Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of seven species of Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae), including two new species, from contrasting habitats in New Zealand 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Abishek Muralidhar ◽  
PAUL A. BROADY ◽  
DUNCAN P. MACINTYRE ◽  
MICHAEL D. WILCOX ◽  
ASHLEY GARRILL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Contrasting Habitats ◽  
Sectional Classification ◽  
First Time

Vaucheria is a genus of yellow-green algae, the taxonomy of which is based on the morphology of antheridia and oogonia. Distribution of Vaucheria in New Zealand is poorly understood. Only two studies have investigated phylogenetic relationships in the genus world-wide and these omitted some of the diversity found in New Zealand. We identified seven species of Vaucheria based on morphology of their reproductive structures. Two were described as new species (V. aestuarii and V. edaphica), two were reported for the first time from New Zealand (V. erythrospora and V. litorea), one has been reported previously (V. bursata), and the identification of the remaining two was inconclusive (Vaucheria cf. borealis and Vaucheria cf. conifera). The genetic variation and phylogenetic position of these species were studied using phylogenetic analyses of rbcL sequences. These showed the existence of morphologically indistinguishable cryptic species complexes in sect. Corniculatae. Our results were mostly consistent with the current morphology-based sectional classification of the genus.

Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4623 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-440
Author(s):  
WAYNE N. MATHIS ◽  
TADEUSZ ZATWARNICKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Shore Fly ◽  
First Time

Two genera of the shore-fly tribe Hyadinini, Hyadina Haliday and Parahyadina Tonnoir & Malloch, are revised, and all species treated, save P. lacustris Tonnoir & Malloch, are described for the first time. The phylogenetic position of both genera within Hyadinini is presented along with confirming, morphological evidence. The New Zealand fauna of Hyadina is now limited to the single new species H. breva, and Parahyadina is expanded from being a monotypic genus based on P. lacustris to also include the following 9 endemic new species: P. angusta, P. atra, P. bifurcata, P. bulla, P. debilis, P. edmistoni, P. hennigi, P. irwini, and P. latistylis. For both genera, emphasis is given to structures of the male terminalia, which are fully illustrated. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for all species are provided, and structures of the male terminalia are fully illustrated. For perspective and to facilitate recognition of genera, the tribe Hyadinini is diagnosed and a key to genera from New Zealand is provided. 

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the genus Terfezia (Pezizaceae, Pezizales): New species and new record from North Africa

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 334 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima El-Houaria ZITOUNI-HAOUAR ◽  
JUAN RAMÓN CARLAVILLA ◽  
GABRIEL MORENO ◽  
JOSÉ LUIS MANJÓN ◽  
ZOHRA FORTAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Large Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Morphological and phylogenetic analyses of large ribosomal subunit (28S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS rDNA) of Terfezia samples collected from several bioclimatic zones in Algeria and Spain revealed the presence of six distinct Terfezia species: T. arenaria, T. boudieri, T. claveryi; T. eliocrocae (reported here for the first time from North Africa), T. olbiensis, and a new species, T. crassiverrucosa sp. nov., proposed and described here, characterized by its phylogenetic position and unique combination of morphological characters. A discussion on the unresolved problems in the taxonomy of the spiny-spored Terfezia species is conducted after the present results.

scholarly journals Additions to the Genus Arthrinium (Apiosporaceae) From Bamboos in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Feng ◽  
Jian-Kui (Jack) Liu ◽  
Chuan-Gen Lin ◽  
Ya-Ya Chen ◽  
Mei-Mei Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Asexual Morph ◽  
Sexual Morph ◽  
First Time

Arthrinium has a widespread distribution occurring in various substrates (e.g., air, soil debris, plants, lichens, marine algae and even human tissues). It is characterized by the basauxic conidiogenesis in the asexual morph, with apiospores in the sexual morph. In this study, seventeen isolates of Arthrinium were collected in China. Based on their morphology and phylogenetic characterization, four new species (A. biseriale, A. cyclobalanopsidis, A. gelatinosum, and A. septatum) are described and seven known species (A. arundinis, A. garethjonesii, A. guizhouense, A. hydei, A. neosubglobosa, A. phyllostachium and A. psedoparenchymaticum) are identified, of which the sexual morph of three species (A. guizhouense, A. phyllostachium and A. psedoparenchymaticum) and asexual morph of A. garethjonesii are reported for the first time. The detailed descriptions, illustrations and comparisons with related taxa of these new collections are provided. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, TUB2, and TEF sequence data support their placements in the genus Arthrinium and justify the new species establishments and identifications of known species.

scholarly journals Evolution and palaeoecology of early turtles: a review based on recent discoveries in the Middle Jurassic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Anquetin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

