Revision of the genus Erythromelana Townsend (Diptera: Tachinidae) and analysis of its phylogeny and diversification

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3621 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEGO J. INCLAN ◽  
JOHN III O. STIREMAN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Its Phylogeny ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Components Analysis

The Neotropics harbor an enormous diversity of tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), yet the fauna remains poorly understood. This is especially true of the tribe Blondeliini, which is particularly diverse in this region and in great need of taxonomic attention. Here, the Neotropical blondeliine genus Erythromelana Townsend is revised. This genus is widely distributed from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, with the Andes being a hotspot of diversity. Known hosts belong to the genus Eois Hübner (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). This revision includes the redescription of three previously described species and the description of 11 new species based on characteristics of adults and immatures. The new species are E. arciforceps sp. nov., E. catarina sp. nov., E. convexiforceps sp. nov., E. cryptica sp. nov., E. curvifrons sp. nov., E. distincta sp. nov., E. ecuadoriana sp. nov., E. eois sp. nov., E. leptoforceps sp. nov., E. napensis sp. nov., and E. woodi sp. nov. A morphological database of 62 characters was constructed to assess morphological variation within and among species and species groups using Principal Components Analysis. Means and medians for these morphological traits were calculated to infer phylogenetic relationships using parsimony. Additionally, a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis was performed using COI mtDNA sequences for a subset of eight species. Nominal species E. obscurifrons (Wulp) is treated as a nomen dubium within Erythromelana. Two species previously assigned to Erythromelana appear to represent distinct genera with unclear relationships to this genus and are reinstated as monotypic genera: Myiodoriops marginalis Townsend and Euptilodegeeria obumbrata (Wulp), revived status. Biological and phylogenetic data are used to infer modes of diversification within Erythromelana.

A new species of Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from the northwestern slope of the Andes

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Arenas-Viveros ◽  
Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú ◽  
Alan Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Salazar-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Abstract The systematics and taxonomy of the broadly distributed bats of the genus Cynomops has changed considerably in the last few years. Among the major changes, Cynomops abrasus was split into two species of large-bodied forms (Cynomops mastivus and C. abrasus) distributed east of the Andes. However, large Colombian specimens identified as C. abrasus from the western side of the Andes had yet to be included in any revisionary work. Phylogenetic analysis performed in this study, using mtDNA sequences (Cytochrome-b), revealed that these Colombian individuals are more closely related to Cynomops greenhalli. Morphological and molecular data allowed us to recognize populations from western Colombia, western Ecuador and northwestern Peru, as members of a new species of Cynomops. Characters that allow for its differentiation from C. greenhalli include a larger forearm, paler but more uniform ventral pelage, more globular braincase, and well-developed zygomatic processes of the maxilla (almost reaching the postorbital constriction). This study serves as another example of the importance of including multiple lines of evidence in the recognition of a new species. Given its rarity and the advanced transformation of its habitat, this new species is particularly important from a conservation perspective.

Ceriodaphnia smirnovi (Crustacea: Cladocera), a new species from the Mediterranean Region, and a phylogenetic analysis of the commonest species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4974 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
MIGUEL ALONSO ◽  
ANNA N. NERETINA ◽  
MARC VENTURA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A New Species

Species of the genus Ceriodaphnia Dana, 1853 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Daphniidae) are present in the plankton of many freshwater bodies all around the World. However, the taxonomy of the genus is still poorly developed. Most species have been described in the nineteenth century and data on their morphology and distribution should be revised according to current standards. Currently, due to lack of reliable morphological and genetic data, almost all nominal species of Ceriodaphnia are considered as species groups rather than separate biological species, complicating the detection and description of new species of the genus. Here, we redescribe the morphology of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (O.F. Müller, 1785) based on material close to the type locality in Denmark, and describe a new species of Ceriodaphnia from the Mediterranean region. Also, we provide a phylogenetic analysis using existing and novel sequences of mitochondrial DNA of the commonest species of the genus. Ceriodaphnia smirnovi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from C. quadrangula via presence of the head pore and the structure of the second thoracic limb, the postabdomen and the ephippium. From other species of Ceriodaphnia known to date C. smirnovi sp. nov. can also be separated on ephippium structure and some other fine morphological features. Although distribution range of C. smirnovi sp. nov. must be clarified in the future based on analysis of more sampling points, most likely, it is restricted to the Mediterranean region. The phylogenetic analyses showed high divergence among 16 different clades (mean clade separation of 13±2.3 % (mean ± SD) and 20.7±2.1% for 16S and COI respectively). These clades belonged to 11 described species and 5 undescribed. The high intraspecific variability of some species indicates the possible existence of more undescribed species within present species groups. 

Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLV: More New Species and Taxonomic Changes in Palicourea (Rubiaceae, Palicoureeae) and Psychotria subg. Heteropsychotria

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-195
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Psychotria subg. Heteropsychotria Steyerm. has been shown by morphological and molecular analyses to be polyphyletic. Most of its species, including its type, belong to Palicourea Aubl. (“Pal.”). Thirty-two species of this group are reviewed here, and 17 species in Psychotria L. are transferred to Palicourea and one to Rudgea Salisb. Two replacement names, Pal. agudeloana C. M. Taylor and Pal. tabayensis C. M. Taylor, are published. Taxonomic studies here clarify circumscriptions of similar, often-confused species for several distinctive species groups found variously in Mesoamerica and the Andes: the Palicourea aschersonianoides group, the Palicourea galeottiana group, the Palicourea sulphurea group, and the Palicourea tristis group. Three new species of Palicourea are described: Pal. aschersonianula C. M. Taylor, Pal. gonzaleziana C. M. Taylor, and Pal. wachterae C. M. Taylor. Nineteen names are newly typified, and infrageneric classifications are noted for the species of Palicourea studied.

A new species of Paratelmatobius (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Paratelmatobiinae) from the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4648 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCUS THADEU TEIXEIRA SANTOS ◽  
SÍLVIA HELENA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
THIAGO RIBEIRO DE CARVALHO ◽  
BÁRBARA FERNANDES ZAIDAN ◽  
NELSON RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Paratelmatobius is described from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the state of Paraná in southern Brazil. Adults, tadpoles, and vocalizations are described. Morphological traits and phylogenetic analysis place the new species within the P. cardosoi group. The new species can be readily distinguished from its congeners by its advertisement call being composed of two note types and comprised of a series of 2–4 notes. The new species is classified as an explosive breeder, having reproductive activity strongly associated with heavy rainfall. This discovery highlights the importance of intensifying survey efforts in the Atlantic Forest, a domain with high levels of species richness and endemism. 

Allium xinlongense (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae), a new species from western Sichuan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 432 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
DENG-FENG XIE ◽  
FU-MIN XIE ◽  
SHENG-BIN JIA ◽  
HAO LI ◽  
XIN YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Western Sichuan ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Habitat Environment

Allium xinlongense from western Sichuan Province, China, is described as a new species. Its diagnostic morphological characters were confirmed to be valid by comparing them to those of related species, such as A. maowenense, A. chrysanthum, A. rude, A. xichuanense, A. chrysocephalum, and A. herderianum. Molecular phylogenetic analysis (combining ITS and rpL32-trnL markers) indicated that this new species is a member of Allium sect. Daghestanica. A comprehensive description of this new species is provided, including habitat environment and detailed morphological traits.

Phylogeny, taxonomy and biology of mites of the genera Chelacheles and Neochelacheles (Acari : Cheyletidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre V. Bochkov ◽  
Barry M. OConnor
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Species Groups

Taxonomic revision and parsimony-based phylogenetic analysis of species in two closely related genera of predaceous Cheyletidae, Chelacheles Baker and Neochelacheles Smiley & Williams, are conducted. Among species of these genera, C. algericus Fain & Bochkov, syn. nov. and C. humilis Rasool, Chaudhri & Akbar, syn. nov. are synonymised with C. strabismus Baker and C. bakeri Attiah, respectively. Six new species are described: C.�aigamuxa, sp. nov.; C. klimovi, sp. nov.; C. seminole, sp. nov.; C. temoak, sp. nov.; N. corpuzrarosae, sp. nov.; and N. mendicus, sp. nov. The genus Chelacheles includes two species-groups, strabismus (seven species) and peritremaculatus (seven species), and two ungrouped species, C. michalskii Samsinak and C. stigmaeoides Barilo. The genus Neochelacheles (three species) is represented by a single species from North America and by two Philippine endemics. New diagnoses of the genera are given as well as descriptions of postembryonic stages of a model species in each genus, a key, and redescriptions for most species. The biology of these mites is briefly discussed. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the associations of some species with polypore bracket fungi have arisen independently in the genera Chelacheles and Neochelacheles.

A new newt of the genus Cynops (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Fujian Province, southeastern China

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2346 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
YUNKE WU ◽  
YUEZHAO WANG ◽  
KE JIANG ◽  
JAMES HANKEN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
A New Species

A new species of fire-bellied newt, Cynops fudingensis, is described from northeastern Fujian Province, southeastern China. This species forms a well-supported clade with C. orientalis and C. orphicus based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences from mitochondrial DNA subunit two of NADH dehydrogenase and its two flanking tRNAs. Further, its genetic distance to each of the two previously described species is large. Principal-components analysis of external linear measurements differentiates the new species from C. orientalis and C. orphicus in morphological space. Geographically, C. fudingensis occupies the distribution gap between C. orientalis and C. orphicus.

