An updated species inventory of Callithamnion sensu lato Rhodophyta, Callithamniaceae in South Africa with the description of Callithamnion africanum sp. nov.

The species diversity of Callithamnion sensu lato in South Africa is re-visited using existing literature, morphology and DNA. The identity of a putative new species is confirmed as distinct using DNA and is described here as Callithamnion africanum sp. nov. Callithamnion africanum differs molecularly and morphologically from a similar species, C. cordatum with which it shares a similar habitat and distribution range in South Africa. Callithamnion africanum is resolved in the Callithamnion sensu stricto clade and is sister to the type species of the genus, Callithamnion corymbosum. Additionally, Callithamnion stuposum, a species described from South Africa and a common component of the seaweed flora, was recovered in the larger, unresolved Callithamnion sensu lato clade. An updated species inventory of Callithamnion sensu lato in South Africa is provided, and indicates a lack of sequence data for the large majority of species. Furthermore, a global rbcL phylogeny highlights a number of taxonomic concerns regarding the classification of taxa circumscribed to Callithamnion sensu lato and calls for a global revision using DNA, type specimens or material collected from near type localities.

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Revision of Batrachospermum sections Acarposporophytum and Aristata (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) with the establishment of the new genera Acarposporophycos and Visia

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.395.2.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 395 (2) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

ORLANDO NECCHI JR ◽

AURO GARCIA FILHO ◽

MONICA O. PAIANO

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Sequence Divergence ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Similar Species ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Generic Level ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Cell Layers

Sections of the paraphyletic genus Batrachospermum have been recently investigated using molecular (DNA sequence data) and morphological evidence. Some sections have been recognized as distinct genera in order to resolve paraphyly. Batrachospermum species of sections Acarposporophytum and Aristata are showed to form well-supported clades and, in this study, we propose to raise them to the generic level, Acarposporophycos gen. nov. and Visia gen. nov., respectively. In addition, we re-evaluated the characters used to circumscribe species by reexamining type specimens as well as new collections. Acarposporophycos, with the sole species A. brasiliensis, is characterized by the lack of carposporophytic stage, with the fertilized carpogonia germinating to form directly the filaments of the ‘Chantransia’ stage on the gametophyte. Of the five previously accepted species in the genus Visia, we recognize four species: V. cayennensis—type species (synonym Batrachospermum beraense), V. cylindrocellularis, V. longiarticulata and V. turgida. The species are circumscribed on the basis of morphological characteristics (shape and cell layers of primary fascicles, occurrence of secondary fascicles, post-fertilization development of carpogonia) and DNA sequence data (rbcL and COI-5P). Specimens described as Visia cayennensis from Australia and Brazil had a high sequence divergence in comparison to those from or near the type locality (French Guiana), and are here referred to as Visia spp. Further studies are recommended to better discriminate these morphologically similar species on a broad geographical scale and define their status at the species level. Descriptions, identification key and photomicrographs are presented for each recognized species.

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Ontogenetic changes in mouth morphology triggers conflicting hypotheses of relationships in characid fishes (Ostariophysi: Characiformes)

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20160073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alice Hirschmann ◽

Nelson J. R. Fagundes ◽

Luiz R. Malabarba

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Ontogenetic Changes ◽

Phylogeographic Analysis ◽

Single Tooth ◽

Primary Hypothesis ◽

A New Species

ABSTRACT Bryconamericus lethostigmus is the type-species of the monotypic genus Odontostoechus, diagnosed in part based on the presence of a unique tooth series in the premaxilla. Recently a new proposal of classification of the Stevardiinae placed Odontostoechus as a junior synonym of a monophyletic genus Bryconamericus sensu stricto, a genus characterized by the presence of two tooth series. Bryconamericus lethostigmus is redescribed herein and the single tooth series in the premaxilla is demonstrated to originate from merging of the external tooth row with the inner row during ontogeny refuting primary hypothesis of homology between the mouth morphology of B. lethostigmus and the genera Bryconacidnus, Ceratobranchia, Monotocheirodon, Othonocheirodus, Rhinopetitia and Rhinobrycon. A phylogeographic analysis indicated that the pattern described for the sympatric species Diapoma itaimbe is not mirrored by B. lethostigmus. The results also do not support the hypothesis of a new species in the rio Araranguá drainage.

