An illustrated catalogue of the New Zealand marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4366 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGATA KIAŁKA ◽  
RAFAŁ RUTA
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Type ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Primary Type

In this study we summarise the knowledge of the history and current state of research on the New Zealand Scirtidae to provide a base for further research on the family. Data on Tord Nyholm’s research and collections are presented, based on a study of the archives and collection of Swedish Museum of Natural History. The main part of the paper is a catalogue of all described species of Scirtidae known to occur in New Zealand. A total of 11 genera and 126 species of Scirtidae is recorded for New Zealand, with 82% genera and 100% of species endemic to the New Zealand region. A reference to the original description, type locality, type depository and the known distribution within New Zealand is included for each species. Primary type specimens are illustrated for most species. Type species are designated in the present paper for Cyphanus Sharp, 1878 (type species: Cyphanus debilis Sharp, 1878), Mesocyphon Sharp, 1878 (type species: Mesocyphon marmoratus Sharp, 1878), and Veronatus Sharp, 1878 (type species: Anobium tricostellum White, 1846) as they were not fixed in the original descriptions or in subsequent works. Brounicyphon Pic, 1947 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Veronatus. Cyphon huttoni Sharp, 1878 is transferred to the genus Contacyphon Gozis, 1886. 

Redescription of the type specimens of Althepus pictus Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Psilodercidae) from Myanmar

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4838 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
YEJIE LIN ◽  
MARIA L. TAVANO ◽  
SHUQIANG LI ◽  
HAIFENG CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Female Type ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
The Family

Althepus pictus Thorell, 1898 is the type species of the genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 from the family Psilodercidae Machado, 1951. This genus includes 60 species from Southeast Asia (WSC 2020). A. pictus was described on the basis of one male and one female from Carin Chebà mountains, elevation 600‒800 m, Kayin Province, Myanmar. Another female specimen lacking several legs was found in Farm Caves in Mawlamyine, Mon State, Myanmar. The original description was in Latin and without any figures. Fage (1912) redescribed it based on the same male and female type specimens from Carin Chebà, but without mentioning the female from Farm Caves. Fage (1912) provided measurements, but the figures of the male right palp are imprecise. The species is redescribed here based on the original male and female type specimens deposited in Museo Civico di Storia Naturale ‘Giacomo Doria’ (MSNG) in Italy. The male and female type specimens are the only known material of A. pictus. No information is available on the female specimen from Farm Caves, which maybe have been lost. No fresh material of this species has been collected in region during five subsequent expeditions to Myanmar tours organized by the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute in the years 2016–2020. 

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

Two new natatory asellote isopods (Crustacea) from the San Juan Archipelago, Baeonectes improvisus n. gen., n. sp. and Acanthamunnopsis milleri n. sp., with a revised description of A. hystrix Schultz

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3332-3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Original Description ◽  
San Juan ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
Highly Evolved

Two new species of asellote isopods from the waters surroundng the San Juan Archipelago are described and diagnosed. Baeonectes improvisus n. gen., n. sp. and Acanthamunnopsis milleri n. sp. belong to the highly evolved, natatory families Eurycopidae and Munnopsidae, respectively. Baeonectes, a circum-arctic and boreal shallow-water genus, also includes B. muticus (Sars), the type-species. The taxonomic concept of Acanthamunnopsis has difficulties that must be resolved before A. milleri can be described. To this end, the family Acanthamunnopsidae Schultz is invalidated and merged with the Munnopsidae; the genus Acanthamunnopsis Schultz is revised; and A. hystrix, the type-species, is redescribed with corrections and additions to the original description. The unusual presence of the bathypelagic genus Acanthamunnopsis in the surface waters of the San Juan Archipelago is discussed. Acanthamunnopsis milleri is tentatively postulated to be a deep resident of the open ocean that was carried landward into the Strait of Juan de Fuca by upwelled intrusions of cold, saline water.

