Cucurbitinus gen. nov. (Halosphaeriaceae, Microascales), a new genus to accommodate Cucurbitinus constrictus comb. nov. and Cucurbitinus ibericus comb. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 455 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
LING-LING LIU ◽  
NINGGUO LIU ◽  
JING YANG ◽  
YAYA CHEN ◽  
ZUOYI LIU
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Guizhou Province

Two strains, representing trichocladium-like species, were collected from a freshwater lake in Guizhou Province, China. Based on the morphological characters, they were well identified as Trichocladium constrictum who lacked molecular data. In the phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS and SSU sequence data, the collections cluster together with Cirrenalia iberica within Halosphaeriaceae but formed a distinct clade to the type of Cirrenalia (Halosphaeriaceae) and Trichocladium (Chaetomiaceae). The significant long conidiophores of Trichocladium constrictum differ from those of other Trichocladium species. The straight conidia of Cirrenalia iberica is distinguished from curved conidia of other Cirrenalia species. In line with the morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses, Cucurbitinus gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate Trichocladium constrictum and Cirrenalia iberica as Cucurbitinus constrictus comb. nov. and Cucurbitinus ibericus comb. nov. Descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa are provided with discussion of the reclassification.

scholarly journals Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals new species in Rhytismataceae (Rhytismatales, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota) from Guizhou Province, China

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Jin-Feng Zhang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
Anusha H. Ekanayaka ◽  
Zuo-Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Karst Terrains

Karst formations represent a unique eco-environment. Research in the microfungi inhabiting this area is limited. During an ongoing survey of ascomycetous microfungi from karst terrains in Guizhou Province, China, we discovered four new species, which are introduced here as Hypoderma paralinderae, Terriera karsti, T. meitanensis and T. sigmoideospora placed in Rhytismataceae, based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters. Molecular analyses, based on concatenated LSU-ITS-mtSSU sequence data, were used to infer phylogenetic affinities. Detail descriptions and comprehensive illustrations of these new taxa are provided and relationships with the allied species are discussed, based on comparative morphology and molecular data.

scholarly journals New species in Dictyosporium, new combinations in Dictyocheirospora and an updated backbone tree for Dictyosporiaceae

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
E.B. Gareth Jones ◽  
Zuo-Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Freshwater Fungi ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Backbone Tree

A survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in China and Thailand resulted in the collection of three species in Dictyocheirospora and four species in Dictyosporium including two new species in the latter genus. Morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data support their placement in Dictyocheirospora and Dictyosporium (Dothideomycetes). An updated backbone tree is provided for the family Dothideomycetes. Descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa and re-collections are provided. Four new combinations are proposed for Dictyocheirospora.

scholarly journals Introducing Chaetothyriothecium, a new genus of Microthyriales

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinang Hongsanan ◽  
Putarak Chomnunti ◽  
Pedro W. Crous ◽  
Ekachai Chukeatirote ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Limited Sampling ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Gene Data ◽  
Central Thailand

The order Microthyriales comprises foliar biotrophs, epiphytes, pathogens or saprobes that occur on plant leaves and stems. The order is relatively poorly known due to limited sampling and few in-depth studies. There is also a lack of phylogenetic data for these fungi, which form small black spots on plant host surfaces, but rarely cause any damage to the host. A "Microthyriaceae"-like fungus collected in central Thailand is described as a new genus, Chaetothyriothecium (type species Chaetothyriothecium elegans sp. nov.). Phylogenetic analyses of LSU gene data showed this species to cluster with other members of Microthyriales, where it is related to Microthyrium microscopicum the type of the order. The description of the new species is supplemented by DNA sequence data, which resolves its placement in the order. Little molecular data is available for this order, stressing the need for further collections and molecular data.

scholarly journals Morpho-molecular diversity of Linocarpaceae (Chaetosphaeriales): Claviformispora gen. nov. from decaying branches of Phyllostachys heteroclada

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Xiu-Lan Xu ◽  
Chun-Lin Yang ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon ◽  
Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe ◽  
Ying-Gao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Distinct Genus

In this paper, Claviformisporagen. nov. in Linocarpaceae is introduced from Phyllostachys heteroclada in Sichuan Province, China. The new genus is characterised by its distinct morphological characters, such as ostiole with periphyses, asci with a thick doughnut-shaped, J- apical ring and clavate ascospore without septum-like band and appendage. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequence data from ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF-1α regions, provide further evidence that the fungus is a distinct genus within this family. The new genus is compared with similar genera, such as Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon. Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for the new taxon.

