scholarly journals The State Actor in Human-Security Issues: A Study of Cambodia and Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Ta-Wei (David) Chu
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
State Actor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nations Development

Human security has become a popular issue in the realm of international relations, particularly since The Human Development Report 1994 was published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Some research on the subject has acknowledged that individual states are essential actors in achieving human security. This article considers the context of Southeast Asia and explores the case studies of the Cambodian and Indonesian governments, to address their respective domestic human-security issues. To this end, this article considers the modern political histories of Cambodia and Indonesia from a comparative perspective. The article concludes that as a state becomes more democratic its people are likely to have more human security.

scholarly journals The Maguindanao Massacre

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
France Jeanne L Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

No previous outbreak of election-related violence in the Philippines could compare to the events that took place in the province of Maguindanao on 23 November 2009, resulting in the death of fiftyseven (57) people. This paper assesses the tragic events dubbed as the “Maguindanao Massacre” by the Philippine press in terms of its repercussions on human security in Maguindanao province, using the seven categories of human security as defined under the 1994 Human Development Report of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Future developments to this on-going saga need to be closely monitored and analyzed as part of the citizenry's responsibility to be vigilant, to ensure that any further threats to human security in the Philippines could be promptly addressed.

scholarly journals Africa and the Middle Class(es)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Melber
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
The South ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
Nations Development

United Nations Development Programme (2013), The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World, Human Development Report 2013, New York: United Nations Development Programme, ISBN 978-92-1-126340-4, 203 pp.

Sufficiency Economy and Backdated Claims of its Application: Phooyai (Headman) Wiboon’s Agroforestry and Self-narrative

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagorn Singsuriya
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Present Form ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Narrative Time ◽  
Nations Development

The King of Thailand’s Sufficiency Economy (SE) has been heralded and influential in Thailand. It was also featured in the United Nations Development Programme Thailand Human Development Report 2007. Reports and personal stories of applying the SE are widely available. A striking remark is that many of these claims were backdated. Projects, activities, and practice claimed to be its implementation predated the SE in its present form. As the SE is caught in political struggles, this is perceived to reveal propaganda. In this article, through a case of Phooyai Wiboon’s agroforestry, the act of backdating the claims is analyzed and re-interpreted with help of Ricoeur’s concept of narrative time.

scholarly journals HUMAN SECURITY, UNITED NATIONS AND ROHINGYA REFUGEES IN MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aizat Khairi ◽  
Mohd. Na'eim Ajis
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Nations Development

Artikel ini menganalisa tentang masalah pengungsi Rohingya yang melarikan diri dari tanah air mereka kerana dinafikan HAM oleh pemerintah Myanmar. Kehidupan sebagai pengungsi tidak aman berbanding dengan komunitas lokal.  Mereka harus melarikan diri dari tempat asal demi kelangsungan nyawa. Proses untuk keluar tidak mudah kerana mereka harus menghadapi tantangan baik faktor pemerintah maupun kondisi alam. Malangnya,  sesetengah dari pada mereka tidak terselamat dan tewas dalam pergerakan sebagai pengungsi.  Walaupun mereka berjaya tiba ke destinasi baru seperti Malaysia untuk memulai kehidupan yang lebih baik, masalah lain pula muncul kerana polis pemerintah Malaysia yang tidak mengiktiraf status pengungsi bagi orang  Rohingya. Jadi, masalah yang dihadapi oleh pengungsi Rohingya di Malaysia telah dikaji dari kanta Human Security United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa kehidupan seharian pengungsi Rohingya berada di dalam kondisi tidak menentu berdasarkan 7 kategori UNDP. Walau bagaimanapun, kebanyakan Rohingya merasakan bersyukur kerana kehidupan di Malaysia adalah lebih baik dari pada di Myanmar. Walaupun pemerintah tidak mengiktiraf mereka, tetapi pemerintah tidak meletakkan mereka di kem-kemtahanan. Jadi, Rohingya berasa bebas bagi lakukan aktivitas kelangsungan hidup di Malaysia.  Inisiatif membantu pengugnsi Rohing ya harus diikhtiarkan supaya mereka mempunyai kehidupan yang lebih baik di Malaysia sementara menunggu pulang ke tempat asal mereka pada masa hadapan. Kata Kunci: Pengungsi Rohingya, UNHCR, UNDP, Pemerintah Malaysia