Phylogenetic relationships of the Balkan Moitessieriidae (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4486 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEBASTIAN HOFMAN ◽  
ALEKSANDRA RYSIEWSKA ◽  
ARTUR OSIKOWSKI ◽  
JOZEF GREGO ◽  
BORIS SKET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Type ◽  
A Site ◽  
Subterranean Waters

The family Moitessieriidae includes minute dioecious gastropods exclusively inhabiting subterranean waters, including thermal ones. Only empty shells were collected in most species, the vast majority of them are described from their gross shell morphology alone. Several visits to a site are usually required to obtain at least some living individuals. High variability in shell morphology and the lack of diagnostic features, coupled with anticipated high levels of endemism, has resulted in a long list of nominal moitessierid species. Type specimens stored as empty shells omit unambiguous identification and delimitation of species boundaries. Due to inaccessibility of cave animals and consequent lack of material suitable for molecular analysis, the phylogenetic relationships, as well as the taxonomy of the family at genus/species level, are far from being understood. The anatomy of the family is also poorly known and provided only for a few taxa. The distinctness of the Moitessieriidae has sometimes been questioned, and their monophyly not proved. Twelve species of the Balkan Moitessieriidae are considered: two species of Paladilhiopsis, two species of Bythiospeum, six species of Iglica, Costellina turrita and Lanzaia bosnica. The shell morphology of each species, as well as the reproductive system of Paladilhiopsis and Iglica, were analysed. DNA sequences of nuclear histone H3, ribosomal 18S, ribosomal 28S and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) were applied to infer phylogenetic relationships among the taxa. The sequences of Bythiospeum from GenBank have been used to infer relationships between Bythiospeum and Paladilhiopsis that were recently synonymized. Paladilhiopsis and Iglica are distinct, but closely related genera, as is the genus Bythiospeum, which does not occur in the Balkans. Its relationships with both former taxa remain unresolved. The Moitessieriidae are clearly distinct from all other families of the Truncatelloidea, however, their monophyly remains doubtful. 

A new genus of ichthyosaur from the Late Triassic Pardonet Formation of British Columbia: bridging the Triassic Jurassic gap

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L Nicholls ◽  
Makoto Manabe
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Diamond

Both the genus Shastasaurus and the family Shastasauridae have long been hard to define due to the fragmentary nature of the type specimens. Consequently, recent interpretations of the genus have been based almost entirely on Shastasaurus neoscapularis from the Late Triassic Pardonet Formation of British Columbia. Two new specimens of this taxon, from Pink Mountain, British Columbia, demonstrate that it does not belong in the genus Shastasaurus. This paper describes the new specimens, and refers the species to Metashastasaurus gen nov. Post-cranially, the skeleton of Metashastasaurus resembles that of shastasaurids, differing primarily only in the shape of the scapula and fibula. However, the skull has a unique combination of characters, including large diamond-shaped frontals that enter the supratemporal fenestrae, and very narrow posterior extensions of the nasals, which contact the postfrontals. It also differs from the skull of Shastasaurus in the presence of both a parietal ridge and postparietal shelf. This is a combination of derived characters previously known only in Jurassic forms. The front limb has four proximal carpals and four digits, indicating that previous reconstructions were based on incomplete material. Shastasaurus pacificus Merriam 1895, the type species of the genus Shastasaurus, must be considered a nomen dubium, making the genus Shastasaurus invalid. Until this problem is clarified, the use of the generic name Shastasaurus should be restricted to Merriam's type specimens, of which only Shastasaurus alexandrae and Shastasaurus osmonti are based on adequate material.

Catalogue and type designations for New Zealand Goniaceritae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4614 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIA-WEI SHEN ◽  
RICHARD A. B. LESCHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Primary Type

A catalogue for the eight Goniaceritae genera that occur in New Zealand is presented, treating a total of 62 species. Seventeen holotypes are confirmed, 38 lectotypes and 99 paralectotypes are designated herein for all valid species but Eupines acceptus Broun, for which type material was not located. One synonymy is proposed: Anabaxis electrica (King, 1863) (= Rybaxis brevis Oke, 1928). Four species of Eupines known only by females are valid species, but without subgeneric assignment. Images of primary type specimens and their original labels are provided.

