Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitatsóthe hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1164 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIM LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
Fuca Ridge ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
New Information ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Gorda Ridge

The tanaidacean fauna from hydrothermal vents habitats on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough, Gorda Ridge and from experimental wood deployments, is examined. The material revealed species belonging to the genera; Armaturatanais, Meromonakantha, Neotanais, Pseudotanais, Protanais, Typhlotanais, and an undescribed typhlotanaid genus. The tanaidaceanfauna was almost exclusively dominated by Protanais, which in turn was almost exclusively found on recovered wood blocks. Most species are new to science and the species Armaturatanais trispinipodus n. sp. and Protanais ligniamator n. sp. are described. New information on tanaidacean ontogenetic variation is given for Protanais ligniamator.

scholarly journals Amphipoda (Crustacea; Peracarida) from the Hydrothermal vent system of the Juan De Fuca Ridge, Escabana trough and Gorda ridge, Northeast Pacific. Part I. Lysianassidae and Sebidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1445 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIM LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
Fuca Ridge ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Gorda Ridge

The amphipod fauna from hydrothermal vent habitats on the Juan de Fuca Ridge and from experimental wood deployments are examined. The material revealed, among others, a number of lysianassid species belonging to the genera, Paronesimoides Pirlot, 1933 and Schisturella Norman, 1900, and a species of the family Sebidae, belonging to the genus Seba Bate, 1862. The new species: Paronesimoides voightae, Schisturella hansgeorgi, and Seba bathybia are described. A key to Paronesimoides and Schisturella are given

Revision of the species of Ridgeia from northeast Pacific hydrothermal vents, with a redescription of Ridgeia piscesae Jones (Pogonophora: Obturata = Vestimentifera)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve C. Southward ◽  
Verena Tunnicliffe ◽  
Michael Black
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Transform Fault ◽  
Ridgeia Piscesae ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Gorda Ridge ◽  
Distance Data ◽  
Animal Size

Examination of vestimentiferan worms attributed to the genus Ridgeia from more than 50 vent sites in the northeast Pacific indicates that only one species is present. We amalgamate Ridgeia piscesae Jones and R. phaeophiale Jones under the name R. piscesae and include other forms previously suspected to be different species. Allozyme evidence supports the hypothesis that the populations belong to a highly plastic phenotype. The distance data indicate no substantial genetic differences among populations along Juan de Fuca Ridge and across a transform fault to the northern Gorda Ridge. Morphological data indicate that the original distinction of two species on the basis of obturacular saucer number and tube colour was based on the extremes of a continuum of characteristics that relate to animal size, levels of predation, and probably vent fluid conditions. The intriguing effect of habitat on phenotype in this abundant vent animal requires further investigation now that the taxonomy is better understood.

Amphipoda (Crustacea: Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats; the hydrothermal vent system of the north-east Pacific. Part II. Melitidae and Eusiridae

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1207-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Larsen ◽  
Traudl Krapp-Schickel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Gorda Ridge ◽  
One New Species

The amphipod fauna from habitats in hydrothermal vents on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough, and Gorda Ridge and from experimental wood deployments is examined. The material revealed one new species of Melitidae, Bathyceradocus wuzzae, and one of Eusiridae, Leptamphopus fragilis.

scholarly journals Activity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria in the subsurface biosphere of diffuse hydrothermal vents of the Juan de Fuca Ridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4177-4223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourbonnais ◽  
S. K. Juniper ◽  
D. A. Butterfield ◽  
A. H. Devol ◽  
M. M. M. Kuypers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
N Loss ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Fuca Ridge ◽  
Subsurface Biosphere ◽  
Juan De Fuca

