Ultrasound Imaging of the Vastus Intermedius and Vastus Medialis Oblique Thickness for Assessment of Early Torque Development During Knee Extension

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1557-1561
Author(s):  
Jaeho Yang ◽  
Yong Woo An ◽  
Eunwook Chang
Keyword(s):  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Torque Development

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between knee extension torque (rate of torque development and peak torque) and quadriceps muscle thickness in healthy males and females. Thirty-six recreationally active and healthy individuals participated in the study. Portable ultrasound was used to image the dominant side of each quadriceps muscle (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus medialis oblique). After muscle thickness measurement, participants performed knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Rate of torque development was calculated from 0 to 50 (RTD50) and 0 to 200 (RTD200) milliseconds after onset of torque generation and peak torque was defined as maximum torque during maximal voluntary isometric contraction trials. A higher RTD50 value was found to be associated with greater vastus intermedius and vastus medialis oblique thicknesses, and a higher RTD200 with the thickness of all quadriceps muscles (p < 0.05). Finally, vastus medialis and vastus medialis oblique thicknesses were associated with a higher peak torque (p < 0.05). According to these results, the findings suggest to coaches that vastus intermedius and vastus medialis oblique thicknesses are critical to torque development during the early phase of knee extension contraction (RTD50), which is essential for executing athletic tasks and preventing injuries.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Lower Quadriceps Cross-sectional Area and Attenuation in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa A Marques ◽  
Martine Elbejjani ◽  
Andrew W Frank-Wilson ◽  
Vilmundur Gudnason ◽  
Gunnar Sigurdsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Muscle Attenuation ◽  
Torque Development

Abstract Introduction In addition to well-established links with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, cigarette smoking may affect skeletal muscle; however, associations with quadriceps atrophy, density, and function are unknown. This study explored the associations of current and former smoking with quadriceps muscle area and attenuation as well as muscle force (assessed as knee extension peak torque) and rate of torque development—a measure of muscle power in older adults. Methods Data from 4469 older adults, aged 66–95 years at baseline in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study with measurements of thigh computed tomography, isometric knee extension testing, self-reported smoking history, and potential covariates were analyzed. Results Sex differences were observed in these data; therefore, our final analyses are stratified by sex. In men, both former smokers and current smokers had lower muscle area (with β= –0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.17 to –0.03 and β = –0.19, 95% CI = –0.33 to –0.05, respectively) and lower muscle attenuation (ie, higher fat infiltration, β = –0.08, 95% CI = –0.16 to –0.01 and β = –0.17, 95% CI = –0.34 to –0.01, respectively) when compared with never smokers. Smoking status was not associated with male peak torque or rate of torque development. In women, current smoking was associated with lower muscle attenuation (β = –0.24, 95% CI = –0.34 to –0.13) compared to never smoking. Among female smokers (current and former), muscle attenuation and peak torque were lower with increasing pack-years. Conclusions Results suggest that cigarette smoking is related to multiple muscle properties at older age and that these relationships may be different among men and women. Implications This article presents novel data, as it examined for the first time the relationship between smoking and computed tomography-derived quadriceps muscle size (cross-sectional area) and attenuation. This study suggests that current cigarette smoking is related to higher muscle fat infiltration, which may have significant health implications for the older population, because of its known association with poor physical function, falls, and hip fractures.

Unique Characteristics of Quadriceps Muscle Morphology and Function in Older Tennis Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Moroe Beppu ◽  
Naoki Chosa ◽  
Kohei Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Vastus Intermedius

We investigated the quadriceps muscle size and quantitative characteristics in older tennis players. Thirty-eight senior tennis players (70.8 ± 5.3 years) and 38 controls (71.6 ± 5.1 years) were included. To measure the muscle size and quality, we measured muscle thickness in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and muscle echo intensity in the RF and vastus lateralis using B-mode transverse ultrasound, respectively. We measured knee extension peak torque for muscle function. Muscle thickness in the RF, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were significantly larger in tennis players than in controls. Tennis players had a lower echo intensity in RF and a higher knee extension peak torque compared to controls. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis implied that echo intensity and muscle thickness were predictors of knee extension peak torque. Higher muscle quality contributes to a higher knee extension peak torque in tennis players. Playing tennis may prevent age-related muscle atrophy and maintain muscle quality in older individuals.

Can Hip Joint Position affect Quadriceps Muscle Responses during Knee Extension Exercise?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 929-935
Author(s):  
Denis César Leite Vieira ◽  
Marco Aurélio Araujo Dourado ◽  
Lucas Ugliara ◽  
Joao Luiz Quagliotti Durigan ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Work Output ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Knee Extension Exercise

AbstractThis study investigated the acute effects of seated and supine knee extension exercise on muscle swelling, torque, and work output. Twelve resistance-trained men performed two isokinetic concentric-only knee-extension training protocols at different hip positions in a counter-balanced order. They completed the knee extension exercise in the seated (hip angle at 85°) and supine (hip angle at 180°) positions. The torque and work output were assessed during each set. Moreover, muscle thickness of the middle and proximal vastus lateralis and rectus femoris were evaluated before and after each protocol and used as an indicator of muscle swelling. Middle rectus femoris and proximal vastus lateralis thickness increased significantly (p=0.01) with no difference between exercise variations. However, the middle vastus lateralis thickness increased (p=0.01) only after the seated knee extension exercise (~7%). Knee extensors’ peak torque and work output were approximately 8% higher (p=0.04) in the seated when compared to the supine hip position. There was a similar decrease in torque and work output throughout both protocols (p=0.98). In conclusion, seated knee extension exercises produced greater torque, work output, and muscle swelling in the vastus lateralis when compared to the supine knee extension exercise.

