scholarly journals Diversity of Trichoptera emergence and their longitudinal distribution along streams in central Palawan, the Philippines

Zoosymposia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
WOLFRAM MEY ◽  
HENDRIK FREITAG
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Real Number ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
The Real ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Emergence Traps ◽  
Single Locality

Trichoptera emergences were cumulatively collected from two rivers in central Palawan over 11 months by use of specially modified emergence traps. The quantitative samples were identified at species level. Fifty morphospecies, of which fifteen have been recently newly described, are recognized. The highest species diversity was found in pristine headwater streams. Leptoceridae were most speciose with eleven Oecetis spp., four Leptocerus spp., two Adicella spp., and one species each of Tagalopsyche, Triaenodes, and Triplectides. Highest abundances were observed for Ecnomus cabayugani (Ecnomidae), Dipseudopsis digitata, and Hyalopsyche winkleri (Dipseudopsidae) which contributed alone 34% of the annual emergence. A mid-stream site where mayflies were mainly absent had the highest Trichoptera emergence, brackish water sites the lowest. Many species in Palawan (44% of the taxa) were recorded at a single locality, suggesting that they are stenoecious and that the real number of species on the island might be distinctly higher. This is the first study ever covering quantitative and species-level Trichoptera emergence data for a longitudinal river course.

scholarly journals Noteworthy Record of Eptesicus brasiliensis (Vespertilionidae) in Honduras

Ceiba ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Espinal ◽  
José Manuel Mora
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Official Record ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Riparian Corridor

Although the Brazilian brown bat (Eptesicus brasiliensis) has been included in some Honduras bat lists, there is not an official record or a scientific publication supporting it. Here we confirm the presence of the Brazilian brown bat in Honduras. We mist-netted a female Brazilian brown bat in Choluteca, southern Honduras. The individual was captured over a path near a riparian corridor in a coffee plantation. We also include the spectrogram of the species call recorded at the same locality. The Honduras bat list achieves now 108 species although there is a debate about the real number of species in the country.

scholarly journals An algebraic proof of the real number PCP theorem

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 34-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn Baartse ◽  
Klaus Meer
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Algebraic Proof ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pcp Theorem

scholarly journals What Does Productivity Really Mean? Towards an Integrative Paradigm in the Search for Biodiversity-Productivity Relationships

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangjun HU ◽  
Qinfeng GUO
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Real Root ◽  
Spatial Scaling ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Community Or ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

How species diversity relates to productivity remains a major debate. To date, however, the underlying mechanisms that regulate the ecological processes involved are still poorly understood. Three major issues persist in early efforts at resolution. First, in the context that productivity drives species diversity, how the pathways operate is poorly-explained. Second, productivity  per se varies with community or ecosystem maturity. If diversity indeed drives productivity, the criterion of choosing appropriate measures for productivity is not available. Third, spatial scaling suggests that sampling based on small-plots may not be suitable for formulating species richness-productivity relationships (SRPRs). Thus, the long-standing assumption simply linking diversity with productivity and pursuing a generalizing pattern may not be robust. We argue that productivity, though defined as ‘the rate of biomass production’, has been measured in two ways environmental surrogates and biomass production leading to misinterpretations and difficulty in the pursuit of generalizable SRPRs. To tackle these issues, we developed an integrative theoretical paradigm encompassing richer biological and physical contexts and clearly reconciling the major processes of the systems, using proper productivity measures and sampling units. We conclude that loose interpretation and confounding measures of productivity may be the real root of current SRPR inconsistencies and debate.

scholarly journals II. On the Number of the Lost Books of Tacitus. By the Lord Mahon

Archaeologia ◽  
1838 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
The Real

The historical works of Tacitus which remain to us are, as is well known, besides the Life of Agricola, the four first books of the Annals, part of the fifth, the sixth, the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, and part of the sixteenth, the four first books of the History, and part of the fifth. It is asserted by Brotier, in his excellent edition, that the total number of books must have been sixteen of Annals and fourteen of History, and this assertion has never yet, so far as I know, been doubted or called in question. I think, however, that there are strong grounds for presuming that the real number of books was eighteen of Annals and twelve of History; and, though the point be of small importance, it may perhaps not be without some interest to the admirers of the greatest of Historians.