In recent years, no less than five new species of stem-group turtles have been described worldwide. Among them are three new turtles from Middle Jurassic deposits that partially fill a previous temporal and morphological gap in our knowledge of the early evolution of these shelled amniotes: Heckerochelys romani, Condorchelys antiqua and Eileanchelys waldmani. For the first time, the phylogenetic position of these three new species is tested in the context of the two presently competing cladistic models of turtle evolution. The addition of these taxa to each matrix does not favour or alter any of the two opposed hypotheses. However, it is demonstrated here that, by documenting yet unknown stages in the evolution of several morphological structures, these three species give stronger support to the model of an extended phylogenetic stem for turtles. These new lines of evidence include the structure of the vomer, the position of the aditus canalis stapedio-temporalis and of the posterior opening of the canalis cavernosus, and the morphology of the processus interfenestralis of the opisthotic. These characters should be considered for future phylogenetic analyses of turtle interrelationships.Recent discoveries also reinvigorate the debate about the palaeoecology of early turtles. Whereas simple morphological characters (e.g., shell fontanelle, ligamentous bridge, flattened carapace) can be misleading, forelimb proportions and shell bone histology have led to the conclusion that most stem turtles (i.e., Proganochelys quenstedti, Palaeochersis talampayensis, Proterochersis robusta, Kayentachelys aprix and meiolaniids) were terrestrial forms. On the contrary, it is generally accepted that crown-group turtles are ancestrally aquatic. Among the five recently described stem-group turtles, Odontochelys semitestacea and Eileanchelys waldmani have been convincingly interpreted as having aquatic habits, which suggests that basal turtles were ecologically diverse. More investigation is needed, but this will undoubtedly trigger further debate on the primitive ecology of turtles and on the origin of aquatic habits in Testudines (i.e., the crown-group), respectively.

Morphological and molecular characterization of two new species ofAndracantha(Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from New Zealand shags (Phalacrocoracidae) and penguins (Spheniscidae) with a key to the species

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Presswell ◽  
M. García-Varela ◽  
L.R. Smales
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
First Record ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Ventral Field

AbstractTwo new species ofAndracantha(Polymorphidae) are described from the intestine of the shagsLeucocarbo chalconotus(Gray) andPhalacrocorax punctatus(Sparrman), and the penguinEudyptula minor(Forster) from southern South Island, New Zealand.Andracantha leucocarboin. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by having no genital or ventral trunk spines, but possessing a scattering of small spines between the anterior fields of spines. This is the first record of a species ofAndracanthafrom a penguin. Circumbursal papillae are illustrated in a scanning electron micrograph for the first time in the polymorphids.Andracantha sigman. sp. is distinguished by the sigmoid shape of its largest proboscis hook, hook VIII, and having the ventral field separated from the posterior disc field by an aspinous gap. A Maximum Likelihood tree fromcox1 and large ribosomal subunit (LSU) data showsA. leucocarboin. sp. to be more closely related toA. gravidathanA. sigman. sp. and the genusAndracanthaas sister toCorynosomaspp. Genetic distances between species ofAndracanthaare comparatively large. A key to the species ofAndracanthais provided.

Feather mites of the genera Dubininia and Cacatualges (Acari: Xolalgidae) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) of the Old World

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4272 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY V. MIRONOV ◽  
RAINER EHRNSBERGER ◽  
JACEK DABERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Old World ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

This paper gives a systematic revision of feather mites of the genera Dubininia Vassilev, 1958 and Cacatualges Dabert, Badek and Skoracki, 2007 (Xolalgidae: Ingrassiinae) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) of the Old World. Five new species are described: Cacatualges probosciger sp. n. from Probosciger aterrimus (Gmelin) (Cacatuidae) from New Guinea, Dubininia charmosynae sp. n. from Charmosyna pulchella Gray GR (Psittaculidae) from New Guinea, D. micropsittae sp. n. from Micropsitta pusio pusio (Scaltter) (Psittaculidae) from New Guinea, D. nestori sp. n. from Nestor notabilis Gould (Strigopidae) from New Zealand, and D. pezopori sp. n. from Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr) (Psittaculidae) from Tasmania, Australia. Four previously described species of Dubininia are redescribed based on material from type hosts: D. curta (Trouessart, 1885) from Platycercus elegans (Gmelin) (Psittaculidae), D. lorina (Trouessart, 1885) from Lorius domicella (Linnaeus) (Psittaculidae), D. melopsittaci Atyeo and Gaud, 1987 from Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw) (Psittaculidae), and D. psittacina (Trouessart, 1885) from Strigops harboptilus Gray GR (Strigopidae) from New Zealand. A new diagnosis for the genus Dubininia is provided. A key to all presently known Dubininia species is provided for the first time. 

