Lower Limb Kinematic Coordination during the Running Motion of Stroke Patient: A Single Case Study

The purpose of this study was to clarify the lower limb joint motor coordination of para-athletes during running motion from frequency characteristics and to propose this as a method for evaluating their performance. The subject used was a 43-year-old male para-athlete who had suffered a left cerebral infarction. Using a three-dimensional motion analysis system, the angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joints were measured during 1 min of running at a speed of 8 km/h on a treadmill. Nine inter- and intra-limb joint angle pairs were analyzed by coherence and phase analyses. The main characteristic of the stroke patient was that there were joint pairs with absent or increased coherence peaks in the high-frequency band above 4 Hz that were not found in healthy subjects. Interestingly, these features were also observed on the non-paralyzed side. Furthermore, a phase analysis showed different phase differences between the joint motions of the stroke patient and healthy subjects in some joint pairs. Thus, we concluded there was a widespread functional impairment of joint motion in the stroke patient that has not been revealed by conventional methods. The coherence analysis of joint motion may be useful for identifying joint motion problems in para-athletes.

The role of 3D digital applications in Manual Therapy Education – A scoping review

Background: Currently, teaching methods for developing complex physical assessment and palpation skills in manual therapy is challenging for both learners and educators. 3D digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality may facilitate and/or address these challenges. However, their current usage and/or role in improving learning outcomes in manual therapy education is still largely unknown. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched from Jan 2005 to April 2021: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Science Direct and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers reviewed the articles retrieved from the databases to assess for eligibility. Studies of any methodology (quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods) that investigated the use or application of the 3D digital applications were included in the review. Primary outcomes included any outcome related to learning based on the updated Blooms taxonomy. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise data from the included studies.Results: A total of 4 articles were included in the final review. The main findings were classified into the following key concepts: (1) perception of tissue stiffness, (2) improved student self-efficacy in performing MT techniques, and (3) barriers and facilitators for utilizing 3D technologies. All included outcomes met understanding, applying, analysing and evaluating levels of Blooms taxonomy; however, no outcomes met the ‘creating’ level of Bloom’s taxonomy.Discussion: Our review found that there are no AR, VR or mixed applications that specifically serve the needs of MT education in relation to joint motion assessment, but applications are available that can be readily used or potentially adapted to train skills of tissue palpation. . Therefore, future studies are required to investigate the sophisticated requirements to teach/learn complex manual techniques for which palpation skills may be mandatory.

The Process of Interdependence

In both Chapters 2 and 3, biodynamic interfaces are treated as independent entities. That is obviously not the case—biodynamic interfaces are connected to each other and, as always, it is important to place time at the center of these connections. Chapter 4 shows that these connections are not like networks of roads that are static; instead, they are more like an ensemble of musicians who are constantly in motion and their joint motion (their music) creates a whole that has meaning. Chapter 4 also shows that our understanding of biodynamic interfaces is dependent on our temporal perspective. In other words, the picture we see depends on where and when we are.

Functional Hand-Based Splint in the Treatment of Metacarpal Fractures

Background: Post-treatment stiffness remains a significant hurdle following treatment for displaced or minimally displaced metacarpal fractures. Treatment goals should focus on a stable and acceptable reduction, minimal patient morbidity, and optimal mobility. Methods: A retrospective review of all non-operative metacarpal fractures over a five-month period at a tertiary center hand clinic treated with a hand-based splint were reviewed for radiologic and clinical stability. The splint allowed metacarpophalngeal joint, interphalangeal joint, and radiocarpal joint motion. Data collected included age, handedness, type and location of fracture, occupation, and ability to continue working. Radiologic images were reviewed by a radiologist not otherwise involved in patient care. Results: Thirty-three patients were reviewed with a total of 39 fractures of the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpals. Nine patients had nondominant hand fractures while 24 were dominant hand injuries. Twenty out of 24 patients employed pre-injury were able to continue working without missing any days. Three patients were lost to the final follow-up. The average splint duration was 24 days. Twenty-seven of 30 patients showed no change in alignment from start of splinting to end, while three showed some change but remained within non-operative criteria. Conclusion: A hand-based functional splint for metacarpal fractures allows for excellent maintenance of fracture reduction, early or immediate return to pre-injury activities, low patient morbidity, and maintains functional motion throughout treatment. It can be applied to any non-operative fracture of the second through the fifth metacarpal.

