Early Islamic Kūfa in Context: A Chronological Reinterpretation of the Palace, with a Note on the Development of the Monumental Language of the Early Muslim Élite

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-103
Author(s):  
Aila Santi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Early Date ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
Early Islamic

Abstract The origin of the congregational mosque-dār al-imāra combination—despite wide acknowledgement of its symbolic importance and spread in early Islamic urbanism—has until now been considered the mere result of a measure to protect public treasure implemented in Kūfa at a very early date (638) as a consequence of a burglary. A critical analysis of literary sources, combined with a systematic review of the available archaeological evidence, has made it possible to confute this traditional view in favour of a new dating for the emergence of the first Kūfan dār al-imāra and its architectural development, suggesting interesting insights pertaining to the monumental propaganda promoted by the ruling élite in the Umayyad era.

Pittenweem Priory and the conventuality question

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
New Mother ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Pittenweem Priory began life as the caput manor of a daughter-house established on May Island by Cluniac monks from Reading (c. 1140). After its sale to St Andrews (c. 1280), the priory transferred ashore. While retaining its traditional name, the ‘Priory of May (alias Pittenweem)’ was subsumed within the Augustinian priory of St Andrews. Its prior was elected from among the canons of the new mother house, but it was many decades before a resident community of canons was set up in Pittenweem. The traditional view, based principally on the ‘non-conventual’ status of the priory reiterated in fifteenth-century documents, is that there was ‘no resident community’ before the priorship of Andrew Forman (1495–1515). Archaeological evidence in Pittenweem, however, indicates that James Kennedy had embarked on significant development of the priory fifty years earlier. This suggests that, when the term ‘non-conventual’ is used in documents emanating from Kennedy's successors (Graham and Scheves), we should interpret it more as an assertion of superiority and control than as a description of realities in the priory.

scholarly journals Risk, chance and danger in Classical Greek writing on battle

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Roel Konijnendijk
Keyword(s):  
Human Agency ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Random Chance ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Do So

AbstractThis article highlights two aspects of the language used in Classical Greek literary sources to discuss pitched battle. First, the sources regularly use unqualified forms of the verb kinduneuein, “to take a risk,” when they mean fighting a battle. They do so especially in contexts of deliberation about the need to fight. Second, they often describe the outcome of major engagements in terms of luck, fate, and random chance, at the explicit expense of human agency. Taken together, these aspects of writing on war suggest that pitched battle was seen as an inherently risky course of action with unacceptably unpredictable results, which was therefore best avoided. Several examples show that the decision to fight was indeed evaluated in such terms. This practice casts further doubt on the traditional view that Greek armies engaged in pitched battles as a matter of principle.

scholarly journals A Religious and Economic Stopover in the Middle of Khorasan-e Razavi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 184-199
Author(s):  
Rocco Rante ◽  
Meysam Labbaf-Khaniki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract Robat-e Sefid/Bazeh Hur is the name of two modern villages giving the name to a valley located in a strategic geographical point traversed by a main north-south caravan road. Archaeological evidence brought to light the meaning of this valley, in which religious and economic aspects show and testify to development of this region during the Sasanian and early Islamic epochs. They highlight its role as a stopover for caravans in the past as today.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of the Efficacy of Meditation Therapies for Acute and Subacute Phase Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe A. Jain ◽  
Roger N. Walsh ◽  
Stuart J. Eisendrath ◽  
Scott Christensen ◽  
B. Rael Cahn
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Subacute Phase

TOPOGRAPHIES OF PRODUCTION IN NORTH AFRICAN CITIES DURING THE VANDAL AND BYZANTINE PERIODS

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Leone
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
North African ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Urban Location ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Lime Kilns ◽  
Early Islamic

An important characteristic of North African cities in Late Antiquity is the appearance of structures relating to artisanal production in unusual settings, often in former public buildings. In this paper I argue for developing a study of this sector, looking not only at products, such as pottery, but also at productive structures and their wider urban location. Archaeological evidence from Tunisia and Tripolitania is analysed, dating from Vandal, Byzantine and also, occasionally, Early Islamic times, relating principally to murex dyeing, fish salting, olive oil production and pottery manufacturing. Lime kilns are also considered.

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