Effect of Printing Process Parameters on the Shape Transformation Capability of 3D Printed Structures

The aim of our research was to investigate and optimise the main 3D printing process parameters that directly or indirectly affect the shape transformation capability and to determine the optimal transformation conditions to achieve predicted extent, and accurate and reproducible transformations of 3D printed, shape-changing two-material structures based on PLA and TPU. The shape-changing structures were printed using the FDM technology. The influence of each printing parameter that affects the final printability of shape-changing structures is presented and studied. After optimising the 3D printing process parameters, the extent, accuracy and reproducibility of the shape transformation performance for four-layer structures were analysed. The shape transformation was performed in hot water at different activation temperatures. Through a careful selection of 3D printing process parameters and transformation conditions, the predicted extent, accuracy and good reproducibility of shape transformation for 3D printed structures were achieved. The accurate deposition of filaments in the layers was achieved by adjusting the printing speed, flow rate and cooling conditions of extruded filaments. The shape transformation capability of 3D printed structures with a defined shape and defined active segment dimensions was influenced by the relaxation of compressive and tensile residual stresses in deposited filaments in the printed layers of the active material and different activation temperatures of the transformation.

Estimating surface displacement in the Hanshin area, Japan, by PS-InSAR analysis using satellite Sentinel-1 data

<p>The 2018 northern Osaka earthquake with a magnitude 6.1 earthquake struck on June 18, 2018 in northern Osaka, causing enormous damage. SAR interferometry using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data can detect surface displacement distribution over a wide area and is effective for observing surface displacement during an earthquake. On the other hand, it is also important to observe the tendency of long-term surface displacement around active faults on a yearly basis in order to monitor the deformation at and around active faults. In this study, we used persistent scatter SAR interferometry (PS-InSAR) to clarify the recent surface displacement including before and after the 2018 northern Osaka earthquake near the Arima-Takatsuki Fault Zone and the Mt. Rokko active segment, near the epicenter of the earthquake. PS-InSAR analysis is a method that analyzes coherent pixels only, and can extract surface displacements with less noise than the conventional two-pass SAR interferometry. By using Sentinel-1 data, we expect to understand a long-term surface displacement and temporal changes in displacement pattern by comparing with the results using other satellites in previous studies. As a result of our analysis, we found that (i) ground subsidence occurred near the Mt. Rokko active segment, (ii) subsidence or eastward displacement occurred in the eastern part of the Takarazuka GNSS station, (iii) surface displacement in the wedge-shaped area located between the Arima-Takatsuki Fault Zone and the Mt. Rokko active segment is suggested to be caused by groundwater level changes, (iv) groundwater level changes may have caused surface displacement considered to be uplift in the wide area between the Ikoma Fault Zone and Uemachi Fault Zone, and (v) slip of the source fault may have caused surface displacement around the epicenter of the 2018 northern Osaka earthquake. Furthermore, we validated the estimated surface displacements by comparison with GNSS measurements and previous studies. These results suggest that surface displacement near the Arima-Takatsuki fault zone was caused by the 2018 northern Osaka earthquake. In order to reveal the mechanism of surface displacement in the vicinity of the fault, it is necessary to continue to monitor the surface displacement in this area using time-series SAR interferometry.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>We acknowledge Sentinel-1 data provided from the European Space Agency (ESA) based on the open data policy.</p>

Optimization of a Bioinspired Piezocomposite Pump Based on an Electromechanical Model

This paper presents the mechanical design and modeling of an active segment of a bioinspired piezocomposite aquatic pump. The design and analysis is based on an electromechanical Euler-Bernoulli beam model. The self-contained propulsion/pumping system is composed of a series of piezo-active soft cymbal-like segments that are connected by passive soft films. By applying coordinated excitations for expansion and contraction to different active segments, the design creates a traveling wave along the pump axis, which in return propels the fluid to generate a unidirectional thrust force. In the model, the insulation and mechanical properties of the waterproofing sealant layer are considered. Using the proposed electromechanical model, a parametric analysis is conducted to understand the effectiveness of the cymbal-like piezocomposite active segment. Two performance metrics are considered, including the area change of the enclosed by the cymbal-like segment, and the work done by the actuators. The optimal structural parameters of the piezocomposite pump are decided by these performance metrics.