Abstract. Little is known about nitrogen (N) transformations in general, and the elimination of N in particular, at diffuse vents where anoxic hydrothermal fluids have mixed with oxygenated crustal seawater prior to discharge. Oceanic N sinks that remove bio-available N ultimately affect chemosynthetic primary productivity in these ecosystems. Using 15N paired isotope techniques, we determined potential rates of fixed N-loss pathways (denitrification, anammox) and dissimilative nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in sulfidic hydrothermal vent fluids discharging from the subsurface at several sites at Axial Volcano and the Endeavour Segment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. We also measured physico-chemical parameters (i.e. temperature, pH, nutrients, H2S and N2O concentrations) as well as the biodiversity and abundance of chemolithotrophic nitrate-reducing, sulfur-oxidizing γ-proteobacteria (SUP05 cluster) using sequence analysis of amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes in combination with taxon-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Denitrification was the dominant N-loss pathway in the subsurface biosphere of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, with rates of up to ~1000 nmol N l−1 day−1. In comparison, anammox rates were always <5 nmol N l−1 day−1 and below the detection limit at most of the sites. DNRA rates were up to 152 nmol N l−1 day−1. These results suggest that bacterial denitrification out-competes anammox in sulfidic hydrothermal vent waters. Taxon-specific qPCR revealed that γ-proteobacteria of the SUP05 cluster sometimes dominated the microbial community (SUP05/total bacteria up to 38%). Significant correlation existed between fixed N-loss (i.e., denitrification, anammox) rates and in-situ nitrate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deficits in the fluids, indicating that DIN availability may ultimately regulate N-loss in the subsurface. Based on our rate measurements, and on published data on hydrothermal fluid fluxes and residence times, we estimated that, on average, ~10 Tg N yr−1 could globally be removed in the subsurface biosphere of hydrothermal vents systems, and could thus represent a small, but significant, fraction of the total marine N loss (240–400 Tg N yr−1).

Characteristics of a hydrothermal vent assemblage on a volcanically active segment of Juan de Fuca Ridge, northeast Pacific

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maia Tsurumi ◽  
Verena Tunnicliffe
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
Species Pool ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Fuca Ridge ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Community Changes ◽  
Active Segment

An eruption on Cleft segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, in 1986 provided an opportunity to observe potential successional patterns in vent-animal colonisation. Other objectives were to describe the Cleft fauna, examine the distribution and abundance of selected taxa, and determine if the fauna reflected changes in water chemistry. Biological samples were tubeworm grabs collected by submersible, and visual data were still photographs and videos. Two years post eruption, there were extensive diffuse vents and 23 of the 44 species constituting the Cleft species pool were present. Five years post eruption, most low-temperature vents were extinct. High-temperature venting was maintained, and biological communities were reduced in visual extent. Four of the 44 species in samples from 1988-1994 accounted for over 90% of the individuals. Cluster analyses of species collected on tubes did not distinguish year or substratum differences, suggesting that a study of less than a year is necessary to document successional patterns at new vents. The Cleft subset of the Juan de Fuca Ridge species pool is likely adapted to episodic eruptive events on the decadal scale. Major changes in fluid chemistry did not result in detectable community changes other than habitat loss due to a decrease in dissolved sulphide availability.

scholarly journals Activity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria in the subsurface biosphere of diffuse hydrothermal vents of the Juan de Fuca Ridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4661-4678 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourbonnais ◽  
S. K. Juniper ◽  
D. A. Butterfield ◽  
A. H. Devol ◽  
M. M. M. Kuypers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Juan De Fuca Ridge ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
N Loss ◽  
Available N ◽  
Fuca Ridge ◽  
Subsurface Biosphere ◽  
Juan De Fuca

Abstract. Little is known about fixed nitrogen (N) transformation and elimination at diffuse hydrothermal vents where anoxic fluids are mixed with oxygenated crustal seawater prior to discharge. Oceanic N sinks that remove bio-available N ultimately affect chemosynthetic primary productivity in these ecosystems. Using 15N paired isotope techniques, we determined potential rates of fixed N loss pathways (denitrification, anammox) and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in sulfidic hydrothermal vent fluids discharging from the subsurface at several sites at Axial Volcano and the Endeavour Segment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. We also measured physico-chemical parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, nutrients, H2S and N2O concentrations) as well as the biodiversity and abundance of chemolithoautotrophic nitrate-reducing, sulfur-oxidizing γ-proteobacteria (SUP05 cluster) using sequence analysis of amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes in combination with taxon-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Denitrification was the dominant N loss pathway in the subsurface biosphere of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, with rates of up to ~1000 nmol N l−1 day−1. In comparison, anammox rates were always < 5 nmol N l−1 day−1 and below the detection limit at most of the sites. DNRA rates were up to ~150 nmol N l−1 day−1. These results suggest that bacterial denitrification out-competes anammox in sulfidic hydrothermal vent waters. Taxon-specific qPCR revealed that γ-proteobacteria of the SUP05 cluster sometimes dominated the microbial community (SUP05/total bacteria up to 38%). Significant correlations were found between fixed N loss (i.e., denitrification, anammox) rates and in situ nitrate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deficits in the fluids, indicating that DIN availability may ultimately regulate N loss in the subsurface. Based on our rate measurements, and on published data on hydrothermal fluid fluxes and residence times, we estimated that up to ~10 Tg N yr−1 could globally be removed in the subsurface biosphere of hydrothermal vents systems, thus, representing a small fraction of the total marine N loss (~275 to > 400 Tg N yr−1).

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