Morphometric and morphological variation in Myotis simus Thomas (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), with an appraisal of the identity of Myotis guaycuru Proença based on the analysis of the type material

Twelve species are recognized in the South American bat genus Myotis Kaup (Vespertilionidae, Myotinae), with several nominal forms currently regarded as synonyms, among them Myotis guaycuru Proença, 1943. Its holotype, so far the only specimen assigned to the species, has not been examined in recent taxonomic reviews. To address the taxonomic status of M. guaycuru, we located and redescribed its holotype and compared it to representatives and/or descriptions of all South American species in the genus. Qualitative traits, namely the plagiopatagium attached at ankles, the short and wooly fur and the lingually displaced P3, unambiguously assign the holotype of M. guaycuru to Myotis simus Thomas (1901). The analysis of cranial variation and pelage color across a wide geographical range of M. simus reveals morphometric and morphological discontinuity between Bolivian and Amazonian/Peruvian samples, the latter including topotypes of M. simus. The holotype of M. guaycuru was found to be morphometrically and morphologically more similar to these Amazonian samples than to the geographically nearer Bolivian sample, preventing the use of this nominal form to refer to the Bolivian population if its distinction suggested by morphometric analyses is confirmed by the analyses of other character systems.

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Morphometric analyses and new taxonomic circumscription of South American species of Flourensia (Asteraceae, Heliantheae, Enceliinae)

Nordic Journal of Botany ◽

10.1111/njb.01737 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Juan C. Ospina ◽

Lone Aagesen ◽

Luis Ariza Espinar ◽

Susana E. Freire

Keyword(s):

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Morphometric Analyses

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Transfer of two South American ant species from Tapinoma Foerster 1850 to Forelius Emery 1888 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4920.3.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4920 (3) ◽

pp. 428-438

Author(s):

ROBERTO J. GUERRER

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variation ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

South American ◽

Taxonomic Changes

Some species of the ant genus Forelius can be misclassified as the genus Tapinoma due to the convergent reduction of the petiolar scale. I review the taxonomic status of Tapinoma antarcticum Forel 1904 and Tapinoma heyeri Forel 1902. Morphological evidence supports the transfer of these names to the ant genus Forelius. Proposed taxonomic changes are as follows: Forelius antarcticus (Forel) comb. nov. (=Forelius fazi (Santschi 1923) comb. nov., =Forelius eidmanni Goetsch 1933 comb. rev.); Forelius heyeri (Forel) comb. nov. (=Forelius heyeri risii (Forel 1912) comb. and syn. nov., =Forelius pusillus (Santschi 1922) syn. nov., =Forelius tucumanus (Kusnezov 1953) syn. nov.). Lectotypes for Forelius antarcticus and Forelius heyeri are designated. The worker of Forelius heyeri, as well as the worker and queen of Forelius antarcticus are diagnosed and redescribed. Multifocus images for lectotype workers are provided. Morphological variation within and between species of Forelius with rounded spiracles is discussed.

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Chemotaxonomy of Five South American Species of the Triatoma genus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Based on Their Cuticle Hydrocarbon Pattern

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjab199 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Débora E Moriconi ◽

Catarina Macedo-Lopes ◽

Adriana Sartorio ◽

M Patricia Juárez ◽

Juan R Girotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Eastern Brazil ◽

Triatoma Sordida ◽

Triatomine Species ◽

Group 2

Abstract The Triatoma sordida subcomplex traditionally included four triatomine species, T. sordida, Triatoma garciabesi, Triatoma guasayana, and Triatoma patagonica, distributed in the Southern Cone of South America. These species have a large intraspecific variability together with an overall similarity, making difficult to establish their taxonomic status. Many cytogenetic, morphometric, and molecular markers have been applied to address this. Recent studies have posed concerns on the inclusion of T. guasayana and T. patagonica within the subcomplex. Also, T. sordida from Argentina has been designed as a new species, Triatoma rosai. Using the cuticular hydrocarbon pattern as chemotaxonomic marker, the relationships among several populations of these species were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and linear discriminant analysis along 25 collection sites in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. T. sordida and T. rosai populations were differentially clustered in two CHC-based groups: “Group 1” included T. sordida from Eastern Brazil, Eastern Paraguay, and the Bolivian populations from La Paz and Izozog G1; “Group 2” included T. rosai, and T. sordida from Izozog G2 (Bolivia), and Western Paraguay. Whereas T. garciabesi remained closely related to T. sordida and T. rosai, T. guasayana, and T. patagonica were clearly separated from the species of the T. sordida subcomplex. Our results agree with those from other several techniques suggesting that the taxonomy of the T. sordida subcomplex should be revised.

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A taxonomic review of the genus Hemiphractus (Anura: Hemiphractidae) in Panama: Description of Two New Species, Resurrection of Hemiphractus panamensis (Stejneger, 1917), and Discussion of Hemiphractus fasciatus Peters, 1862

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4429.3.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4429 (3) ◽

pp. 495

Author(s):

ROBERT L. HILL ◽

KATHRYN G. MARTIN ◽

EDWARD STANLEY ◽

JOSEPH R. III MENDELSON

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Molecular Data ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Cordillera De Talamanca ◽

Central Panama ◽

Over 40 Years

We reviewed the taxonomic status of populations of frogs in the genus Hemiphractus in Panama, which have all been referred to Hemiphractus fasciatus Peters, 1862 for over 40 years. Although relatively few specimens have been collected, mostly juveniles, it is clear that these frogs inhabit three separate upland regions of the country: The Cordillera de Talamanca in western Panama, the Chagres Highlands and Cordillera de San Blas in central Panama, and the Serranía de Pirre in the far eastern portion of the country. In accordance with previously published molecular data, we identified distinctive features of the skulls of frogs representing these three allopatric populations and herein revalidate H. panamensis (Stejneger, 1917), describe the new species Hemiphractus elioti sp. nov. from the Cordillera de Talamanca, and the new species Hemiphractus kaylockae sp. nov. from the Serranía de Pirre. We also propose that the taxon H. fasciatus is a South American species not occurring in Panama.