New epiphytic sooty molds: Alloscorias syngonii (Readerielliopsidaceae) from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 507 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUKANYA HAITUK ◽  
NAKARIN SUWANNARACH ◽  
SINANG HONGSANAN ◽  
CHANOKNED SENWANNA ◽  
RATCHADAWAN CHEEWANGKOON
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distinct Genus

A novel taxon was found as epiphytic sooty molds on Syngonium podophyllum from Thailand. A new genus, Alloscorias gen. nov. is established to accommodate a novel taxon, named A. syngonii. The morphological characters of the species are observed in culture. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of LSU, ITS, TEF-1α and RPB2 sequence data together with morphological support that Alloscorias is a distinct genus within Readerielliopsidaceae (Capnodiales). Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided in this paper.

scholarly journals Investigating the Bivalve Tree of Life – an exemplar-based approach combining molecular and novel morphological characters

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Bieler ◽  
Paula M. Mikkelsen ◽  
Timothy M. Collins ◽  
Emily A. Glover ◽  
Vanessa L. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Encoding Genes

To re-evaluate the relationships of the major bivalve lineages, we amassed detailed morpho-anatomical, ultrastructural and molecular sequence data for a targeted selection of exemplar bivalves spanning the phylogenetic diversity of the class. We included molecular data for 103 bivalve species (up to five markers) and also analysed a subset of taxa with four additional nuclear protein-encoding genes. Novel as well as historically employed morphological characters were explored, and we systematically disassembled widely used descriptors such as gill and stomach ‘types’. Phylogenetic analyses, conducted using parsimony direct optimisation and probabilistic methods on static alignments (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) of the molecular data, both alone and in combination with morphological characters, offer a robust test of bivalve relationships. A calibrated phylogeny also provided insights into the tempo of bivalve evolution. Finally, an analysis of the informativeness of morphological characters showed that sperm ultrastructure characters are among the best morphological features to diagnose bivalve clades, followed by characters of the shell, including its microstructure. Our study found support for monophyly of most broadly recognised higher bivalve taxa, although support was not uniform for Protobranchia. However, monophyly of the bivalves with protobranchiate gills was the best-supported hypothesis with incremental morphological and/or molecular sequence data. Autobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Heteroconchia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Euheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia new clade ( = Euheterodonta excluding Anomalodesmata) were recovered across analyses, irrespective of data treatment or analytical framework. Another clade supported by our analyses but not formally recognised in the literature includes Palaeoheterodonta and Archiheterodonta, which emerged under multiple analytical conditions. The origin and diversification of each of these major clades is Cambrian or Ordovician, except for Archiheterodonta, which diverged from Palaeoheterodonta during the Cambrian, but diversified during the Mesozoic. Although the radiation of some lineages was shifted towards the Palaeozoic (Pteriomorphia, Anomalodesmata), or presented a gap between origin and diversification (Archiheterodonta, Unionida), Imparidentia showed steady diversification through the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic. Finally, a classification system with six major monophyletic lineages is proposed to comprise modern Bivalvia: Protobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia.

Affinities of four freshwater putative “Chantransia” stages (Rhodophyta) in Southern China from molecular and morphological data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 441 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
JIN-FEN HAN ◽  
FANG-RU NAN ◽  
JIA FENG ◽  
JUN-PING LV ◽  
QI LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Description

