Revision of the genus Costularia (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae) for the flora of the Seychelles, including the rediscovery and resurrection of a rare endemic species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Senterre ◽  
Elvina Henriette ◽  
Isabel Larridon ◽  
Charles Morel ◽  
Paul Goetghebeur
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Knowledge of the monocot flora of the Seychelles remains relatively weak and new taxonomic studies, including both herbarium specimens and field observations, are needed. Extensive new explorations in the key biodiversity areas of the Seychelles granitic islands resulted in the discovery of an unknown species of Costularia. After careful examination of existing specimens and literature within that genus, we concluded that the unknown plant corresponds to the type of Cladium xipholepis, a species endemic to the Seychelles which had previously been confused and put into synonymy with two unrelated taxa, i.e. the other Seychelles endemic Costularia hornei and the Mascarene species C. melicoides. These confusions were due to the immature state of the type of Cladium xipholepis, which was the only known specimen of the species. The name Cladium xipholepis is here resurrected and combined in the genus Costularia, adding one endemic species to the flora of the Seychelles. In addition, a detailed description is provided, correcting important errors regarding diagnostic characters made in the original description. Costularia xipholepis is a rare species, occurring on lower montane inselbergs of Mahé Island, and is here proposed as endangered (EN) according to IUCN Red List categories and criteria. It is morphologically closely related to C. pantopoda var. baronii from Madagascar. The other Seychelles endemic Costularia, C. hornei (lectotype designated here), has no close relative and belongs to a group distributed in South-East Asia. We discuss these results in relation to the origins of the flora of the Seychelles. Finally, the previously thought endemic variety Costularia hornei var. rectirhachilloidea was also reviewed and we consider it to be identical to the type variety, but based on specimens at an earlier stage of spikelet development. These discoveries, along with other preliminary studies, indicate that more studies are needed to review the monocots of the Seychelles, particularly Cyperaceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae.

Taxonomic Studies of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the Malagasy Region. VIII. New Species from the Littoral Forests of Eastern Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 159-187
Author(s):  
George E. Schatz ◽  
Porter P. Lowry II ◽  
Hasina N. Rakouth
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Forest Clearing ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Littoral Forests ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Eleven new species of Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) (D. falyi G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. fasimainty G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. littoralis Capuron ex G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. mandenensis H. N. Rakouth, G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. orbicularis G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. pseudolanceolata G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. rabehevitrae G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. ramisonii G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. ratovosonii H. N. Rakouth, G. E. Schatz & Lowry, D. retusa H. N. Rakouth, G. E. Schatz & Lowry, and D. tampolensis H. N. Rakouth, Lowry & G. E. Schatz), which are present in the littoral forests along the east coast of Madagascar, are described, along with notes on their distribution and vernacular names, and their conservation status according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Given the diminished area of the Malagasy littoral forest ecosystem, and continuing threats from exploitation for firewood and charcoal production, forest clearing for agriculture, and mining, nine of the 11 new species are assessed as threatened: one Critically Endangered (D. tampolensis), three Endangered (D. falyi, D. rabehevitrae, and D. retusa), and five Vulnerable (D. fasimainty, D. orbicularis, D. pseudolanceolata, D. ramisonii, and D. ratovosonii), whereas two species are assessed as Near Threatened (D. littoralis and D. mandenensis).

Petalidium kaokoense (Acanthaceae), a new species from Namibia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 468 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
WESSEL SWANEPOEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
Bark Peeling ◽  
A New Species

Petalidium kaokoense, here described as a new species, is only known from the Hartmann Mountains and one other location on the inland plateau in the Kaokoveld Centre of Endemism, northwestern Namibia, where it grows on hillsides and mountain slopes. Diagnostic characters for P. kaokoense include the stout trunk on older plants, white bark, peeling on the younger branches in long, narrow strips, stellate trichomes, short inflorescences of racemoid dichasia with acute linear-oblanceolate or linear-lanceolate bracts, flowers with maroon corollas with the two upper lobes connate towards the base and the lower lobe with two yellow spots near the base. A comparison of some of the more prominent morphological features to differentiate between Petalidium kaokoense and its presumed close relative, the morphologically similar P. physaloides, is provided. Based on IUCN Red List categories and criteria, a conservation assessment of Vulnerable (VU D1) is recommended for the new species.

