scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN SECURITY BEFORE THE 1994 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT. INQUIRY INTO ITS EVOLUTION DURING THE COLD WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Alexandru LUCINESCU
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Niels Bohr ◽  
Open Letter ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Made In

It is usually considered that the concept of human security was introduced by the United Nations Development Programme with the publication in 1994 of the Human Development Report. Such a perspective on the emergence of this concept denies its existence during the Cold War and places its point of origin in the aftermath of that confrontation. However, there is also the opinion that human security was a term used during the Cold War, but that the meaning then attached to it lacks any relevancy for the meaning it has in the 1994 Human Development Report. This article contributes to the assessment of the viability of these different opinions by first exploring the use of the concept of human security by Niels Bohr in an open letter from 1950, and by Sithu U Thant, in a statement made in 1971, and secondly by comparing the meaning they gave to it with its meaning from the 1994 Human Development Report. It is concluded that both Bohr and U Thant operated with a concept of human security narrower in scope than the concept of human security which is to be found in the 1994 Human Development Report and, based on this finding, that the evolution of this concept started long before 1994.

scholarly journals The Maguindanao Massacre

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
France Jeanne L Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

No previous outbreak of election-related violence in the Philippines could compare to the events that took place in the province of Maguindanao on 23 November 2009, resulting in the death of fiftyseven (57) people. This paper assesses the tragic events dubbed as the “Maguindanao Massacre” by the Philippine press in terms of its repercussions on human security in Maguindanao province, using the seven categories of human security as defined under the 1994 Human Development Report of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Future developments to this on-going saga need to be closely monitored and analyzed as part of the citizenry's responsibility to be vigilant, to ensure that any further threats to human security in the Philippines could be promptly addressed.

Between the Shadow of History and the ‘Union of People’

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-129
Author(s):  
Antonia Witt
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Organizational Environment ◽  
African Union ◽  
African Unity ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
African People ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Peace And Development

With the end of the Cold War, we observe two major changes in the way the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and the African Union (AU) sought to legitimate themselves. First, the focus shifted from merely facilitating cooperation to demonstrating that the work of the OAU and later the AU actually made a difference ‘on the ground’; that it led to peace and development, to integration, and to a stronger representation of African interests in global institutions. Second, the AU sought to build its legitimacy on the notion of working not only for and with African states, but also for and with the African people. Legitimation thus increasingly focused on the principles of ‘democracy’, ‘human security’, or ‘human development’. As the chapter reveals, various dynamics in the organizational environment facilitated these changes, but norm entrepreneurship by the OAU/AU bureaucracy was central.

scholarly journals Africa and the Middle Class(es)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Melber
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
The South ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
Nations Development

United Nations Development Programme (2013), The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World, Human Development Report 2013, New York: United Nations Development Programme, ISBN 978-92-1-126340-4, 203 pp.

Sufficiency Economy and Backdated Claims of its Application: Phooyai (Headman) Wiboon’s Agroforestry and Self-narrative

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagorn Singsuriya
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Present Form ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Narrative Time ◽  
Nations Development

The King of Thailand’s Sufficiency Economy (SE) has been heralded and influential in Thailand. It was also featured in the United Nations Development Programme Thailand Human Development Report 2007. Reports and personal stories of applying the SE are widely available. A striking remark is that many of these claims were backdated. Projects, activities, and practice claimed to be its implementation predated the SE in its present form. As the SE is caught in political struggles, this is perceived to reveal propaganda. In this article, through a case of Phooyai Wiboon’s agroforestry, the act of backdating the claims is analyzed and re-interpreted with help of Ricoeur’s concept of narrative time.

EDUCATING WOMEN FOR DEVELOPMENT: THE ARAB HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2005 AND THE PROBLEM WITH WOMEN'S CHOICES

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fida J. Adely
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
New Era ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Endeavor ◽  
Nations Development

In the 1980s, after a decades-long emphasis on economic growth as the primary engine for development, a number of prominent economists and development practitioners heralded a new era in the conceptualization of development as primarily a human endeavor with improved life chances and quality of life as the proper end. Thus was coined the term “human development,” followed by subsequent efforts to delineate the essential dimensions of human development and the appropriate measures of a development endeavor that no longer had “growth” (and, more narrowly, increased income) as its primary indicator but now sought to measure human ends, capabilities, and opportunities. Of most prominence, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) took up this charge in the form of an annual global human development report, releasing the first one in 1990. Perhaps no other human development reports have received as much attention in the past few years as have the Arab human development reports.

scholarly journals KEMISKINAN PELGABAI DIMENSI BERWAJARAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (No.1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Norzita Jamil ◽  
Siti Hadijah Che Mat
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
United Nations Development Programme ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Nations Development

Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) adalah satu indeks pelbagai dimensi yang mengukur kemiskinan. Berdasarkan MPI, insiden kekurangan yang dialami oleh manusia dan pengalaman manusia yang hidup dalam kemiskinan pada suatu masa dapat dikenal pasti. Hasilnya, satu gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai taraf hidup penduduk yang miskin dengan melihat perbandingan antara negara, wilayah, kumpulan etnik, kawasan bandar dan luar bandar ciri-ciri isi rumah, dan masyarakat dapat dibuat. MPI merupakan indeks yang menggantikan Human Poverty Index (HPI) yang dibangunkan pada tahun 1997 (Human Development Report, 2010). Pada Julai 2010, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) dan United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) telah melancarkan satu ukuran kemiskinan yang baharu iaitu ukuran kemiskinan “pelbagai dimensi”. Ia dikatakan dapat membantu pembangunan sumber sasaran dengan lebih berkesan (Human Development Report, 2010). Berdasarkan MPI ini, dua output akan terhasil iaitu (1) Headcount Ratio (H), iaitu peratus isi rumah yang miskin yang diperolehi dengan membahagikan jumlah isi rumah yang miskin dengan jumlah semua isi rumah; dan (2) Purata jurang kemiskinan (A), iaitu purata bilangan kekurangan yang dihadapi oleh mereka yang miskin. Purata ini dikira dengan menjumlahkan nisbah kekurangan yang dihadapi oleh setiap orang yang miskin dan dibahagikan dengan jumlah orang yang miskin. Dalam MPI, setiap dimensi boleh diberikan wajaran yang sama atau wajaran yang berbeza bergantung kepada pertimbangan nilai penyelidik. Pengiraan MPI berwajaran ini dapat memberikan keputusan kadar kemiskinanan yang lebih tepat kerana ia mengambil kira bahawa kepentingan satu-satu dimensi ke atas kadar kemiskinan adalah berbeza.

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