Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of fourteen new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5055 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-137
Author(s):  
MÔNICA ANTUNES ULYSSÉA ◽  
C.R.F. BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Geographical Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Information ◽  
First Time

This paper provides a taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel (1912) (Myrmicinae: Pogonomyrmecini). Morphological traits combined with geographical data and natural history information led to the recognition of 30 species, fourteen of them described here as new: Hylomyrma adelae sp. n., Hylomyrma dandarae sp. n., Hylomyrma jeronimae sp. n., Hylomyrma lispectorae sp. n., Hylomyrma lopesi sp. n., Hylomyrma macielae sp. n., Hylomyrma margaridae sp. n., Hylomyrma mariae sp. n., Hylomyrma marielleae sp. n., Hylomyrma mitiae sp. n., Hylomyrma peetersi sp. n., Hylomyrma primavesi sp. n., Hylomyrma virginiae sp. n. and Hylomyrma wachiperi sp. n. Lectotypes for H. speciosa (junior synonym of H. balzani) and H. reitteri are here designated from syntypes to improve nomenclatural stability. Except for the three species most recently described (H. montana, H. plumosa, and H. villemantae), the external morphology of workers is described or redescribed, as well as for the known males and queens, most described here for the first time. Of the 30 recognized species herein, 11 present intercastes; at least three of them present female specimens with queen-like traits that may be understood as ergatoids. An updated identification key for Hylomyrma workers is provided, as well as high resolution photographs of all known sexes and castes, species distribution maps, and a summary of what is known from the biology of all species.  

Taxonomic revision of the genus Prionopelta Mayr, 1866 (Formicidae: Amblyoponinae) for the Neotropical region

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4821 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-249
Author(s):  
NATALIA LADINO ◽  
RODRIGO M. FEITOSA
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Geographical Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Worker Caste ◽  
First Time

The ant genus Prionopelta Mayr, 1866 is revised for the Neotropics. Morphological traits combined with geographical data led to the recognition of eight species, four of them described here as new: Prionopelta dubia sp. n., Prionopelta menininha sp. n., Prionopelta minuta sp. n., and Prionopelta tapatia sp. n. Prionopelta marthae Forel, 1909 is proposed as a new junior synonym of Prionopelta antillana Forel, 1909. External morphological descriptions of the worker caste for all species are provided, as well as for some of the males and queens, mostly described here for the first time. Identification keys for all known castes, distribution maps and high-resolution illustrations are supplied for all species.

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical myrmicine ant genus Lachnomyrmex Wheeler (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1890 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO M. FEITOSA ◽  
CARLOS ROBERTO F. BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
South America ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Geographical Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Generic Description ◽  
Wet Forests ◽  
First Time ◽  
Morphological Patterns

The Neotropical ant genus Lachnomyrmex Wheeler, 1910 is revised for the first time. A revised generic description is provided for workers and gynes; males remain unknown. Morphological patterns combined with geographical data led to the recognition of 16 species, of which 10 are here described as new: L. amazonicus sp. n., L. fernandezi sp. n., L. grandis Fernández & Baena, L. haskinsi Smith, L. lattkei sp. n., L. longinodus Fernández & Baena, L. longinoi sp. n., L. mackayi sp. n., L. nordestinus sp. n., L. pilosus Weber, L. laticeps sp. n., L. platynodus sp. n., L. plaumanni Borgmeier, L. regularis sp. n., L. scrobiculatus Wheeler, and L. victori sp. n. The gynes of L. grandis, L. haskinsi, and L. pilosus are described for the first time. Illustrated identification keys for workers, distribution maps, and high resolution illustrations are supplied for all species. Some Lachnomyrmex species are relatively common in the leaf-litter of submontane wet forests in Central and South America; others remain known by very few individuals. The relatively small and apparently monogynic Lachnomyrmex colonies inhabit small nests in the ground, among rotten leaves and inside fallen logs. Workers generally forage alone on the ground or within the leaf litter, but have been recorded also on tree trunks, and apparently do not recruit nestmates.

Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4685 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRENE LOBATO-VILA ◽  
JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time

A taxonomic revision of the tribe Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is conducted for the first time. Prior to this study, the total number of valid species of Ceroptres, the only genus within Ceroptresini to date, was 23. As a result of this revision, 15 Ceroptres species are retained as valid and one species, Amblynotus ensiger Walsh, 1864, is desynonymized from Ceroptres petiolicola (Osten-Sacken, 1861), being considered here as a valid Ceroptres species: C. ensiger (Walsh, 1864) status verified and comb. nov. An additional five new species are described from Mexico: Ceroptres junquerasi Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. lenis Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. mexicanus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. nigricrus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. quadratifacies Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov., increasing the total number of valid Ceroptres species to 21. Ceroptres masudai Abe, 1997 is synonymized with C. kovalevi Belizin, 1973. Ceroptres niger Fullaway, 1911 is transferred to Andricus (Andricus confusus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar comb. nov. and nom. nov.). Five species (Amblynotus inermis Walsh, 1864; Cynips quercusarbos Fitch, 1859; Cynips querficus Fitch, 1859; Cynips quercuspisum Fitch, 1859; and Cynips quercustuber Fitch, 1859) are not considered as valid Ceroptres. The status of Ceroptres quereicola (Shinji, 1938), previously classified as an unplaced species, is commented on. In addition, a Nearctic species from the USA, Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896, is here proposed as the type species of a new genus within Ceroptresini: Buffingtonella Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar gen. nov. Redescriptions, biological and distribution data, illustrations and keys to genera and species within Ceroptresini are provided. The diagnostic morphological traits of Ceroptresini, Ceroptres and the new genus are discussed. 