Tree density, basal area and species diversity in a disturbed dry tropical forest of northern India: implications for conservation

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. SAGAR ◽  
J.S. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Northern India

Dry tropical forest communities are among the world's most threatened systems and urgent measures are required to protect and restore them in degraded landscapes. For planning conservation strategies, there is a need to determine the few essential measurable properties, such as number of species and basal area, that best describe the dry forest vegetation and its environment, and to document quantitative relationships among them. This paper examines the relationships between forest basal area and diversity components (number of species and evenness) for a disturbed dry tropical forest of northern India. Data were collected from five sites located in the Vindhyan dry tropical forest of India, selected on the basis of satellite images and field observations to represent the entire range of conditions in terms of canopy cover and disturbance regimes. These sites represented different communities in terms of species composition. The forest was poorer in species richness, and lower in stem density and basal area than wet forests of the tropics. Across sites (communities), the diversity components and tree density were positively related with total tree basal area. Considering basal area as a surrogate of biomass and net production, diversity is found to be positively associated with productivity. A positive relationship between basal area, tree density and species diversity may be an important characteristic of the dry forest, where recurring disturbance does not permit concentration of biomass or stems in only a few strong competitors. However, the relationships of basal area with density, alpha diversity and evenness remain statistically significant only when data from all sites, including the extremely disturbed one, are used in the analysis. In some sites there was a greater coefficient of variation (CV) of basal area than in others, attributed to patchy distribution of stems and resultant blanks. Therefore, to enhance the tree diversity of these forests, the variability in tree basal area must be reduced by regulating local disturbances. Conservation activities, particularly fuelwood plantations near human settlements, deferred grazing and canopy enrichment through multi-species plantations of nursery-raised or wild-collected seedlings of desirable species within the forest patches of low basal area, will be needed to attain restoration goals, but reforestation programmes will have to be made attractive to the forest-dwelling communities.

scholarly journals Biodiversity Inventory and Distribution of Metriorrhynchina Net-Winged Beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae), with the Identification of Generic Ranges

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Ladislav Bocak ◽  
Michal Motyka ◽  
Dominik Kusy ◽  
Renata Bilkova
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Biodiversity Inventory ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Northern Edge

We reviewed the species-level classification of Metriorrhynchina net-winged beetles to make the group accessible for further studies. Altogether, 876 valid species are listed in a checklist along with known synonyms, combinations, and distribution data. The compilation of geographic distribution showed that Metriorrhynchina is distributed mainly in the Australian region with very high diversity in the islands at the northern edge of the Australian craton, i.e., in the Moluccas and New Guinea (54 and 423 spp. respectively). The neighboring northern part of the Australian continent houses a majority of known Australian species (112 spp.) and the diversity of net-winged beetles gradually decreases to the south (43 spp.). The fauna of Sulawesi is highly endemic at the generic level (4 of 10 genera, 67 of 84 spp.). Less Metriorrhynchina occur in the Solomon Islands and Oceania (in total 22 spp.). The Oriental Metriorrhynchina fauna consists of a few genera and a limited number of species, and most of these are known from the Philippines (51 of 94 Oriental spp.). We identified a high species level turn-over between all neighboring landmasses. The genus-level endemism is high in Sulawesi (4 genera) and New Guinea (11 genera), but only a single genus is endemic to Australia. During the compilation of the checklist, we identified some homonyms, and we propose the following replacement names and a new synonym: Metriorrhynchus pseudobasalis, nom. nov. for M. basalis Lea, 1921 nec M. basalis Bourgeois, 1911; Metriorrhynchus pseudofunestus, nom. nov. for M. funestus Lea, 1921 nec M. funestus (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), Trichalus pseudoternatensis, nom. nov. for T. ternatensis Kleine, 1930 nec T. ternatensis Bourgeois, 1900, Procautires subparallelus, nom. nov. for P. parallelus (Pic, 1926) nec P. parallelus (Bourgeois, 1883), and Cautires pseudocorporaali, nom. nov. for C. corporaali (Pic, 1921: 12), (formerly Odontocerus and Cladophorus) nec C. corporaali (Pic, 1921) (formerly Bulenides, later Cautires). Diatrichalus biroi Kleine, 1943, syn. nov. is proposed as a junior subjective synonym of D. subarcuatithorax (Pic, 1926). Altogether, 161 new combinations are proposed, and 47 species earlier placed in Xylobanus Waterhouse, 1879 transferred from Cautirina to Metriorrhynchina incertae sedis. The study clarifies the taxonomy of Metriorrhynchini and should serve as a restarting point for further taxonomic, evolutionary, and biogeographic studies.

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