China’s Humanistic Zhong-Yong Approach to Educational Partnerships for International Development in Post-Covid-19: Confucian and Ubuntu Perspectives on Confucius Institutes and Classrooms in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-269
Author(s):  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Partnerships ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Confucius Institutes ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
Unique Potential

Abstract Based on broad observations of the development of Confucius Institutes and Classrooms in Africa over a decade, this article focuses on educational partnerships between Chinese and African educational institutions and their implications for international development, as they relate to international development in the era of post-Covid-19. The author identifies the Confucian Zhong-Yong approach to educational partnerships through Confucius Institutes and Classrooms in Africa, a pragmatic model for educational development centered on Confucianism. Three core characteristics of Confucian educational partnerships – demand-driven, ethics-based and pragmatic – are seen as the key to the success of such partnerships. Reflecting on Ubuntu from a Confucian perspective, the author concludes that China’s humanistic Zhong-Yong approach to partnerships has a unique potential to re-envision education for international development in ways that may be of interest to such international developmental agencies as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the World Bank, and the United Nations.

The World Bank at 75

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650001
Author(s):  
Scott Morris ◽  
Madeleine Gleave
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Global Public Goods ◽  
International Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

As the World Bank approaches its 75th anniversary, it faces a rapidly changing global environment. Economic growth among developing countries means that, according to our projections, up to 42 current International Development Association (IDA) countries and 36 current International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) countries could be eligible to graduate from their respective lending windows by 2019 under the bank's current rules. Changing dynamics in financial supply, both within and outside of the bank, and demand, e.g., for massive infrastructure investment or global public goods, indicate a need to rethink the bank's core lending model. This paper examines ways in which seeming immoveable forces underlying the World Bank's work might finally be ripe for change in the face of shifting development needs.

1 Beginnings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichtenstein Natalie
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Asian Development Bank ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Multilateral Development Banks ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
African Development Bank

Chapter 1, Beginnings, introduces the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the book and its author. The origins of the AIIB proposal by China are discussed, along with the global economic and geo-political aspects that led to its establishment. There are comparisons to the establishment of other multilateral development banks: the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB), the Asian Development Bank (AsDB), the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The steps in the negotiating process in 2014–2015 are summarized, and presented in a table of the 57 countries that participated. The author describes her role in drafting the AIIB Charter and some of the considerations in the choice of model.

scholarly journals Global Democracy in Decline?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia C. Heldt ◽  
Henning Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Global Democracy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
New Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Democratic Control

Abstract Over the past decade, rising authoritarian regimes have begun to challenge the liberal international order. This challenge is particularly pronounced in the field of multilateral development finance, where China and its coalition partners from Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa have created two new multilateral development banks. This article argues that China and its partners have used the New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank to increase their power and to restrict democratic control mechanisms. By comparing formal mechanisms of democratic control in both organizations to the World Bank, this article shows that civil society access, transparency, and accountability are lower at the AIIB and NDB than they are at the World Bank.

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and China’s Role in Regional Economic Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing XING
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Global Economic Governance

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is the first multinational development bank initiated and led by China. It will challenge the dominance of the World Bank and Asian Development Bank in financing regional infrastructure projects, transforming US-led unipolar to multipolar global economic governance. China aims to achieve its diplomatic, economic and political objectives through the AIIB, such as facilitating “One Belt, One Road” strategy and steering regional cooperation and integration.

Trust-Funded Partnership Programmes of the World Bank under the ario

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Fund Flows ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
International Partnership ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Initiatives

This article suggests that the variety and complexity of international partnership programmes, especially those that contract major fund flows, can be sustained only if partners are able to allocate roles and responsibilities amongst themselves. The premise of this article is simple. Lest there be any doubt, agreed terms set forth in signed agreements and adopted partnership documents should be considered ‘rules of the organization’ under the ario, and should be recognized in allocating responsibility among international organizations and other partners in international development initiatives. A practical look at trust-funded partnership programmes involving the World Bank underscores the importance of lex specialis under the Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations, including with respect to claims by third parties. At stake is the viability of such collaborative international development initiatives, which rests on the ability of partners to legitimately set their own terms for acknowledgment by others.

Aspects of the European investment bank's experience in wastewater management

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. R. Bond
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
European Investment

The role of the European Investment Bank (EIB) in financing viable long-term investments and their geographical and sectorial spread are briefly described. Its activities in the Mediterranean environmental field and the special actions taken jointly with the World Bank including structured technical assistance for project preparation are explained. Recent experience of the EIB in the wastewater sector covering the importance of the planning and institutional contexts as well as an analysis of typical problems and risks during implementation and operation are given.

scholarly journals Biased Policy Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheheryar Banuri ◽  
Stefan Dercon ◽  
Varun Gauri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Private Capacity ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Subject Pool ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Although the decisions of policy professionals are often more consequential than those of individuals in their private capacity, there is a dearth of studies on the biases of policy professionals: those who prepare and implement policy on behalf of elected politicians. Experiments conducted on a novel subject pool of development policy professionals (public servants of the World Bank and the Department for International Development in the UK) show that policy professionals are indeed subject to decision-making traps, including the effects of framing outcomes as losses or gains, and, most strikingly, confirmation bias driven by ideological predisposition, despite having an explicit mission to promote evidence-informed and impartial decision making. These findings should worry policy professionals and their principals in governments and large organizations, as well as citizens themselves. A further experiment, in which policy professionals engage in discussion, shows that deliberation may be able to mitigate the effects of some of these biases.

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