Epipogium taiwanense, a detail morphological description and additional new record to mainland China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 453 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
XUN-FENG WU ◽  
QIANG LIU ◽  
YING TANG ◽  
KUAN-BO CHI ◽  
YU-QIAN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Longitudinal Ridge ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Red List Categories

Epipogium taiwanense, is published in the book of Illustrated Flora of Taiwan in 2018. However, here only the specimen and simply descriptions were existed on which the protologue was based. Plant and flowers characteristics were not described in enough detail in the original description. Fortunately, it was rediscovered from Yunnan and Sichuan Province, China. It is morphological similar to E. aphyllum, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by having large size flower bract (2.0 × 1.0 cm, significantly longer than pedicel and ovary), epichile of labellum concave with 1 longitudinal ridge on mid-lobe and the spur strongly recurve in the apex connecting with bottom of mid-lobe. A preliminary risk-of-ex­tinction assessment, according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, is given for the newly recorded species.

The Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata) of Kerala – Status and Distribution

ENTOMON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-238
Author(s):  
Vinayan P Nair ◽  
K. Abraham Samuel ◽  
Muhamed Jafer Palot ◽  
Kalesh Sadasivan
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Wildlife Protection ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Geographical Boundary ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
The Western Ghats

The odonate fauna of Kerala, their status and distribution are reviewed. Based on personal records from field work since 2010 and published literature, all the recent additions and range extensions to the region are critically analyzed and a revised checklist of odonates of Western Ghats and Kerala is provided. The current checklist of odonates of the Western Ghats stands at 207 species, including 80 endemics. A total of 181 species of Odonates, including 68 Western Ghats endemics, belonging to 87 genera under two suborders and 14 families were recorded from the geographical boundary of Kerala. The suborder Zygoptera comprises 74 species of damselflies (30 genera in seven families) and the suborder Anisoptera has 107 species (57 genera in seven families). Endemic species and those in IUCN Red List categories are enlisted. None of the odonate species from the region are protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972. A detailed discussion on odonates occurring in Kerala has been provided in the systematic part.

Begonia benitotanii (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to the Philippine island of Bucas Grande

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 513 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
ROSARIO RIVERA RUBITE ◽  
ROCHELLE YONGQUE BRILLANTES ◽  
DANILO N. TANDANG ◽  
CECILIA B. MORAN ◽  
MARK GREGORY Q. RULE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Philippine Island ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
A New Species

In 2011 and later in a 2018 field survey, an unknown Begonia species allied to taxa in section Petermannia was found in Bucas Grande Island. After thorough studies of the living plant, literature, and herbarium specimens we name the new species Begonia benitotanii, to honor Dr. Benito C. Tan, the internationally known Filipino muscologist. In 2011, there were two populations observed, each of about 300 individuals in a 100 m area. During recent fieldwork, one population was found decimated while the other was reduced to just about 50 individuals. The site is being converted into coconut, banana, and rice plantations. The area is not currently protected under the country’s National Integrated Protected Areas System by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. According to the IUCN red list categories and criteria, B. benitotanii is hereby proposed to be placed under the Critically Endangered (CR) category.

Synoptic revision of the genus Cyrtorchis Schltr. (Angraecinae, Orchidaceae) in Central Africa, with the description of a new species restricted to submontane vegetation

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
LAURA AZANDI ◽  
TARIQ STEVART ◽  
BONAVENTURE SONKÉ ◽  
MURIELLE SIMO-DROISSART ◽  
MARIE-LOUISE AVANA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
One New Species ◽  
A New Species

As a preliminary step to the taxonomic revision of the genus Cyrtorchis, a synoptic revision of the species occurring in Central Africa was undertaken. Based on a detailed examination of 1,039 herbarium specimens, including nomenclatural types, we have recognized 14 species in Central Africa (one of which is divided into two subspecies), including one new species that the study brought to light, described here as Cyrtorchis submontana. The new species closely resembles C. guillaumetii and C. brownii in general aspect, but differs from them in having thinner, small elliptic leaves and shorter, fewer-flowered, more lax inflorescences with shorter bracts. The species is restricted to submontane vegetation of Central Africa and is assessed as Endangered following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Cyrtorchis latibracteata and C. subcylindrifolia are lectotypified, and the latter is placed as a synonym under C. henriquesiana. Many new records are reported, and for each taxon the distribution, habitat and ecology are given. An identification key for the Central African taxa is also provided.