Taphonomic bias and the evolutionary history of the family Cidaridae (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Paleobiology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Greenstein
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The class Echinoidea apparently originated during the Ordovician Period and diversified slowly through the Paleozoic Era. The clade then mushroomed in diversity beginning in Late Triassic time and continued expanding into the present. Although this evolutionary history is generally accepted, the taphonomic overprint affecting it has not been explored. To gain a more accurate perception of the evolutionary history of the group, I have compared the diversity history of the family Cidaridae (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) with the preservational style of fossil type species using literature-derived data. The Cidaridae apparently originated in Middle Triassic time and diversified slowly through the Neocomian (Early Cretaceous). Diversity was maintained through the remainder of the Cretaceous and Tertiary Periods, reflecting the diversity history of the subclass. Characterization of the preservational style of type fossil material for the family revealed the following breakdown of preservational states: 60% of species were described on the basis of disarticulated skeletal material, primarily spines; 20% based on intact coronas denuded of spines, apical system, Aristotle's lantern and peristomial plates; 10% based on large coronal fragments; and 10% based on other skeletal elements. This distribution may represent the effect of a disarticulation threshold on the condition of echinoid carcasses before final burial and suggests that preservation of intact specimens may be very unlikely. For cidaroids, previous work has suggested that this threshold is likely to be reached after 7 days of decay.Comparison of the diversity history of the Cidaridae with the preservation data reveals that characteristic patterns of taphonomic overprint have affected the group since its origination in Middle Triassic time, and the nature of that overprint has changed over time: the early diversity history of the group is characterized by occurrences of fragmented fossil material, with spines predominant; further radiation of the group in mid-Jurassic time coincided with an increase in modes of preservation, ranging between exceptionally well-preserved material and disarticulated skeletal elements. Finally, type material is more rarely described from younger stratigraphic intervals (Miocene–Pleistocene) and consists predominantly of disarticulated skeletal elements and coronal fragments larger than an interambulacrum in size. Intact, denuded coronas are noticeably lacking.The number of type species of Cidaridae described in each stratigraphic interval has not been consistent during post-Paleozoic time. Middle Triassic, Malm (Upper Jurassic), Senonian (Upper Cretaceous) and Eocene series yielded significantly (α = .05) higher numbers of type specimens per million years, while the Lias (Lower Jurassic), Dogger (Mid-Jurassic), Lower Cretaceous and Paleocene yielded significantly (α = .05) lower numbers of type specimens per million years. This may be the result of a combination of taxonomic, sampling, and geographical biases.

Review of the genus Drylichus Heller (Insecta: Coleoptera: Dryopidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2157 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÁN KODADA ◽  
MANFRED A. JÄCH ◽  
ČIAMPOR FEDOR JR.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Drylichus Heller, which has not been treated since the original description in 1916, is reviewed taxonomically. The type species, Drylichus hylesinoides Heller (New Caledonia), is redescribed. Two new species, D. fidelitas sp. nov. (Lifou Island) and D. monteithi sp. nov. (New Caledonia), are described. Drylichus is hypothesized to be closely related with Parnida Broun (New Zealand), with which it shares the following characters: (1) shape of mouthparts and gular region, (2) distribution and morphology of sensilla on mouthparts, (3) configuration of antennomeres, (4) correspondence of several types of antennal sensilla, (5) shape of ventral sclerites of thorax and abdomen.

The weevil genus Trigonopterus Fauvel (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and its synonyms—a taxonomic study on the species tied to its genus-group names

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2977 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER RIEDEL
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Taxonomic Study

The genus Trigonopterus Fauvel, 1862 is briefly diagnosed. At present, four junior subjective synonyms of the genus exist: Idotasia Pascoe, 1871, Eurysia Pascoe, 1885, Mimidotasia Voss, 1960 (syn. n.), and Microgymnapterus Voss, 1960 (syn. n.). Trigonopterus vossi nom.n. is proposed as a replacement name of the secondary homonym T. submetallicus (Voss, 1960) nec T. submetallicus Marshall, 1921, and T. micros nom.n. to replace T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 327) nec T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 341). Idotasia nasuta Pascoe is designated type species of Idotasia. Lectotypes are designated for the following names: Eurysia fulvicornis Pascoe, Idotasia ebriosa Pascoe, Idotasia elliptica Pascoe, Idotasia inclusa Pascoe, Idotasia nasuta Pascoe, Idotasia scaphioides Pascoe, and Microgymnapterus minutus Voss. The type species of Trigonopterus, Eurysia, Mimidotasia and Microgymnapterus, as well as the five species included in Pascoe´s original description of Idotasia are redescribed: T. ebriosus (Pascoe), T. ellipticus (Pascoe), T. fulvicornis (Pascoe), T. inclusus (Pascoe), T. insignis Fauvel, T. micros nom.n., T. nasutus (Pascoe), T. scaphioides (Pascoe), and T. vossi nom.n.. Trigonopterus egenus (Pascoe) is recognized as a junior synonym of T. scaphioides (Pascoe), syn.n.. Trigonopterus oblitus sp.n., is described based on specimens labeled as paratypes of Microgymnapterus minutus. Douttia basimaculata Voss 1960 is transferred to Trigonopterus: T. basimaculatus (Voss) comb.n.. Trigonopterus insignis Fauvel is endemic to New Caledonia, T. fulvicornis (Pascoe) to Sulawesi; the remaining species treated herein are restricted to parts of New Guinea and Maluku. The record of T. egenus (Pascoe) for New Zealand is incorrect.

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