion (3%) of markers showing signals of selection based on allele frequency differences indicate that allelic variation is available for cultivar development. European and North American gene pools could be expanded by crossing with East Asian and Southeast Asian germplasm, and vice-versa. Both could potentially benefit from South Asian sources, while the addition of West Asian germplasm could increase East Asian and Southeast Asian diversity. This resource for molecular marker development combined with an understanding of global genetic relationships will inform the continued germplasm conservation and genetic improvement of radish.

Analogy, automation and diagrammatic causation

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamin Pelkey
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Gradient Reconstruction ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Asian Languages

One areal feature of East and Southeast Asian languages is the grammaticalization of an augmentative-diminutive pair from the nominals ‘mother’ and ‘child’, respectively (Matisoff 1992). Many Sino-Tibetan languages further grammaticalize noun-class affixes from these kinship nominals, adding a parallel ‘father’ analogy in the process. Some Tibeto-Burman (TB) languages further grammaticalize the resulting kinship trio into numeral classifiers and lexical and clausal nominalizers. This paper presents evidence from the Ngwi branch of Burmic demonstrating a novel, yet parallel, polygrammaticalization process involving ‘youth’ (from TB *lak) as an analogous lexical source. Data from 30 languages inform a gradient reconstruction of two integrated, parallel clines: a nominal suffix series, YOUTH > SPROUT > SLENDER > OBLONG > GENERIC, complemented by a numeral classifier series, YOUTH(S) > AFFINAL KIN > CONSANGUINEAL KIN > NARROW > GENERIC. Both paths underlie the emergence of a collectivizing clausal nominalizer. The results support an emerging consensus: Analogy, automation and diagrammatic causation are irreducibly interdependent components of grammaticalization.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jack Meng-Tat Chia
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
South China ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Dialects ◽  
Asian Languages

The introduction sets out the purpose of the book, which is to study Chinese Buddhist migration in the twentieth century, highlighting the connected history of Buddhist communities in China and maritime Southeast Asia. This chapter introduces the term “South China Sea Buddhism,” referring to the forms of Buddhism in maritime Southeast Asia—which use Mandarin Chinese, Southern Chinese dialects, and Southeast Asian languages in their liturgy and scriptures—that have emerged out of Buddhist connections across the South China Sea. It challenges the conventional categories of “Chinese Buddhism” and “Southeast Asian Buddhism” by focusing on the lesser-known Chinese Buddhist communities of maritime Southeast Asia. Finally, the chapter discusses the sources and outline of the book.

scholarly journals Aspect in East and Mainland Southeast Asian Languages — A First Step

MANUSYA ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Walter Bisang
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Perfective Aspect ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Quantified Noun Phrases ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

The present paper has two intentions. It wants to sketch a typological basis for describing aspect in individual languages and for cross-linguistic comparison and it wants to present some first ideas of how aspect works in languages of East and mainland Southeast Asia. Aspect will be defined in terms of a “selection theory of aspect”. Thus, aspect markers are understood as operators that select matching temporal phases provided by the temporal boundaries as they are determined (a) in the lexicon of verbs or (b) in additional, overt structures such as resultative verbs, markers of Aktionsart, quantified noun phrases and adverbials. Markers of perfective aspect highlight temporal boundaries, while imperfective markers present a state of affairs without reference to them. Languages of East and mainland Southeast Asia differ from prototypical aspect languages such as Russian, Bulgarian or Greek inasmuch as aspect marking is not obligatory and inasmuch as there is no binary opposition of perfective vs. imperfective. In spite of this, there are markers that interact with temporal boundaries and that show typologically remarkable properties not described for other languages. East and mainland Southeast Asian languages may thus contribute a number of new perspectives on the aspect properties.

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