A Nano-Based P1Cminimum Probe to Monitor Thrombosis in Grafts and Improve Cardiac Function After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

Magnetic resonance imaging is widely used to identify and monitor thrombi in grafted vessels following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). We produced a biosensor, P1Cm-SPIO-Cy5.5, composed of P1Cm peptide, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO), and polyethylene glycol (PEG), for use in MRI thrombus imaging. Activated platelets induced by adenosine diphosphate were used for combination tests in vitro. A rat model of common carotid artery thrombosis was used for anti-thrombus experiments in vivo. P1Cm-SPIO-Cy5.5 remains stable in vitro and has good anticoagulation capacity. It can bind specifically to activated platelets and thrombi. In rats that underwent bypass surgery, P1Cm-SPIO-Cy5.5 could detect and label thrombi over a long period, and prevent thrombosis in grafted vessels. P1Cm-SPIO-Cy5.5 improved cardiac function in rats following CABG surgery. P1Cm-SPIO-Cy5.5 is a potential sensor for use in MRI for the early diagnosis and prevention of thrombosis after CABG surgery.

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Is Periodontitis a Predictor for an Adverse Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? A Pilot Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10040818 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 818

Author(s):

Stefan Reichert ◽

Susanne Schulz ◽

Lisa Friebe ◽

Michael Kohnert ◽

Julia Grollmitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽

Surface Area ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Grafting ◽

Artery Bypass Grafting ◽

Cabg Surgery

Periodontitis is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary vascular disease (CVD). This research evaluated the relationship between periodontal conditions and postoperative outcome in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). A total of 101 patients with CVD (age 69 years, 88.1% males) and the necessity of CABG surgery were included. Periodontal diagnosis was made according to the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2007). Additionally, periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were determined. Multivariate survival analyses were carried out after a one-year follow-up period with Cox regression. All study subjects suffered from periodontitis (28.7% moderate, 71.3% severe). During the follow-up period, 14 patients (13.9%) experienced a new cardiovascular event (11 with angina pectoris, 2 with cardiac decompensation, and 1 with cardiac death). Severe periodontitis was not significant associated with the incidence of new events (adjusted hazard ratio, HR = 2.6; p = 0.199). Other risk factors for new events were pre-existing peripheral arterial disease (adjusted HR = 4.8, p = 0.030) and a history of myocardial infarction (HR = 6.1, p = 0.002). Periodontitis was not found to be an independent risk factor for the incidence of new cardiovascular events after CABG surgery.

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Abstract 120: Regional Variation in Infection Rates after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.6.suppl_1.a120 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Donald Likosky ◽

Mallika Kommareddi ◽

Theodore Boeve ◽

Steven Harrington ◽

Robert Holmes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Case Mix ◽

Bypass Grafting ◽

Artery Bypass Grafting ◽

Cabg Surgery ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Cannulation Site

Introduction: Healthcare acquired infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Prior work has identified a number of patient-related risk factors associated with HAIs. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that rates of HAIs would differ across institutions, in part attributed to differences in case mix. Methods: We enrolled 27,663 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery at 33 medical centers in Michigan between 1/1/2008 - 6/30/2012. Overall HAIs included pneumonia, sepsis/septicemia, deep sternal wound, thoracotomy, and harvest/cannulation site infections. We excluded patients presenting with endocarditis. Predicted rates of HAIs were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Overall rate of HAI was 5.3% (1454 of 27,663) [pneumonia: 3.7% (n=1020), sepsis/septicemia: 1.0% (n=266), deep sternal wound: 0.7% (n=184), harvest/cannulation site: 0.6% (n=163), multiple infections: 0.6% (n=169)]. While predicted risk of HAI differed in absolute terms by 4.1% across centers (4.2% - 8.3%, min:max), observed rates varied from 1.3% to 20.8%, p<0.01 (Figure). Conclusions: There was a 16-fold variability in rates of HAIs across medical centers among patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery. This variability could not be explained by patient case mix. Future work should focus on the impact of other factors (e.g. organizational and systems of clinical care) on risk of HAIs.

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