Characterization of Pigeonpea Genotypes Based on DUS Traits

The research entails morphological characterization of pigeonpea genotypes based on qualitative traits which aids in varietal description and ensure genetic purity. The study was conducted at the Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University during kharif, 2019 and rabi, 2019-2020. The experiment was conducted in Randomized complete block design with two replications. The 68-short duration pigeonpea genotypes were characterized and grouped based on 17 qualitative traits. The morphological characterization revealed that, more variation was identified for traits viz., pattern of streaks on standard petal, plant height, seed colour, seed shape and seed size. Sixty - eight genotypes were subjected to cluster analysis and were grouped into four major clusters with an average similarity of 80%. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.65 to 1.00. The cluster I consisted of 60 genotypes. Two sub-groups were formed from Cluster I. The sub-group I had 59 genotypes at 84 per cent similarity, whereas the sub-group II consisted of the genotype ICPL19050. Cluster II was made up of six genotypes. The cluster II was divided into two sub-groups at 84 per cent similarity. Clusters III and IV were solitary clusters, each with a single genotype. The characterization of genotypes with specific traits could be used to identify the genotypes, maintenance of genetic purity and to utilize in future breeding programmes.

Agromorphological Evaluation of 44 lines of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Introduced in Burkina Faso

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is an important annual legume which is well suited to dry areas, like Burkina Faso where it is still an orphan legume. The present study was conducted to evaluate 44 mung bean genotypes introduced in Burkina Faso and to determine genetic diversity in this collection using both quantitative and qualitative traits. A field experiment was conducted in an augmented bloc design with three blocks and an extraearly maturing cowpea variety as check. Data were recorded on six (06) quantitative traits and seven (07) qualitative traits. For qualitative traits, diversity was revealed in four parameters including hypocotyl’s color, seed coat color, pods and stem pubescence. Significant genetic variability was revealed among genotypes for all the quantitative characters. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters studied indicating the influence of environmental effect on the characters. The GCV and PCV estimates were high for number of pods per plant followed by plant height and hundred seeds weigh. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advanced as percent of mean observed for these traits suggest an important genetic gain in genetic improvement for these characters. The genetic diversity observed was grouped into five clusters. Mungbean lines were grouped into four clusters and the cowpea variety used as check crop in this trial was clustered apart. This genetic diversity, both qualitatively and quantitatively, will help enrich local biodiversity in terms of legumes in general and mung bean in particular and constitutes an important basis for a future mungbean breeding program.

Zoometric Characterization of Creole Cows from the Southern Amazon Region of Peru

Bovine breeding began in Peru more than five centuries ago; since then, adaptation has started. Nowadays, Creole cattle are part of economic activities of Peruvian farmers, as they supply food and profits, among other things, for families in Andean region. Creole cattle have many strengths such as resistance to diseases, low nutrient requirements and easy adaptation to different levels of altitude and environmental conditions. However, even with all these attributes, they are not valued within production systems. Moreover, these valuable genetic resources are disappearing gradually in Perú. For this reason, this study aims to characterize the zoometry of Creole cows from the Southern Amazonas region of Peru. Biotype classification was performed by hierarchical cluster and multivariate factors analysis. Qualitative traits were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Duncan’s test (α = 0.05) was used to compare means among groups. Associations between qualitative traits were determined with Chi-square. We distinguished three biotypes of Creole cows with characteristics for meat and milk production. This information is helpful for future conservation programs for Creole cattle.

Effect of Different Biological and Organic Fertilizer Sources on the Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Cephalaria syriaca

Due to the potential to enhance soil productivity and plant growth, biological fertilizers have recently been considered an alternative source for soil, water, and crop-contaminating chemical fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. The importance of different fertilizer sources on quantitative and qualitative traits of Syrian cephalaria (Cephalaria syriaca L.) was explored in an experiment based on a randomized complete block design during the 2015–2016 growing season. The maximum grain yield (9.97 g/plant) and biological yield (24.57 g/plant) were obtained from the application of Azotobacter + chemical fertilizer treatment, but the maximum oil percentage (25.23%) and oil yield (2.41 g/plant) were observed in the plants treated with Azotobacter + vermicompost. The plants treated with Azotobacter + chemical fertilizer exhibited the highest 1000 seed weight (15.03 g). Application of Azotobacter + vermicompost increased chlorophylls a, b, and total by 2.06, 1.96, and 4.02% versus Azotobacter treatment alone, respectively. The treatment of Azotobacter + manure increased total phenol, flavonoids, and DPPH antioxidant activity by 27.89, 0.56, and 53.16% versus the treatment of Azotobacter + chemical fertilizer. The integrated application of different fertilizer sources had an optimal effect on the uptake of trace elements (Cu, Fe, and Zn) so that the treatment of Azotobacter + vermicompost increased their concentrations. Due to the positive effect of integrated application of different fertilizer sources on improving the studied traits of Cephalaria, it is recommended to replace chemical fertilizers with combined fertilizers including organic and biological inputs to enhance the efficiency of crops, reduce environmental pollution, and move towards sustainable agriculture.

Studierea caracterelor cantitative și calitative la liniile de soia obținute în rezultatul mutagenezei experimentale

The investigated material presents 8 lines of soy obtained as a result of the mutagenesis induced by the analyzed in the field of the comparative test (2019). Based on the results obtained, we can deduce that in soybean culture gamma treatment is an effective method to increase a wide range of variability of quantitative and qualitative traits to obtain new lines of with increased productivity, high protein and fat content to improve of this culture in the Republic of Moldova.