New species of Crella (Pytheas) Topsent, 1890 and Crellomima Rezvoi, 1925 (Crellidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae) from Chilean shallow and Argentinean deep waters, with a synthesis on the known phylogenetic relationships of crellid sponges

Here, we describe four new species of Crellidae Dendy, 1922 and discuss characters and relationships from published molecular phylogenies including crellid sponges. New species proposed are Crella (Pytheas) chiloensis Fernandez, Gastaldi, Pardo & Hajdu, sp. nov., from southern Chile (15 m depth), C. (P.) desventuradae Fernandez, Gastaldi, Zapata-Hernández & Hajdu, sp. nov., from Desventuradas Archipelago (10–20 m depth), Crella (P.) santacruzae Fernandez, Gastaldi, Thompson & Hajdu, sp. nov., from deep waters off Argentina (750 m depth) and Crellomima sigmatifera Fernandez, Gastaldi & Hajdu, sp. nov., from the Chilean fjords region (ca. 20 m depth). These new species are set apart from each other and from known species mainly due to aspects of their spiculation. Chelae microscleres and acanthostyles supply characters that might be used to infer phylogenetic relationships and to verify the monophyly of Crella Gray, 1867 and Crellidae, which has seemingly been contradicted by preliminary molecular data available in the systematics’ literature. Our own interpretation of phylogenetic affinities, in the light of morphological characters from previous taxonomic studies, argues for a classification reassessment of materials (vouchers) included in these molecular phylogenies, especially in the case of Crella incrustans (Carter, 1885). We argue that currently available molecular phylogenetic outcomes for crellid sponges are not supportive of the polyphyly of Crella and Crellidae.

Download Full-text

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae: Parideae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.392.1.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 392 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ZHUN XU ◽

NENG WEI ◽

YING TAN ◽

SHUAI PENG ◽

VERONICAH MUTELE NGUMBAU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Yunnan Province ◽

Leaf Surface ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Plastid Markers ◽

A New Species

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphological characters and molecular phylogeny. It differs from other species of Paris in its pubescent stem, pedicel and abaxial leaf surface, as well as other characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 33 taxa in Paris was conducted based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and six plastid markers. Paris lihengiana is supported as a new species by both morphological characters and molecular data.

Download Full-text

Integrative taxonomy reveals two new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Maracaçumé and middle Tocantins River basins, Eastern Amazon region

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1145 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 723 ◽

pp. 77-107

Author(s):

Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽

Pâmella Silva De Brito ◽

Pedro Henrique Negreiros Bragança ◽

Jadson Pinheiro Santos ◽

Axel Makay Katz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

The Body ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Two New Species ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Two new species, Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov. and H. geryi Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov., are herein described, based on seven different and independent species delimitation methods, and on molecular and morphological characters, making the hypothesis of these new species supported from an integrative taxonomy perspective. They belong to the “Rosy tetra” clade, which is mainly characterized by the presence of a dark brown or black blotch on the dorsal fin and the absence of a midlateral stripe on the body. These two new species are distinguished from the other members of this clade mainly by the arrangement, shape and color pattern of humeral and dorsal-fin spots, as well as by other characters related to scale counts and body pigmentation. The placement of the new species within the “Rosy tetra” clade was based on the combination of morphological character states mentioned above and corroborated by a molecular phylogenetic analysis using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1. In addition, a new clade (here termed Hyphessobrycon copelandi clade) within the “Rosy tetra” clade is proposed based on molecular data, comprising H. copelandi, H. frickei sp. nov., H. geryi sp. nov. and a still undescribed species. Our results corroborate the occurrence of hidden species within the “Rosy tetra” clade, as suggested by previous studies.

Download Full-text

Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals new species in Rhytismataceae (Rhytismatales, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota) from Guizhou Province, China

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.76.58465 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. 81-106

Author(s):

Jin-Feng Zhang ◽

Jian-Kui Liu ◽

Kevin D. Hyde ◽

Anusha H. Ekanayaka ◽

Zuo-Yi Liu

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Comparative Morphology ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Guizhou Province ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities ◽

Karst Terrains

Karst formations represent a unique eco-environment. Research in the microfungi inhabiting this area is limited. During an ongoing survey of ascomycetous microfungi from karst terrains in Guizhou Province, China, we discovered four new species, which are introduced here as Hypoderma paralinderae, Terriera karsti, T. meitanensis and T. sigmoideospora placed in Rhytismataceae, based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters. Molecular analyses, based on concatenated LSU-ITS-mtSSU sequence data, were used to infer phylogenetic affinities. Detail descriptions and comprehensive illustrations of these new taxa are provided and relationships with the allied species are discussed, based on comparative morphology and molecular data.