A bioinspired piezocomposite propulsor: An electromechanical model

This article presents an experimentally validated electromechanical beam model for a representative cymbal-like piezocomposite active segment of a bioinspired piezocomposite aquatic propulsor/pump. The proposed concept is a self-contained propulsion/pumping system involving a series of piezoactive soft cymbal-like segments that are connected by passive soft connective segments. A series of phased excitations in expansion and contraction applied to active segments create a traveling wave along the axis of the pump, which in return propels the fluid. A parametric analysis is conducted using the proposed model to understand the effectiveness of the cymbal-like piezocomposite active segment as a function of critical structural parameters. Area change of the cymbal-like actuators, which is correlated to the propulsion power, is studied based on the analysis of the induced moment, curvature, and area change due to piezoelectric excitation. Objective functions and criteria are proposed and evaluated to understand the effectiveness, and to identify the optimal structural parameters of the piezocomposite pump. The influence of a sealant layer for waterproofing is also examined. Both bimorph and unimorph configurations are analyzed, and the results are compared.

SOSIALISASI KEJAHATAN SIBER PADA SISWA-SISWI SDN MEKARSARI JATINANGOR

ABSTRAKKemunculan globalisasi yang menghilangkan batas-batas negara melahirkan konsekuensi lain yaitu kejahatan transnasional, yang salah satu bidangnya meliputi kejahatan siber. Kejahatan siber merupakan perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan dengan memakai media online sebagai sarananya. Kecamatan Jatinangor sebagai lokasi pengabdian memiliki potensi kasus kejahatan siber yang sama dengan seluruh wilayah lain mengingat tidak adanya batas wilayah yang pasti dalam konteks terjadinya kejahatan siber. Kecamatan Jatinangor secara umum seperti wilayah-wilayah lainnya memiliki gap atau masalah inti yang menyisakan beberapa permasalahan diantaranya yaitu keterbatasan dalam menangani permasalahan sosial dalam hal ini termasuk permasalahan-permasalahan sosial di masyarakat yang bergeser ke dalam dunia virtual yang bukan tidak mungkin dapat berubah menjadi kejahatan di dalam dunia virtual atau kejahatan siber. Anak-anak atau remaja mewakili segmen pengguna teknologi siber yang paling aktif disamping masyarakat luas pada umumnya sehingga sasaran yang ditentukan dalam sosialisasi ini adalah siswa-siswi SDN Mekarsari Jatinangor. Sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk memberi pemahaman dan pengetahuan mengenai kejahatan siber agar para siswa terhindar dari ancaman kejahatan siber. Dalam sosialisasi ini, digunakan beberapa metode yaitu ceramah penyampaian materi, pre test, post test, video dan games. Pengetahuan yang dimiliki siswa-siswi SDN Mekarsari Jatinangor terbukti meningkat setelah mengikuti sosialisasi. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena siswa-siswi SDN Mekarsari sebagai peserta sosialisasi dapat memahami dengan baik materi sosialisasi mengenai kejahatan siber. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian sosialisasi mengenai kejahatan siber kepada siswa SDN Mekarsari dilihat dari nilai uji korelasi yang didapatkan sebelum dan sesudah melakukan sosialisasi. Kata Kunci: anak-anak, internet, kejahatan siber, kejahatan transnasional, sosialisasi. ABSTRACTThe emergence of globalization which removes national boundaries raises other consequences, namely transnational crime, one of which covers cybercrime. Cybercrime is an unlawful act that is carried out by using online media as a means. Jatinangor District as a service location has the potential for cybercrime cases that are the same as all other regions considering there are no definite boundaries in the context of cybercrime. Jatinangor sub-district in general like other regions has gaps or core problems that leave several problems including the limitations in dealing with social problems in this case including social problems in society that are shifting into a virtual world which is not impossible to turn into crime in the virtual world or cybercrime. Children or young people represent the most active segment of cyber technology users in addition to the general public so that the targets determined in this socialization are students of SDN Mekarsari Jatinangor. This socialization aims to provide understanding and knowledge about cybercrime so that students could avoid the threat of cybercrime. In this socialization, several methods are used, the delivery of material, pre-test, post-test, video, and games. There is an increase in knowledge of students at Mekarsari Jatinangor Elementary School after participating the socialization. This is possible because Mekarsari Elementary School students as socialization participants can understand well the material of socialization about cybercrime. There is an influence of giving socialization about cybercrime to students of SDN Mekarsari seen from the correlation test scores obtained before and after socializing. Key word: children, cybercrime, internet, socialization, transnational crime.