Biodiversity in the Andean Mountains: Two new rain frogs of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the northern Cordillera Central in Colombia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5040 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-364
Author(s):  
MAURICIO RIVERA-CORREA ◽  
GUSTAVO A. GONZÁLEZ-DURÁN ◽  
ANA M. SALDARRIAGA-GÓMEZ ◽  
SEBASTIÁN DUARTE-MARÍN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Cordillera

Frequent biodiversity sampling and monitoring programs often lead to relevant taxonomic findings. Here, as a product of different field expeditions to two places in the northern Andes, we discover and describe two new species of rain frogs of the genus Pristimantis from the cloud forests of the Central Cordillera of Colombia. Pristimantis chocolatebari sp. nov. is diagnosed by having the following character states: dentigerous process of vomer triangular, snout large and protruding, dorsum smooth, vocal slits and vocal sac present, groin and hidden part of the thighs yellow. Pristimantis carylae sp. nov. is diagnosed by having iris copper red, dentigerous process of vomer oval, snout short and rounded, dorsum finely shagreen with scattered tubercles, double nuptial pad in males, groin and hidden part of thighs pink. We also infer, for the first time, the phylogenetic position of P. permixtus, P. platychilus, and two candidate new species. In addition, we emphasize not to use genetic distance as the only source of evidence for species delimitation, considering the high intraspecific diversity found in one of the species described here. Finally, we highlight the relevance of different habitat and ecosystem conservation strategies to promote amphibian diversity studies in the Andes.  

Contribution to the knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Leptotocepheus (Acari, Oribatida, Otocepheidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2269
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Ermilov ◽  
Maria Minor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
First Time ◽  
Australasian Region ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Mite Genus

The otocepheid oribatid mite genus Leptotocepheus Balogh, 1961 is recorded in the Australasian region for the first time. The taxonomic status of the genera Leptotocepheus Balogh, 1961 and Longocepheus Balogh & Mahunka,1966 is discussed, resulting in the recognition of Longocepheus as a subgenus (stat. nov.) of Leptotocepheus and the following recombinations: Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) australis (Balogh & Mahunka, 1966) comb. nov., Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) globosus (Grobler, 1995) comb. nov., Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) longus (Balogh, 1961) comb. nov., Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) youngai (Mahunka, 1984) comb. nov. A new species of Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) is described from New Zealand, Leptotocepheus (Longocepheus) neozealandicus sp. nov., which differs from other species of the subgenus by the presence of short, slightly developed prodorsal costulae. Revised generic and subgeneric diagnoses, an identification key and distributions for the known taxa of Leptotocepheus are presented.

scholarly journals Delimitation, new species and teleomorph-anamorph relationships in Codinaea, Dendrophoma, Paragaeumannomyces and Striatosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae)

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 17-74
Author(s):  
Martina Réblová ◽  
Jana Nekvindová ◽  
Jacques Fournier ◽  
Andrew N. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
The Family ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
First Time

The Chaetosphaeriaceae are a diverse group of pigmented, predominantly phialidic hyphomycetes comprised of several holomorphic genera including Chaetosphaeria, the most prominent genus of the family. Although the morphology of the teleomorphs of the majority of Chaetosphaeria is rather uniform, their associated anamorphs primarily exhibit the variability and evolutionary change observed in the genus. An exception from the morphological monotony among Chaetosphaeria species is a group characterised by scolecosporous, hyaline to light pink, multiseptate, asymmetrical ascospores and a unique three-layered ascomatal wall. Paragaeumannomyces sphaerocellularis, the type species of the genus, exhibits these morphological traits and is compared with similar Chaetosphaeria with craspedodidymum- and chloridium-like synanamorphs. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS-28S sequences of 35 isolates and vouchers with these characteristics revealed a strongly-supported, morphologically well-delimited clade in the Chaetosphaeriaceae containing 16 species. The generic name Paragaeumannomyces is applied to this monophyletic clade; eight new combinations and five new species, i.e. P. abietinussp. nov., P. eleganssp. nov., P. granulatussp. nov., P. sabinianussp. nov. and P. smokiensissp. nov., are proposed. A key to Paragaeumannomyces is provided. Using morphology, cultivation studies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA, two additional new species from freshwater and terrestrial habitats, Codinaea paniculatasp. nov. and Striatosphaeria castaneasp. nov., are described in the family. A codinaea-like anamorph of S. castanea forms conidia with setulae at each end in axenic culture; this feature expands the known morphology of Striatosphaeria. A chaetosphaeria-like teleomorph is experimentally linked to Dendrophoma cytisporoides, a sporodochial hyphomycete and type species of Dendrophoma, for the first time.

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