Download Full-text

Pseudosperma albobrunneum sp. nov. from coniferous forests of Pakistan

Mycotaxon ◽

10.5248/136.361 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 136 (2) ◽

pp. 361-372

Author(s):

Sana Jabeen ◽

Zainab ◽

Hira Bashir ◽

Abdul Nasir Khalid

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Its Region ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Coniferous Forests ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province ◽

A New Species

A new species, Pseudosperma albobrunneum, is described and illustrated. The specimens are from different areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. The identification is based on morphological characters, in combination with molecular phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The species is found distinct morphologically from all closely related taxa, and molecular data confirm its novelty.

Download Full-text

Phylogenomic and Morphological Reevaluation of the Bee Tribes Biastini, Neolarrini, and Townsendiellini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) With Description of Three New Species of Schwarzia

Insect Systematics and Diversity ◽

10.1093/isd/ixaa013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Silas Bossert ◽

Robert S Copeland ◽

Trevor J L Sless ◽

Michael G Branstetter ◽

Jessica P Gillung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Host Choice ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Taxon Sampling ◽

New Synonyms ◽

Three New Species

Abstract Bees of the tribes Biastini, Neolarrini, and Townsendiellini are cleptoparasites in the subfamily Nomadinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) and parasitize solitary bees. Understanding their phylogenetic relationships has proven difficult for many decades. Previous research yielded ambiguous results because of conflicting phylogenetic signals of larval and adult morphological characters. Molecular data settled some of this disparity but our knowledge remains fragmented due to limited taxon sampling and the discovery of a new lineage associated with Biastini: the enigmatic Schwarzia Eardley, 2009. Schwarzia has unusual morphological features and seems transitional between previously established taxa. This puts limits on our ability to diagnose the groups, understand their antiquity and biogeography, and study the evolution of host-choice. To address this, we integrate phylogenomics and morphology to establish a fossil-calibrated phylogeny for the tribes Biastini, Neolarrini, and Townsendiellini. We show that Schwarzia is indeed closely related to Biastes Panzer, 1806, but Biastes itself is paraphyletic in respect to Neopasites Ashmead, 1898, and even Biastini is paraphyletic due to Townsendiella Crawford, 1916, which is sister to Rhopalolemma Roig-Alsina, 1991. To ensure monophyly, we lower Neopasites to subgeneric rank within Biastes and resurrect Melittoxena Morawitz, 1873 as a third subgenus. We then assess the diagnosability of different tribal concepts and establish an expanded tribe Neolarrini that includes Biastini and Townsendiellini as new synonyms for Neolarrini. Neolarrini in this new, expanded sense likely originated in the Nearctic in the mid-Eocene and is, as far we know, composed exclusively of parasites of oligolectic hosts. Lastly, our continued efforts to find the rare Schwarzia in Eastern Africa led to the discovery of three new species, which are described herein.

Download Full-text

A new species of Amaurobius C.L. Koch, 1837 (Araneae: Amaurobiidae) from Apennine Mountains (Italy) with the description of the male of A. pavesii Pesarini, 1991

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4276 (4) ◽

pp. 479

Author(s):

FRANCESCO BALLARIN ◽

PAOLO PANTINI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Tree ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Clear Separation ◽

Italian Peninsula ◽

A New Species

A new species of the genus Amaurobius C.L. Koch, 1837, Amaurobius pesarinii sp. n., from the Apennine Mountains (Italy) is described on the basis of both sexes. The male of A. pavesii Pesarini, 1991, previously unknown, is also described. Females of A. pavesii and both sexes of the similar A. scopolii Thorell, 1871 are re-described. Detailed description of morphological characters allow clear separation between these species and the closely related A. ferox (Walckenaer, 1820). Their phylogenetic relationships among the most common Italian Amaurobius species are discussed on the basis of molecular data (partial fragments of the genes COI, 16S and H3), together with their distribution across the Italian Peninsula. This is the first contribution to a multi-locus phylogenetic tree of European Amaurobius species. The synonymy of A. sciakyi Pesarini, 1991 with A. ruffoi Thaler, 1990 is proposed based on morphological characters.