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On the taxonomic status of the genus Horvathinia Montandon (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1016.1.3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1016 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

JUAN A. SCHNACK ◽

ANA L. ESTÉVEZ

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variation ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Species Level ◽

South American ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Diagnostic Species

Nine species of Horvathinia have been described since Montandon (1911) described H. pelocoroides, a description based upon two specimens. Subsequent descriptions, of H. argemii Schnack, H. bollei De Carlo, H. castilloi De Carlo, H. doellojuradoi De Carlo, H. forsteri Lauck, H. lenti De Carlo, H. meyeri De Carlo, H. pelleranoi De Carlo, and H. schubarti De Carlo, were based on only one specimen, each all captured while flying at lights. In February 1981, 55 specimens of Horvathinia were collected flying at light in Torres, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The morphological variation of these specimens is similar to that diagnostic species-level characters in describing Horvathinia species. Therefore, we consider that the southern South American genus Horvathinia is monotypic. However, as far as the type of H.lenti could not be examined, we therefore synonymize all species described after 1911 with H. pelocoroides, except for H. lenti. We also redescribe H. pelocoroides Montandon.

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Morphological Variation in the Vriesea procera complex (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, with Recognition of New Taxa

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364420x15801369352306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 53-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernando Pérez Uribbe ◽

Beatriz Neves ◽

Suara Souza Almeida Jacques ◽

Andrea Ferreira da Costa

Keyword(s):

New Taxa ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Atlantic Coast ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Atlantic Rainforest ◽

Coastal Vegetation ◽

South American ◽

Morphometric Analyses ◽

The Family ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

Abstract—The family Bromeliaceae is essentially Neotropical, with high endemism and diversity in the Atlantic Rainforest Domain. Species circumscription is a major problem in the family systematics, especially in the most diverse genera. Species of the Vriesea procera complex, which occur in forests and restinga (coastal vegetation) along the South American Atlantic coast from Venezuela to southern Brazil, share the same basic vegetative and reproductive morphological patterns. However, they vary widely in the number and position of inflorescence branches as well as in the dimensions, position, and shape of the leaves and flowers in different populations. Here we aimed 1) to evaluate the morphological variation in the V. procera complex, through morphometric analyses of natural populations along the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest; and 2) to determine the taxonomic relationships among these species, establishing the validity and the limits of variation of the taxa through taxonomic treatment. Fourteen natural populations, 271 individuals, and 36 morphometric variables were analyzed. Kruskal-Wallis tests and discriminant analyses were conducted to test statistical differences between previously established groups. Of an original three species and three varieties, our data allowed us to recognize six species, including three new taxa (Vriesea aureoramosa, V. magna, V. rubroviridis) and one new name and status (V. flexuosa). The resulting taxa are distinguished by the inflorescence and leaf sizes and especially by floral characteristics such as the length of bracts, sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils, besides the petal apex posture and relative position of the stamen during anthesis. Recognition of cryptic species under the names V. procera and V. neoglutinosa is an important step toward a better understanding of the biodiversity of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest.

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Biometry of the Late Cambrian trilobite genus Dikelocephalus and its implications for trilobite systematics

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000025889 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 492-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Conrad C. Labandeira ◽

Nigel C. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variation ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Species Level ◽

Mississippi Valley ◽

Late Cambrian ◽

Morphometric Analyses ◽

Cambrian Trilobite ◽

Multiple Species ◽

Definition Of

It has been proposed previously that the northern Mississippi Valley Sunwaptan trilobite genus Dikelocephalus comprises 26 species. Morphometric analyses demonstrate that many of the criteria that had been used to define species of Dikelocephalus are invalid and additional analysis of biostratigraphically and biogeographically constrained collections is necessary before the taxonomic status of Dikelocephalus can be fully resolved. Our results indicate that infrageneric morphological variation in Dikelocephalus is continuous and lacks gaps that could be the basis for establishing multiple species. Many of the characters shown to be taxonomically insignificant in Dikelocephalus are also widely used in the definition of other trilobite taxa. This suggests that the species-level taxonomy of many trilobites may be substantially oversplit. Recognition of widespread oversplitting will have important consequences for biostratigraphic zonations, paleogeographic distributions, and estimates of taxonomic diversity.

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Cnidochloa: A New Genus of Grasses from Brazil (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden ◽

10.3417/2020560 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 183-194

Author(s):

Fernando O. Zuloaga ◽

Sandra S. Aliscioni ◽

M. Amalia Scataglini

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

South American ◽

The South ◽

South American Species ◽

Molecular Characters

Generic boundaries of the South American species Panicum longipedicellatum Swallen are explored and compared with allied genera of the tribe Paniceae. On the basis of morphological, anatomical, and molecular characters a new genus, Cnidochloa Zuloaga, is proposed. The phylogenetic position of the new genus within the Paniceae is evaluated.

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