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Anischia, Perothops and the phylogeny of Elateroidea (Coleoptera: Elateriformia)

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/187631207794761001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 205-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Gunilla Ståhls ◽

Jyrki Muona ◽

Varpu Vahtera ◽

Marianna Teräväinen ◽

John Lawrence

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

New Combination ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

The Family ◽

Cladistic Analyses ◽

Three New Species

AbstractThe larvae of Anischia Fleutiaux and Perothops Laporte are described. Cladistic analyses based on adult and larval morphology, as well as CO1 sequence data, place both genera in the Eucnemidae clade within the Elateroidea (sensu stricto). The subfamily Anischiinae Fleutiaux, 1936 is placed in the family Eucnemidae in a clade containing the more derived eucnemid subfamilies (Melasinae, Eucneminae and Macraulacinae), while Perothops and Phyllocerus Lepeletier & Serville represent subfamilies basal to the remaining eucnemid taxa. The genus Afranischia Basilewsky, 1955 is synonymized with Anischia Fleutiaux, 1896, and Anischia boliviana Fleutiaux is selected as the type species of the latter. Three new species are described: Anischia bicolor (New Caledonia), Anischia kuscheli (New Caledonia) and Anischia monteithi (NE Australia), and Anischia stupenda Fleutiaux, 1897 is recorded from Australia. Anischia crassicornis Champion, 1897 is synonymized with Anischia mexicana Fleutiaux, 1896. One new combination is made, Anischia ruandana (Basilewsky, 1955).

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Redefining the generic limits of Winthemia (Diptera : Tachinidae)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is15037 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 274 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diego J. Inclán ◽

John O. Stireman ◽

Pierfilippo Cerretti

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Systematic Study ◽

Type Species ◽

Genetic Evidence ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities

One of the major problems hindering the systematic study of tachinid flies is that genera are often poorly defined, making it difficult to unambiguously assign species among closely related genera. Within the tribe Winthemiini, an example of this problem is represented by the unstable classification of the Afrotropical species most recently classified as Smidtia capensis (Schiner). This species has been previously assigned to four different genera on the basis of limited examination and evidence. Here, we evaluate the identity and phylogenetic affinities of this species and other members of the tribe Winthemiini using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis. We demonstrate that S. capensis actually belongs to the genus Winthemia Robineau-Desvoidy. We also find that Winthemia is paraphyletic with respect to two monotypic genera, Crypsina (type species Crypsina prima Brauer & Bergenstamm) and Hemiwinthemia (type species Hemiwinthemia calva Villeneuve). On the basis of morphological and genetic evidence, we propose to extend the generic limits of Winthemia to include W. londti, sp. nov. (South Africa), W. capensis (Schiner), comb. nov. (South Africa), W. prima (Brauer & Bergenstamm), comb. nov. (China, Japan, Australia) and W. calva (Villeneuve), comb. nov. (D.R. Congo), thus synonymising with Winthemia the generic names Crypsina, syn. nov. and Hemiwinthemia, syn. nov.

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Multi-locus phylogeny reveals Phaeodothis mori sp. nov. (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) from dead leaves of Morus australis

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.428.3.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 428 (3) ◽

pp. 241-254

Author(s):

DANUSHKA S. TENNAKOON ◽

CHANG-HSIN KUO ◽

KEVIN D. HYDE

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Comprehensive Description ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

Natural Classification ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities ◽

A New Species

In order to establish the phylogenetic relationships and to resolve the natural classification of species in Dothideomycetes, it is necessary to use multi-gene phylogeny as well as morphology. Phaeodothis mori is a new species collected from dead leaves of Morus australis from Chiayi, Taiwan. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were performed based on multi-locus phylogenies of ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1-α to clarify the phylogenetic affinities of the species. Phaeodothis mori is distinguished from the other Phaeodothis species based on distinct size differences in ascomata, asci, ascospores and base pair differences in DNA sequence data. Remarkably, this is the first Phaeodothis species recorded from Morus australis. The new species was compared with the type species of Phaeodothis and a comprehensive description and micrographs were provided.