Download Full-text

Impatiens wuyiensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Fujian of Southeast China, based on morphological and molecular evidences

Botanical Studies ◽

10.1186/s40529-020-00306-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jian-Sheng Wang ◽

Yi-Fei Lu ◽

Yue-Liang Xu ◽

Shui-Hu Jin ◽

Xiao-Feng Jin

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Southeast China ◽

Unknown Species ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Corolla Morphology

Abstract Background Southeast Asia, together with tropical Africa, Madagascar, South India and Sri Lanka, and the eastern Himalayas, are the five primary hotspots of species diversity of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). China is also rich in Impatiens species, especially in the limestone karsts or ‘Danxia’ landforms. With zygomorphic flowers and diverse corolla morphology and color, the species in Impatiens are well-known for their ornamental use, but they are also notorious in taxonomy. During the preparation of revision of Impatiens in Zhejiang and adjacent regions, an unknown species was collected from Mt. Wuyi in Fujian Province, Southeast China. Results Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ITS, chloroplast atpB-rbcL and trnL-F sequences, together with micromorphology of pollen grains and seed coats, strongly supported the close relationship of the new species with Impatiens platysepala Y.L.Chen and I. chloroxantha Y.L.Chen. In turn, both molecular data and morphological characters also were sufficient to distinguish the new species from the other two counterparts. Conclusions Our detailed morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Impatiens wuyiensis as a species new to science.

Download Full-text

Description of Basiria khouzestanensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from Iran and its phylogenetic relationships with other species in the family

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4563 (3) ◽

pp. 482 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PAYAM EISVAND ◽

REZA FARROKHI NEJAD ◽

SEDIGHE AZIMI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Body Contour ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Basal Bulb ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

Tail Tip ◽

Short Body

Basiria khouzestanensis n. sp., recovered from the rhizosphere of orange in Khouzestan Province, south-western Iran, is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterized by having short body length (430–635 µm), lateral fields composed of four incisures, with non areolated bands, cephalic region smooth and continuous with body contour, stylet 9–12.5 µm long, basal bulb short and pyriform to slightly cylindrical, V = 63.3 (58–65.5), spermatheca non-offset, tail elongate-conoid, tail tip with various shapes and males with 16.5 (15–18) μm long spicules. Morphologically, the new species is similar to five known species of the genus: B. babhi, B. brevia, B. graminophila, B. lauta and B. shahidi. Morphological comparisons with these species are discussed. The sequence of the D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA gene for the new species was also used for molecular phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species in relation to representatives of the family Tylenchidae, obtained from Bayesian inference (BI) analysis of the D2–D3 sequences, are presented and discussed. The new species clusters in a subclade containing three unidentiﬁed species of the genus Basiria from Iran with high support.

Download Full-text

Combining morphological and molecular data to classify Laxus sakihariiae sp. n., a new stilbonematine nematode (Nematoda: Desmodoridae) from the coast of Sesoko Island, Japan

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 81-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Leduc ◽

Frederic Sinniger

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Diagnostic Feature ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Simple Body ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

Because of their relatively simple body plan, the number of morphological characters used to differentiate between closely related nematode genera is often limited. In addition, boundaries among genera sometimes become blurred due to the appearance of new trait combinations as more new species are described. Molecular phylogenetic analyses can address the shortcomings of morphological taxonomy by clarifying relationships among closely related species and genera and can help identify which morphological characters are taxonomically informative. Here, we describeLaxus sakihariiaesp. n. from shallow subtidal sands on Sesoko Island in the Okinawa prefecture, investigate phylogenetic relationships with other stilbonematine species and genera based on SSU rDNA sequences, and provide the first LSU rDNA sequence for the subfamily. The new species can be easily distinguished from all other species of the genus by the presence in the male of subventral and ventral rows of stout and spine-like setae in the pre- and postcloacal regions. This feature suggests affinities with the closely related genusLeptonemella, although the SSU consensus tree clearly shows that the new species forms a monophyletic clade together with the otherLaxusspecies for which sequences are available. The structure of the cephalic capsule inL. sakihariiaesp. n., which consists of a block layer between the median and basal zones of the cephalic cuticle, is consistent with the placement of this species. This trait is not currently used as a diagnostic feature, but our finding suggests that the structure of the cephalic capsule may be taxonomically useful for differentiating between some stilbonematine genera.

Download Full-text

Dianthus pseudocrinitus (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Northeast of Iran identified by morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.156.2.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 156 (2) ◽

pp. 59 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jamil Vaezi ◽

Maryam Behroozian ◽

Farshid Memariani ◽

Mohammad Reza Joharchi

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Stem Type ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Floral Characters ◽

A New Species

A new species from southwest of Bojnord, NE of Iran is described and illustrated here as Dianthus pseudocrinitus (Caryophyllaceae). This species is morphologically similar to D. crinitus subsp. turcomanicus, but can be distinguished from the latter by bract number, width of lower and upper leaves, margin of thickness of outermost bracts, length of calyx, length and width of anther, branches of stem, type of sheath of lower leaf, and tip shape of petal fimbria. The new species is also similar to D. orientalis subsp. stenocalyx in terms of floral characters, but they differ by several non- overlapping morphological characters. Results obtained from the morphological data are consistent with those obtained from the molecular phylogenetic trees based on sequences of the two copies of DFR1 gene, confirming phylogenetic affinity of the new species to D. crinitus subsp. turcomanicus.

Download Full-text