A novel method to process surface electromyography signal for pedestrian lower limb motion pattern recognition

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals mainly contain power line interference (PLI), white Gaussian noise (WGN), and baseline wandering (BW) noise. These noises lead to the problems of poor feature extraction performance and low recognition rate. In this paper, we propose a novel sEMG signal processing method named filtering and self-enhancement algorithm with classical wavelet (FSECW) algorithm, which denoises interference noises of raw signals and improve the pedestrian motion pattern recognition rate. The proposed FSECW algorithm contains two core parts: in the first part, the original signal is reconstructed after four-layer wavelet decomposition. This part decreases the BW noise and enhances the active segment; in the other part, band-pass filtering and lifting wavelet transformation are used to reduce noises inside and outside the sEMG signal band. Then two signals from the above parts are multiplied. Thus, the enhanced filtered signal of the active segment is obtained. After feature extraction, the algorithm uses classical machine learning algorithm for motion pattern recognition. Experimental results show that the proposed FSECW algorithm does not need to set different thresholds for different data sets with the same motion pattern. Moreover, it has better adaptability to conversions of different motion patterns.

Building a destination image: images of exclusiveness and refuge

Purpose This paper aims to highlight the political influences that account for the destination image of a tourist city: Campos do Jordão, São Paulo State, Brazil. The study took into consideration the collective imagination and its influence on the formation of touristic destinations. Design/methodology/approach Descriptive study based on literature and document review, accompanied by an analysis of texts and photos available on non-official websites – about Campos do Jordão – from November to December 2018 and by visits to selected location. Findings “Charm”, “refinement” and “sophistication” are the most frequently used words to describe Campos do Jordão, which remains a symbol of exclusiveness and refuge for the highest social classes. These images are shaped by political and economic influences. Research limitations/implications The investigation focussed on a single city. Also, as it is an analytical study aimed at showing the permanence of preconceived values used to build the image of a destination it is not possible to talk about extrapolating the present study to other cities. In addition, the research was done by using the reproduction of physical and cultural aspects in addition to the use of European landscapes structures and values in a locality with an exceptional environmental context. Social implications Many of the images connected to Campos do Jordão are replicated by local citizens, a fact that evidences the importance of associative memory, which concerns memories citizens have of their living space. The social implications presented herein seek to recover the formative memories of the assessed city, although it is not the focus of the current study. Assumingly, becoming an active segment of the tourism sector is the only way for local citizens to appropriate the city. Originality/value The influence of local government and public actions in tourism construction and in the image linked to the city is used as a case study. Building a touristic imagination demands a wide range of businesses, but this process takes time and effort, as highlighted by the applied documental review; it would not happen without the straight interference of the public sector through the local government.

THE ISSUE OF LEGAL SUBJECTITY OF MANAGEMENT BODIES AND STRUCTURAL UNITS OF A LEGAL ENTITY

The author notes that the law nature of a legal entity presupposes the presence in the internal space of this legal actor a number of local legal relationships, in which the sole and collective elements of its organizational structure are involved. All of them are endowed with the status of a participant (party) of this kind of legal relations and possess a certain individualized part of the legal subjectity, inherent for legal entity in general. Therefore, governing bodies and other internal structures of legal entities do not have their own legal subjectity. Through the organizational structure of the legal entity it is realized personal legal subjectity just of this entity in all dimensions of the latter's existence. Accordingly, the structural elements of a legal entity are also not endowed with the status of subject of law. There are few essential features, characterizing the individual status of legal subjectity, inherent for the structural element of the legal entity. Firstly, the content and scope of the rights and obligations of such formation (so-called «individual legal capacity») is always limited in accordance with the list of functions, provided for it; secondly, so-called «individual active capacity» of a structural element of a legal entity is determined by the needs of the organization as a whole and is interdependent with the ability to act on its other internal entities; thirdly, the governing bodies and divisions of the legal entity are the operators of the active segment of its delictual capacity, but they are deprived of the opportunity to be held responsible for the offenses, committed by them (their individual status doesn’t support the segment of «passive delictual capacity» of the legal person). The aforementioned individualization of the legal subjectity of governing bodies and structural subdivisions of a legal entity is their essential attribute which: а) creates the basis for effective internal corporate or administrative control over the activities of such entities, and b) allows to realize an external regulation of the volume of a legal subjectity potential of certain internal structural elements of a legal entity for the purpose of, among other aims, the implementation of actual public interests in their activity.