Simulium (Hearlea) Vargas, Mart nez Palacios, & D az N jera (Diptera: Simuliidae): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 396 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. COSCARÓN ◽  
D. R. MIRANDA ESQUIVEL ◽  
J. K. MOULTON ◽  
C. L. COSCARÓNARIAS ◽  
S. IBAÑEZ BERNAL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Character Weighting ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Weighting Methods

Simulium (Hearlea) Vargas, Mart nez Palacios, & D az N jera 1957 is comprised of 20 known species that are largely confined to the area between M xico and Guatemala. Herein, all currently recognized species within this subgenus are described, illustrated, keyed (except males), and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Geographic distributions for each species are also updated. Simulium deleoni Vargas, 1945, is synonymized with S. capricorne De Le n, 1944. Simulium paracarolinae new species, from Guatemala, is described from the larva. A cladistic analysis of all Hearlea species and representatives from three outgroups was conducted using 39 morphological characters. Although different character weighting methods yielded different topologies, all trees agreed that Hearlea is monophyletic is comprised of two species groups, based mainly upon characters of the larva and pupa: the Simulium juarezi group S. ayrozai Vargas, S. burchi Dalmat, S. canadense Hearle, S. capricorne De Le n, S. chiriquiense Field, S. contrerense D az N jera & Vulcano, S. dalmati Vargas & D az N jera, S. delatorrei Dalmat, S. estevezi Vargas, S. ethelae Dalmat, S. juarezi Vargas & D az N jera, S. microbranchium Dalmat, and S. nigricorne Dalmat and the S. carolinae group Simulium (Hearlea) carolinae De Le n, S. gorirossiae Vargas & D az N jera, S. johnsoni Vargas & D az N jera, S. larvispinosum De Le n, S. menchacai Vargas & D az N jera, S. paracarolinae n. sp., and S. temascalense D az N jera & Vulcano.

Phylogenetic analysis and reclassification of the genus Priochirus Sharp (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae:Osoriinae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Hong-Zhang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Rove Beetle ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Sister Relationships

The genus Priochirus Sharp (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae) is a rove beetle group with great variation in cephalic structures, especially the teeth on the frontal margin of head. In this paper, phylogenetic relationships among ten subgenera of the genus Priochirus sensu lato, and of Priochirus and other genera of the tribe Leptochirini are analysed. A cladistic analysis was conducted based on 62 characters of adult morphology. Results indicate that the genus Priochirus is not a monophyletic group and is divided into two lineages (called here Lineages I and II respectively). The subgenus Euleptarthrus Jakobson, which included three species-groups (japonicus, longicornis and malayanus), is shown to be polyphyletic. Lineage I corresponds with the Leiochirus + (Exochirus + Syncampsochirus) + (Eutriacanthus + (Plastus + (japonicus-group of Euleptarthrus + (Barychirus + Stigmatochirus)))) clade and forms a sister group to the genus Thoracochirus Bernhauer. Lineage II corresponds with the Priochirus, s. str. + (Cephalomerus + (longicornis- and malayanus-group of the Euleptarthrus)) clade. In addition, the analysis reveals sister relationships between representatives of Lineage I and the genus Thoracochirus. On the basis of phylogenetic inference, the genus Plastus Bernhauer, stat. nov. is proposed to include the subgenera of Lineage I and a new subgenus Sinumandibulus, subgen. nov., which is erected for the japonicus-group of the former subgenus Euleptarthrus. The genus Priochirus Sharp sensu novo is redefined to include the subgenera of Lineage II. Seven new species are described from China: Plastus (Sinumandibulus) curvaticornis, sp. nov. from Sichuan; Plastus (Sinumandibulus) recticornis, sp. nov. from Hubei; Priochirus (Euleptarthrus) amblyodontus, sp. nov. from Hunan; Priochirus (Euleptarthrus) baoxingensis, sp. nov. from Sichuan, Priochirus (Euleptarthrus) elongates, sp. nov. from Guizhou, Priochirus (Euleptarthrus) parvicornis, sp. nov. from Fujian and Priochirus (Euleptarthrus) oxygonus, sp. nov. from Hainan.

scholarly journals A new species of Pegylis Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Pegylini) from Ethiopia

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4323 (3) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
RICHARD SEHNAL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
African Species ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

The Afrotropical genus Pegylis Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Pegylini) was recently treated by Lacroix (2015), who keyed and figured most of the known species and divided the genus into six species groups based on the number of antennomeres, shape of male genitalia and number of teeth on the protibia. Unfortunately, Lacroix (2015) overlooked two earlier papers by Harrison (2014a, 2014b). Harrison (2014a, 2014b) provided a phylogenetic analysis of the tribe, synonymised Hypopholis Erichson, 1847 with Pegylis, and redescribed the three known South African species of Pegylis. Based on these papers, the genus Pegylis currently contains 37 species. 

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