scholarly journals Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), a new species from Chin State, Myanmar

PhytoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-shun Zhou ◽  
Yunhong Tan ◽  
Xiao-hua Jin ◽  
Win Maung Kyaw ◽  
Myint Zyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Risk Of Extinction ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

Coelogynevictoria-reginae, a new species of sectionProliferae, from Natma Taung (Mt.Victoria) National Park, Chin State, Myanmar, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to C.prolifera, but the clustered pseudobulbs, pure brownish- red flowers and column wing with irregular notches at the apex of the new species differ from the other species. A preliminary risk-of-extinction assessment shows that the new species is regarded as EN C2a[i] according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

On the specific identity of Chinese endemic species Synotis longipes (Compositae-Senecioneae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 472 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
YU-LIN LIU ◽  
RUI ZHANG ◽  
CHEN REN ◽  
BING LIU ◽  
YU ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Variation Range ◽  
Specific Identity

Careful examination of herbarium specimens and observations in the field demonstrate that the morphological features including the stature, the growing style of leaves, the shape of inflorescence as well as the length of peduncles of Synotis longipes are all within the variation range of S. duclouxii, thus S. longipes is morphologically non-distinct from S. duclouxii and should be placed as a synonym of the latter. Color plates, distribution map of S. duclouxii and its related species are provided; the description of S. duclouxii is also revised.

scholarly journals Two new species of Primulina (Gesneriaceae) from limestone karsts of China

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong ◽  
Zhong-Lin Li ◽  
Jia-Zhi Liu ◽  
Shou-Biao Zhou ◽  
Wei-Hua Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
Terrestrial Biomes ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The limestone karst area of South China is a major biodiversity hotspot of global terrestrial biomes. During extensive field work on the Guangxi limestone formations, two unknown species of Gesneriaceae were collected. After conducting a comprehensive study of the literature and herbarium specimens, Primulina davidioides and P. hiemalis are recognized as two species new to science, and described and illustrated here. P. davidioides is morphologically close to P. lunglinensis based on the shape of the leaf and flower, but it can be easily distinguished by the shape of the bracts, corolla and stigma, indumentum of peduncles, pedicels and pistil and number of staminodes. P. hiemalis is closely relate to P. luzhaiensis in vegetative appearance, but differs in the shape of the calyx and stigma, number of bracts and staminodes, indumentum of the leaf blade and peduncle, and position of stamens in the corolla tube. Considering that not enough is known about their populations, it is proposed that their conservation statuses should currently be classed as data deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List Category and Criteria.

scholarly journals Taxonomic description and pollination ecology of Cyrtorchis okuensis (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae), a new species endemic to the Cameroon Volcanic Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-496
Author(s):  
Laura N. Azandi ◽  
Tariq Stévart ◽  
Bonaventure Sonké ◽  
Murielle Simo-Droissart ◽  
Tania D’haijère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Cameroon Volcanic Line ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
Hawkmoth Pollination

Background and aims – A recent taxonomic and molecular study of the genus Cyrtorchis revealed three new species. Here, we describe one of these new species, endemic to the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), and compare it to its closest relatives. Its conservation status is provided along with detailed information on its ecology and reproductive biology.Material and methods – A detailed examination of 21 herbarium specimens was performed using standard practices of herbarium taxonomy. The conservation status of the new species was assessed using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Furthermore, we investigated the reproductive biology of the new species in an easily accessible subpopulation in Cameroon and tested the hypothesis of hawkmoth pollination in the genus Cyrtorchis. Key results – The newly discovered species, here named C. okuensis, is restricted to the montane forest (1600 to 2500 m elevation) of the CVL and is currently assessed as Near Threatened (NT). Among angraecoid orchids in which hawkmoth pollination is recorded (~16 species), C. okuensis has the shortest nectar spur (19–40 mm). In situ observations revealed hawkmoths with short proboscis of the genus Hippotion (H. celerio, H. eson, and H. osiris) as the main pollinators. The rate of pollination and fruiting under natural conditions was low and among the 448 surveyed flowers only 38.8% (174/448 flowers) had their pollinia removed, 19% produced fruits (87/448 flowers), and 16% (70/448 flowers) set mature fruits. Conclusion – Cyrtorchis okuensis is clearly differentiated from C. submontana by its longer and wider floral bracts, longer anther caps, and wider triangular dorsal sepal.

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