Discriminatory Ability of Lower-Extremity Peak Torque and Rate of Torque Development in the Identification of Older Women With Slow Gait Speed

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Hellen Morcelli ◽  
Dain Patrick LaRoche ◽  
Luciano Fernandes Crozara ◽  
Nise Ribeiro Marques ◽  
Camilla Zamfolini Hallal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Functional Gait ◽  
Hip Extension ◽  
Torque Development

The aim was to compare torque and rate of torque development of lower limb muscles between older women with functional and slow gait speeds to determine which muscle group is the best predictor of functional gait speed, and to establish strength thresholds needed for functional walking speed. Torque and rate of torque development of hip, knee, and ankle muscles were measured in older women who were divided in 2 groups according to gait speed: slow gait speed (<1.22 m·s−1) and functional gait speed (≥1.22 m·s−1). For each muscle group, 3 maximal isometric contractions were performed, and peak torque and rate of torque development were recorded. Older women with slow gait speed had lower peak torque than older women with functional gait speed for hip extension (28%), knee flexion (15%), knee extension (14%), and plantar flexion (16%) (allPs < .05). Older women with slow gait speed had lower peak rate of torque development for hip flexion (29%), hip extension (37%), knee flexion (34%), knee extension (33%), and plantar flexion (19%) (allPs < .05). Knee extension peak rate of torque development and hip extension peak torque were the better predictors of functional gait speed with thresholds of 2.96 N·m·s−1·kg−1and 1.26 N·m·kg−1, respectively.

The Effects of Ankle Position on Torque and Muscle Activity of the Knee Extensor During Maximal Isometric Contraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin-Hee Lee ◽  
Seul-Min Yu ◽  
Chang-Man An
Keyword(s):  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction

Context: It is very important to empirically determine the optimal ankle position for the quadriceps femoris (QF) strengthening during isometric exercises. Objective: To examine the effect of different ankle positions on torque and electromyography (EMG) activity of QF during maximal isometric contraction. Study Design: Within-subject repeated measures. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Thirty-six healthy volunteers (15 males and 21 females). Main Outcome Measures: The isometric strength of the QF was measured at 3 different ankle positions: active dorsiflexion (AD), active plantar flexion (AP), and neutral position (NP). Simultaneously, 3 different ankle positions were assessed for EMG activity of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris muscles during maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Results: The peak torque per body weight and average peak torque were significantly higher in AD than in AP and NP (P < .01). The vastus medialis and rectus femoris maximal voluntary isometric contraction EMG activity were significantly higher in AD than in AP and NP (P < .01). The vastus lateralis maximal voluntary isometric contraction EMG activity was significantly higher in AD than in AP and NP (P < .01), and was significantly higher in AP than in NP (P < .05). Conclusions: These results indicate that the 3 different ankle positions affect the QF torque and EMG activity. In particular, AD position may be more efficient for improving QF strength than AP and NP position. Future studies should prove whether long-term duration QF isometric exercise effects muscle strength and functional performance in different ankle positions.

The Acute Effects of Fast-Paced Walking on Isometric Peak Torque and Rate of Torque Development in Regularly Exercising and Inactive Older Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ty B. Palmer ◽  
Jarrod Blinch ◽  
Ahalee C. Farrow ◽  
Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba ◽  
Ethan A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Isometric Knee Extension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inactive Group ◽  
Torque Development

This study aimed to examine the acute effects of fast-paced walking on isometric peak torque and rate of torque development (RTD) in regular exercising and inactive older women. Ten regular exercising (67 ± 4 years) and 10 inactive (68 ± 4 years) older women performed three isometric knee extension contractions before and after a control condition (quiet resting) and an experimental condition of fast-paced walking for 6 min. Peak torque and early (RTD100), late (RTD200), and maximum (peak RTD) RTD measurements were obtained from each contraction. Results showed no significant changes in peak torque, peak RTD, or RTD200 after walking for either group (p > .050). A significant decrease in RTD100 was observed after walking for the inactive group (p = .005) but not for the regular exercisers (p = .909). These findings highlight the importance of physical activity and suggest that a task as simple as walking may impair the rapid strength capacities of inactive older women.

Comparison of Force and Peak EMG during a Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction at Selected Angles in the Range of Motion for Knee Extension

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 976-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger M. Zabik ◽  
Mary L. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Motor Recruitment ◽  
Larger Sample

For 5 adults maximal isometric strength at 110°, 90°, 70°, 50°, and 30° of knee flexion for the vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis varied across angles but EMG responses were similar. That motor recruitment patterns were similar throughout the range of joint motion requires replication on a larger sample.

scholarly journals Peak Torque and Rate of Torque Development Influence on Repeated Maximal Exercise Performance: Contractile and Neural Contributions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0119719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Morel ◽  
David M. Rouffet ◽  
Damien Saboul ◽  
Samuel Rota ◽  
Michel Clémençon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Rate Of Torque Development ◽  
Torque Development
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document