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On some new and old soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from Africa, with description of a new Coccus species and introduction of a new genus

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4612.3.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4612 (3) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

BOŻENA ŁAGOWSKA ◽

CHRIS J. HODGSON

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Scale Insects ◽

Similar Species ◽

Soft Scale ◽

Adult Females ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

A new species of soft scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha; Cocccidae) from South Africa, Coccus giliomeei Łagowska & Hodgson sp. n., collected on Gymnosporia buxifolia (L.) Szyszyl, is described and illustrated. Also, Coccus rhodesiensis (Hall) is recorded for the first time from South Africa and is redescribed and illustrated based on the adult females of the type series and fresh South African specimens. An updated key to the species of Coccus and similar species known from Africa is included. Based on this latter study, (i) Marsipococcus proteae (Brain) and M. durbanensis (Brain) are considered not to be congeneric with Marsipococcus marsupialis (Green), the type species of Marsipococcus Cockerell & Bueker, and are placed in a new genus Proteacoccus Łagowska & Hodgson, gen. n. with Lecanium proteae Brain as the type species; (ii) it is considered that Coccus asiaticus Lindinger is clearly not a junior synonym of Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) and is accepted as a full species, rev. stat., and (iii) Neoplatylecanium adersi (Newstead) is considered to be non-conspecific with N. cinnamomi Takahashi, the type species of Neoplatylecanium Takahashi, and is transferred to Maacoccus Tao & Wong, as Maacoccus adersi (Newstead), comb. n.

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Studies on Parmulariaceae I. A phylogeny based on available sequence data; introducing Parmulariales ord. nov., and Hemigraphaceae, Melaspileellaceae and Stictographaceae fam. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.369.2.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 369 (2) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DONG-QIN DAI ◽

LI-ZHOU TANG ◽

CHAO LIU ◽

HAI-BO WANG ◽

KEVIN D. HYDE

Keyword(s):

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Phylogenetic Tree ◽

Type Species ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

New Order ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

Phylogenic Analysis ◽

The Family

The family Parmulariaceae comprises three polyphyletic genera, but with very little data in GenBank and is presently placed in the order Asterinales. In this study, we re-analyze the available sequence data for taxa of the family and re-examine the type species of Hemigrapha, Inocyclus and Parmularia. The phylogenetic tree generated from maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined LSU-SSU sequence data demonstrate the relationships among Hemigrapha, Inocyclus and Parmularia species, and the relations of Buelliella, Karschia, Labrocarpon, Lembosia, Melaspileella, Melaspileopsis and Stictographa. We introduce Parmulariales ord. nov. to accommodate Parmulariaceae and the order Asterinales accommodates Asterinaceae, Asterotexaceae, Hemigraphaceae fam. nov., Melaspileellaceae fam. nov. and Stictographaceae fam. nov. Notes for each new order and families are provided. We confirm that Asterinaceae sensu lato is distant from Asterinaceae sensu stricto in the phylogenic analysis. The classification presented here is provisional, as more species are needed to re-collected and sequenced. We expect further support for our ordinal and familial lineages, as well as further novel lineages.