Development of multi-angle fiber array for accurate measurement of flexion and rotation in human joints

Herein, we have proposed a method that uses a highly stretchable and conductive fiber-based multi-angle fiber array, which precisely measures human joint motion in various degrees of freedom (flexion and rotation) at the shoulders, knees, and wrists in real time. By embedding conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) within spandex fibers of high elasticity and shape recovery ratio, we monitored joint motion stably without degrading the fiber’s conductivity even during repeated stretching and contraction of different lengths. The strain occurring in a specific direction was monitored using mapping images generated due to the change in resistance that occurred when 12 CNT-embedded spandex fibers arranged in radial lines at intervals of 15° were stretched or contracted by an external force. The proposed high-precision joint-monitoring technology measures human motion accurately and is applicable for use in wearable healthcare devices that require precise measurements.

GERAK SENDI PEMBELAJARAN PAKEM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA INGAT SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN SENDI MANUSIA

The purpose of this best practice is to find out how the implementation of the PAKEM approach to joint motion in improving the learning memory of class VIII A students of SMP Negeri 1 Anggaberi, Konawe Regency in the discussion of the types of human joints in the subject of Natural Sciences. The results of the learning activities indicate that the application of the Pakem learning approach with joint motion can improve the ability to remember the subject matter of the types of human joints in class VIII A students of SMP Negeri 1 Anggaberi. The results of the quiz on identifying the types of joints in humans before the application of the joint movement grip learning in previous learning activities showed the average percentage of ability to remember materials to identify materials only reached a value of 50%, still below the KKM value set for the types of joints in humans, and increased after learning activities that apply the gripping joint motion approach to the quiz results considering the material on identifying joints in humans, the percentage of analysis of quiz results reaches a value of 85%, above the KKM that has been set on the material for joint types in humans. ABSTRAKTujuan best practice ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi pendekatan PAKEM gerak sendi dalam meningkatkan daya ingat belajar siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Anggaberi Kabupaten Konawe pada pembahasan materi jenis-jenis sendi manusia, mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Hasil kegiatan pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan belajar Pakem dengan gerak sendi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengingat materi pelajaran jenis-jenis sendi manusia pada siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Anggaberi. Hasil kuis mengidentifikasi jenis sendi pada manusia sebelum penerapan pembelajaran Pakem gerak sendi pada kegiatan pembelajaran sebelumnya menunjukkan rata-rata persantase kemampuan mengingat materi mengidentifikasi materi hanya mencapai nilai 50%, masih di bawah nilai KKM yang ditetapakan pada jenis sendi pada manusia, dan mengalami peningkatan setelah kegiatan pembelajaran yang menerapkan pendekatan Pakem gerak sendi hasil kuis mengingat materi mengidentifikasi sendi pada manusia persentase analisis hasil kuis mencapai nilai 85%, di atas KKM yang telah ditetapkan pada materi jenis sendi pada manusia.

REHABILITATION OF PATIENT WITH TIBIA-FIBULA FRACTURE

An orthopedic surgeon may find compound fractures of tibia-fibula challenging to treat. The degree of joint motion and the adequacy of reduction are the two factors that determine whether or not these fractures can be treated successfully. In many patients, open surgical treatment of comminuted tibial pilon fractures is associated with significant complications. Indirect reduction and stabilization of fractures using a circular external fixator can be a useful way of achieving adequate joint restoration, and it uses closed reduction principles to realign disturbed bones and joint structures. In this report, we describe about the effects of early rehabilitation compound grade IIIB fracture tibia, fibula of right side. The patient co-operation and motivation to return to daily functional activities also prove to very crucial for the rehabilitation process. The defect in bone is usually a result of high velocity trauma or a sudden impact. In present case open reduction and external fixation for distal one-third of tibia and fibula on right side was carried out followed by the rehabilitation protocol. Outcome measure used to check for the pain was NPRS. The patient morale and goal-oriented rehabilitation protocol progressed him to return to his functional activities.