Taxonomic revision of the “mexicanus” group of the genus Vaejovis C. L. Koch, 1836 (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4596 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CONTRERAS-FÉLIX GERARDO A. ◽  
FRANCKE B. OSCAR F.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

Within the scorpion genus Vaejovis C.L. Koch, the “mexicanus” group is composed of species distributed in the mountains of México. This group presents taxonomic problems, because its characterization and the species included in the group have varied through the years. In the present work, we redefine this group based on several morphological characters, and we differentiate it from the other two species groups within the genus: “vorhiesi” and “nit dulus+nigrescens”. Additionally, five new species are described: Vaejovis ceboruco sp. nov., Vaejovis nanchititla sp. nov., Vaejovis santibagnezi sp. nov., Vaejovis talpa sp. nov. and Vaejovis tapalpa sp. nov; the males of three species are described for the first time (V. dugesi, V. nigrofemoratus and V. tesselatus); and the updated diagnosis for all species is included. Keys for the identification of males and females of the 30 species included in this group are given. Lastly, notes on the natural history and distribution of some species are provided, with maps of known distribution for all the species.

A synopsis of Phyllogomphoides Belle, 1970 (Odonata: Gomphidae) of Mexico: taxonomy and distribution

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4634 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-67
Author(s):  
MÓNICA TORRES-PACHÓN ◽  
RODOLFO NOVELO-GUTIÉRREZ ◽  
EDUARDO RUIZ-SANCHEZ
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural History ◽  
New Records ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
San Luis ◽  
San Luis Potosi ◽  
First Time ◽  
San Luis Potosí ◽  
Taxonomic Keys

A synopsis of the 13 species of Phyllogomphoides Belle, 1970 known to occur within Mexico is presented. Taxonomic keys for males are based primarily on morphology of anterior and posterior hamules, caudal appendages and of the vulvar lamina in females and includes full descriptions for each species accompanied by high-resolution photographs, drawings, comparative diagnostic notes, natural history and distribution maps. Females of P. danieli González & Novelo, 1990 and P. nayaritensis Belle, 1987 are described for the first time. Moreover, new records for P. albrighti (Needham, 1950) for the states of Guerrero; P. danieli González & Novelo, 1990 for Colima, Guerrero and San Luis Potosí; P. duodentatus Donnelly, 1979 for Oaxaca; P. luisi González & Novelo, 1990 for Nayarit, and P. pugnifer Donnelly, 1979 for San Luis Potosí, are also provided. 

A taxonomic revision of the tarantula spider genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with notes on the Selenocosmiinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2362 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICK C. WEST ◽  
STEVEN C. NUNN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lombok Island

The tarantula genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 is revised with three new species described: L. achilles sp. nov. from Gunung Nibung, Borneo; L. fuscus sp. nov. from Simpang Kubur, Borneo and L. lessunda sp. nov. from Lombok Island, Indonesia. The male of L. robustus Smith 1988 is described for the first time, the female is redescribed. L. crotalus Pocock 1895 is considered a senior synonym of L. pugnax Pocock 1900. Several new characters are discussed, with Lyrognathus keyed to species. The diagnosis of the Selenocosmiinae is amended. Zoogeographic distribution, natural history and subfamilial relationships with proposed sister genera Selenocosmia Ausserer 1871 and Coremiocnemis Simon 1892 are discussed. Lyrognathus saltator is redescribed. Selenocosmia lyra Strand 1913 is considered a nomen dubium.

Taxonomic revision of the New World genus Pelonides Kuwert (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Enopliinae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-526
Author(s):  
Weston Opitz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
New World ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Line Drawings

AbstractThe genus Pelonides Kuwert (Coleoptera: Cleridae) is revised to include six species as follows: P. floripennis Opitz, new species, P. granulatipennis (Schaeffer), P. humeralis (Horn), P. quadrinotata (Haldeman), P. quadripunctata (Say), and P. scabripennis (LeConte). Pelonides species are presumed predators of lignicolous and anthophilous prey species. It is hypothesised that the sister group of Pelonides is Parapelonides Barr, and that ancestral Pelonides diversified on ancient terrain known as the Mexican/Mayan block. Lectotypes were designated for P. granulatipennis (Schaeffer) and P. quadripunctata (Say). Pelonides similis Knull is synonymised with P. humeralis (Horn). Fifteen characters were evaluated phylogenetically and analysed with WINCLADA, in combination with NONA, which generated two fully resolved trees. This treatise also includes a key to Pelonides species, a summary of natural history, 24 line drawings, four electron micrographs, 24 habitus illustrations, and three distribution maps.