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Revision of the ant-eating spider genus Mallinus Simon, 1893 (Araneae, Zodariidae)

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.822.29835 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 822 ◽

pp. 141-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Charles R. Haddad ◽

Arnaud Henrard ◽

Rudy Jocqué

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Type Species ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Male Specimen ◽

Species Inquirenda ◽

Ant Eating ◽

First Time

The zodariine spider genus Mallinus Simon, 1893 is redescribed and diagnosed. The type species, M.nitidiventris Simon, 1893 from South Africa, was originally described from subadult specimens. Adults of both sexes of M.nitidiventris are described for the first time, based on recently collected material, and the genus is rediagnosed, redescribed, and its relationships discussed. A single aberrant male specimen from Namibia is here described as a morphospecies, as it is presumed to only be superficially related. A second species, M.defectus Strand, 1906 from Tunisia, is considered a ‘species inquirenda’, as the type specimens could not be traced, but this species is in any case unlikely to be congeneric. The genus is one of 10 cases of a monotypic genus in the Zodariidae. Notes are provided on the biology of M.nitidiventris.

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Urolabida graziae, new urostylidid species from the Philippines with comments on the current taxonomy and systematics of the family (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Urostylididae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4958 (1) ◽

pp. 702-712

Author(s):

MARCOS ROCA-CUSACHS ◽

MERCEDES PARIS ◽

ALMA MOHAGAN ◽

SUNGHOON JUNG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

New Genus ◽

The Philippines ◽

Type Specimens ◽

External Appearance ◽

The Family ◽

A New Species ◽

Male Genital

A new species of Urostylididae from the Philippine islands (Mindanao) is herein described. This new species, similar to Urolabida bipunctata Stål, 1871, differs from the latter in the shape of the external male genitalia. Urolabida bipunctata and the new species, Urolabida graziae Roca-Cusachs, sp. nov., are extremely similar in external appearance, and fit into the (incomplete) description of genus Urolabida Westwood, 1837. The examination and comparison with the type specimens of other Urostylididae species, especially the male genital capsule, clearly separates this two species from Urolabida tenera Westwood, 1837, the type species of the genus Urolabida, however the taxonomy of this group is not resolved and needs a deep revision, therefore we refrain from description of a new genus-group taxon here. Additionally, images of the type specimens of Urolabida tenera, Urostylis histrionica Westwood, 1837, and Urostylis punctigera Westwood, 1837, are provided and discussion on the current systematics and classification of the family, and particularly of genus Urolabida are also given.

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Replacement name for Cleta Mulsant, 1850 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4869.1.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4869 (1) ◽

pp. 149-150

Author(s):

KAROL SZAWARYN ◽

WIOLETTA TOMASZEWSKA

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

New World ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

New Classification ◽

Ladybird Beetles ◽

The Family ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

World Fauna

Recently the classification of the ladybird beetles’ tribe Epilachnini was revised based on morphological and molecular data (Szawaryn et al. 2015, Tomaszewska & Szawaryn 2016). Based on these findings a new classification of the tribe was proposed. The genus Epilachna Chevrolat in Dejean, 1837 sensu lato was split into several clades, with Epilachna sensu stricto limited to New World fauna, and one of the Afrotropical clades, formerly defined as Epilachna sahlbergi-group (Fürsch 1963), has been named Chazeauiana Tomaszewska & Szawaryn, 2015 (Szawaryn et al. 2015), with Epilachna sahlbergi Mulsant, 1850 as the type species. However, that taxon received an unnecessary replacement name, as Mulsant (1850) already described a subgenus of Epilachna named Cleta distributed in Afrotropics, with Epilachna eckloni Mulsant, 1850 as the type species, which also belongs to the E. sahlbergi-group. Consequently Cleta has been elevated to the genus level (Tomaszewska & Szawaryn 2016) and Chazeuiana was synonymized with Cleta as a junior synonym. Nonetheless, authors (Tomaszewska & Szawaryn 2016) were not aware that the name Cleta is preoccupied. It appeared that Duponchel (1845) established the genus Cleta in the family Geometridae (Lepidoptera) that makes Cleta Mulsant (1850) a junior homonym. Therefore, we propose here Afrocleta nom. nov. as a replacement name for Cleta Mulsant, 1850.

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