Four putative “Chantransia” isolates were collected from four locations in Hubei and Yunnan Provinces, China. Morphological analyses were conducted on all isolates. Two specimens (HB26 and YN2) fit the morphological description of A. pygmaea, while the other two isolates (YN1 and YN3) varied in morphology, but were within the circumscription of Audouinella hermannii. Due to the fact that the morphological characters of the “Chantransia” stages of order Batrachospermales and the species of genus Audouinella are too similar to be distinguished, a molecular analysis was performed to clarify the phylogenetic position of these four isolates based on rbcL and psbA sequences. Two “pygmaea” specimens collected from Jiugong Mountain, Hubei Province (HB26) and Shimen Gorge, Yunnan Province (YN2), such as S. jiugongshanensis and S. shimenxiaensis, are proposed primarily based on the DNA sequence data generated in this study. The description of these two new species provides more molecular data for phylogenetic analysis of the genus Sheathia. In addition to these newly described species, the results strongly support that those “hermannii” isolates (YN1 and YN3) collected from Yunnan Province were the “Chantransia” of S. arcuata. However, their gametophyte stages have not been found, meaning that critical diagnostic morphological features were unavailable and molecular methods were the only means for ascertaining their phylogenetic position. Considering the extensive application of the rbcL and psbA genes in phylogenetic analyses of freshwater red algae, we recommend using these two genes to identify species when no morphological characteristics are available.

Sporidesmium guizhouense sp. nov. (Sordariomycetes incertae sedis), a new species from a freshwater habitat in Guizhou Province, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 422 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
LING-LING LIU ◽  
JING YANG ◽  
NING-GUO LIU ◽  
YA-YA CHEN ◽  
XIAO-XIA GUI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Freshwater Habitat ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
A New Species

During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, a collection from a submerged decaying twig in Baihua Lake was identified as a new species of Sporidesmium sensu lato based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, TEF1α and RPB2 sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses supported its placement in Sordariomycetes but the fungus grouped distant from Sporidesmium sensu stricto, and its ordinal or familial position within the class remained inconclusive. Sporidesmium guizhouense sp. nov. is introduced with an illustrated account and notes on its taxonomy, phylogeny and systematic position are provided.

scholarly journals Ligninsphaeria jonesii gen. et. sp. nov., a remarkable bamboo inhabiting ascomycete

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN-FENG ZHANG ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
YONG-XIANG LIU ◽  
ALI H. BAHKALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Distinct Lineage

A new ascomycete species, inhabiting decaying bamboo culms, is introduced in this paper based on morphology and molecular evidence. Analyses of partial LSU sequence data place the taxon in a monophyletic clade within the order Pleosporales. Morphological characters of the taxon are also distinct from other members of Pleosporales. Ligninsphaeria jonesii gen. et sp. nov. is therefore introduced to accommodate the new taxon, which is characterized by its clypeate, scattered, deeply immersed ascomata, with a slit-like opening, long ostioles, cellular pseudoparaphyses, clavate asci containing broad-fusiform and 1-septate ascospores surrounded by a gelatinous cap at both ends. The phylogenetic analyses show that the new taxon is phylogenetically close but distinct from the families Amniculicolaceae and Testudinaceae, and forms a distinct clade from other taxa in Pleosporales. The new taxon is described and compared with similar taxa. A new genus Ligninsphaeria (Pleosporales, incertae sedis) is introduced to accommodate this distinct lineage.

scholarly journals Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Haplohelminthosporium gen. nov. and Helminthosporiella gen. nov. Associated with Palms in Thailand and A Checklist for Helminthosporium Reported Worldwide

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Sirinapa Konta ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽  
Ausana Mapook ◽  
Chanokned Senwanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Full Description ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Diverse Range

Palms (Arecaceae) are substrates for a highly diverse range of fungi. Many species are known as saprobes and many are important plant pathogens. Over the course of our studies of micro-fungi from palms in Thailand, two new taxa were discovered. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, and tef1-α sequence data revealed their taxonomic positions within Massarinaceae. There are currently ten genera identified and accepted in Massarinaceae, with the addition of the two new genera of Haplohelminthosporium and Helminthosporiella, that are introduced in this paper. Each new genus is provided with a full description and notes, and each new taxon is provided with an illustration for the holotype. A list of identified and accepted species of Helminthosporium with morphology, host information, locality, sequence data, and related references of Helminthosporium reported worldwide is provided based on records in Species Fungorum 2021. This work provides a micro-fungi database of Haplohelminthosporium, Helminthosporiella, and Helminthosporium which can be modified and validated as new data come to light.

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