Bothynus entellus (LePeletier & Serville) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) species group: taxonomic revision and description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4750 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
PAULO R.M. DUARTE ◽  
PASCHOAL C. GROSSI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

The Bothynus entellus (LePeletier & Serville) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini) species group is reviewed with redescriptions, diagnoses, illustrations, and separate identification keys to males and females. Distribution maps for all species in this species group are presented for the first time. Furthermore, two new species, Bothynus araya Duarte & Grossi new species and Bothynus condacki Duarte & Grossi new species, are described. 

An overview of the African genera of Prodidominae spiders: descriptions and remarks (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4799 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-80
Author(s):  
BRUNO V. B. RODRIGUES ◽  
CRISTINA A. RHEIMS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

A taxonomic revision of exclusively African genera of Prodidominae (Gnaphosidae), with the exception of Theuma, is provided. Austrodomus Lawrence, 1947 is revised. The type species A. zuluensis Lawrence, 1947 is redescribed, the male of A. scaber (Purcell, 1904) is described for the first time, and one new species, A. gamsberg sp. nov. (♂), is described from Namibia. Katumbea Cooke, 1964 is considered a junior synonym of Austrodomus and A. oxoniensis (Cooke, 1964) comb. nov. from Tanzania is redescribed. Eleleis Simon, 1893 is revised. The type species, E. crinita Simon, 1893, is redescribed and eight new species are described: E. limpopo sp. nov. (♂♀) from South Africa and Zambia, E. okavango sp. nov. (♂♀) from Botswana and Namibia, E. etosha sp. nov. (♂♀), E. himba sp. nov. (♂) and E. luderitz sp. nov. (♀) from Namibia, E. leleupi sp. nov. (♂) and E. haddadi sp. nov. (♀) from South Africa, and E. solitaria sp. nov. (♀) from Cape Verde. Purcelliana Cooke, 1964 is revised. The type species, P. problematica Cooke, 1964, is redescribed and three new species are described: P. kamaseb sp. nov. (♂♀) and P. khabus sp. nov. (♂♀) from Namibia, and P. cederbergensis sp. nov. (♂) from South Africa. Plutonodomus Cooke, 1964 is redescribed based solely on the type species, P. kungwensis Cooke, 1964. In addition, three new genera are described: Kikongo gen. nov., to include K. ruwenzori sp. nov. (♂♀) and K. buta sp. nov. (♂♀) from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R. Congo), and K. rutshuru sp. nov. (♂♀) from D.R. Congo and Kenya; Kituba gen. nov., to include K. mayombensis sp. nov. (♂♀) and K. langalanga sp. nov. (♀) from D.R. Congo; and Yoruba gen. nov., to include Y. ibadanus sp. nov. (♂♀) from Nigeria and Y. toubensis sp. nov. (♂♀) from Ivory Coast. Distribution maps are provided for the species discussed in this study and an identification key is provided for all twelve genera of Prodidominae recorded in Africa. 

A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part II

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5033 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-230
Author(s):  
ROBERT A. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Harvester Ant ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Ergatoid Males

This paper provides a taxonomic revision and reviews natural history for 35 South American species of the seed-harvesting ant genus Pogonomyrmex. Species treated herein mostly comprise the P. rastratus-group; four species are revived from synonomy, three taxa are elevated from subspecies to species, five taxa are synonymized, and 20 new species are described. The following taxa are revived from synonomy: P. intermedia Menozzi, P. semistriata Emery, P. spinolae Emery, and P. weiseri Santschi. The following taxa are raised from subspecies to species: P. leonis Kusnezov, P. pulchellus Santschi, and P. sanmartini Kusnezov. The following new synonymies are proposed, with the senior synonym listed first, and the junior synonym(s) in parentheses: P. carbonarius Mayr (= P. kusnezovi Cuezzo & Claver, = P. weiseri var. neuquensis Santschi, = P. variabilis Santschi); P. vermiculatus Emery (= P. vermiculatus var. chubutensis Forel, = P. vermiculatus var. jorgenseni Forel). The following new species are described: P. apterogenos, P. araucania, P. atacama, P. bolivianus, P. colca, P. cusquena, P. excelsior, P. forelii, P. granulatus, P. lagunabravensis, P. loaensis, P. mapuche, P. maulensis, P. pichachen, P. propinqua, P. santschii, P. strioligaster, P. tafi, P. varicolor, and P. wilsoni. One species treated herein has brachypterous queens (P. atacama), one species has dimorphic queens (winged and brachypterous in P. longibarbis), and two species have ergatoid (permanently wingless) queens and ergatoid males (P. apterogenos, P. laguanbravensis); the latter two are the only known ant species in which both sexual castes are only ergatoid. I also provide keys for workers and queens (in English and Spanish), diagnoses for males, photographs of known castes, distribution maps, and a summary of known biology.  

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