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN SECURITY BEFORE THE 1994 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT. INQUIRY INTO ITS EVOLUTION DURING THE COLD WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Alexandru LUCINESCU
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Niels Bohr ◽  
Open Letter ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Made In

It is usually considered that the concept of human security was introduced by the United Nations Development Programme with the publication in 1994 of the Human Development Report. Such a perspective on the emergence of this concept denies its existence during the Cold War and places its point of origin in the aftermath of that confrontation. However, there is also the opinion that human security was a term used during the Cold War, but that the meaning then attached to it lacks any relevancy for the meaning it has in the 1994 Human Development Report. This article contributes to the assessment of the viability of these different opinions by first exploring the use of the concept of human security by Niels Bohr in an open letter from 1950, and by Sithu U Thant, in a statement made in 1971, and secondly by comparing the meaning they gave to it with its meaning from the 1994 Human Development Report. It is concluded that both Bohr and U Thant operated with a concept of human security narrower in scope than the concept of human security which is to be found in the 1994 Human Development Report and, based on this finding, that the evolution of this concept started long before 1994.

10. Human Security

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph B. Persaud
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
International Criminal Court ◽  
Human Security ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Nations Development

This chapter examines the concept of human security in descriptive, analytical, and empirical terms by drawing on both the scholarly and policy relevant literatures. It begins with a discussion of the development of human security, focusing on the emergence, contribution, and impact of the most important drivers of human security, especially in institutional terms. These include the United Nations Development Program’s 1994 Human Development Report (HDR), the Commission for Human Security, the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, the Millennium Development Goals, and the International Criminal Court. The chapter proceeds by considering the intellectual and institutional genealogy of human security. Finally, it analyses the most trenchant critiques of human security, which can be categorised into: too broad to be useful; national interest and co-optation; reformist tool of global capitalism; and neo-colonialism.

scholarly journals KEMISKINAN PELGABAI DIMENSI BERWAJARAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (No.1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Norzita Jamil ◽  
Siti Hadijah Che Mat
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Nations Development

Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) adalah satu indeks pelbagai dimensi yang mengukur kemiskinan. Berdasarkan MPI, insiden kekurangan yang dialami oleh manusia dan pengalaman manusia yang hidup dalam kemiskinan pada suatu masa dapat dikenal pasti. Hasilnya, satu gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai taraf hidup penduduk yang miskin dengan melihat perbandingan antara negara, wilayah, kumpulan etnik, kawasan bandar dan luar bandar ciri-ciri isi rumah, dan masyarakat dapat dibuat. MPI merupakan indeks yang menggantikan Human Poverty Index (HPI) yang dibangunkan pada tahun 1997 (Human Development Report, 2010). Pada Julai 2010, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) dan United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) telah melancarkan satu ukuran kemiskinan yang baharu iaitu ukuran kemiskinan “pelbagai dimensi”. Ia dikatakan dapat membantu pembangunan sumber sasaran dengan lebih berkesan (Human Development Report, 2010). Berdasarkan MPI ini, dua output akan terhasil iaitu (1) Headcount Ratio (H), iaitu peratus isi rumah yang miskin yang diperolehi dengan membahagikan jumlah isi rumah yang miskin dengan jumlah semua isi rumah; dan (2) Purata jurang kemiskinan (A), iaitu purata bilangan kekurangan yang dihadapi oleh mereka yang miskin. Purata ini dikira dengan menjumlahkan nisbah kekurangan yang dihadapi oleh setiap orang yang miskin dan dibahagikan dengan jumlah orang yang miskin. Dalam MPI, setiap dimensi boleh diberikan wajaran yang sama atau wajaran yang berbeza bergantung kepada pertimbangan nilai penyelidik. Pengiraan MPI berwajaran ini dapat memberikan keputusan kadar kemiskinanan yang lebih tepat kerana ia mengambil kira bahawa kepentingan satu-satu dimensi ke atas kadar kemiskinan adalah berbeza.

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