The Black Sea and the Slave Trade: The Role of Crimean Maritime Towns in the Trade in Slaves and Captives in the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries

Author(s):  
Mikhail B. Kizilov
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103513
Author(s):  
Dmitrii A. Kremenchutskii ◽  
Gennady F. Batrakov ◽  
Illarion I. Dovhyi ◽  
Yury A. Sapozhnikov

Author(s):  
George Gotsiridze

The work, on the one hand, highlights the mission of Europe, as an importer of knowledge, which has for centuries been the center of gravity for the whole world, and, on the other hand, the role of the Black Sea Region, as an important part of the Great Silk Road, which had also for a long time been promoting the process of rap-prochement and exchange of cultural values between East and West peoples, until it became the ‘inner lake’ of the Ottoman Empire, and today it reverts the function of rapproching and connecting civilizations. The article shows the importance of the Black Sea countries in maintaining overall European stability and in this context the role of historical science. On the backdrop of the ideological confrontation between Georgian historians being inside and outside the Iron Curtain, which began with the foundation of the Soviet Union, the research sheds light on the merit of the Georgian scholars-in-exile for both popularization of the Georgian culture and science in Eu-rope and for importing advanced (European) scientific knowledge to Georgia. Ex-change of knowledge in science and culture between the Black Sea region and Europe will enrich and complete each other through impact and each of them will have unique, inimitative features.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
I. P. Bondarev

Systematic monitoring of ecologically significant species – predatory mollusc Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846 populations – is an important part of the Black Sea monitoring. The study of the role of R. venosa in contemporary marine ecosystem is of considerable interest. In June-September 2015-2016 the study of consorting relations of rapana was conducted in situ with a parallel sampling by diver. In the course of research new information about the interaction of R. venosa with the fish fauna has been obtained. Of particular importance for fishes is the presence of rapana in the sandy bottom zone, where there are no natural shelters, and food resources are limited. The most important for the fish is the presence on the rapana shells of algal fouling and epiphyton. The shells of invader – R. venosa – and its fouling create additional opportunities for the survival of some fish fauna representatives juveniles of the Black Sea. The data obtained extend the concepts of ecological role of mollusc – invader R. venosa, as well as the ecology and ethology of several fish species.


Author(s):  
Adam Teller

This chapter details the journey of the Jewish captives from Ukraine to the Tatar homeland of Crimea. By the time of the uprising, Jews in Ukraine were well aware of the dangers of the Black Sea slave trade. It is impossible even to estimate how many Jews were captured during the period from 1648 to 1667. Not all those taken by the Tatars actually made it to the slave market, killed either by their captors or by the traveling conditions. The chapter then looks at the experiences of the Jewish captives. For most Jews, being taken captive meant that they had lost everything. The realities of captivity were harsh: they were tied together with ropes or straps made out of animal hides, and many had little more than the clothes they stood up in. Ahead of them lay a long, difficult, and even dangerous journey during which they were at the mercy of their captors, who would not hesitate to kill them if they could no longer fetch a good price on the market. Even though they knew about the possibility of being ransomed at the end of their ordeal, it must have seemed a very distant hope.


Author(s):  
Iryna Makarenko

In this chapter, the role of the Black Sea Commission in the preservation of marine environment will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on the activities related to management of the marine living resources, the legal gaps in the documents and institutional structure, as well the current trends and challenges on the regional and global level. An overview of relevant Black Sea Commission's observers and partners will be provided; existing and possible future arrangements with them will be further described and analyzed. Some concrete recommendations on the improvements in the management of marine living resources in the Black Sea basin will be proposed.


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