CO2 Conversion by Membrane Reactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 3124-3134
Author(s):  
Adele Brunetti ◽  
Enrica Fontananova
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactors ◽  
Critical Overview

Membrane reactors technology represents a promising tool for the CO2 capture and reuse by conversion to valuable products. After a preliminary presentation of the fundamentals of this technology, a critical overview of the last achievements and new perspectives in the CO2 conversion by membrane reactors is given, highlighting the still existing limitations for large scale applications. Among the low temperature (≤100 °C) membrane reactor for CO2 conversion, electrochemical membrane reactors and photocatalytic reactors, represent the two mainly pursued systems and they were discussed starting from selected case studies. Dry reforming of methane and CO2 hydrogenation to methanol were selected as interesting examples of high temperature (>100 °C) membrane based conversion of CO2 to energy bearing products.

scholarly journals Atomically dispersed nickel as coke-resistant active sites for methane dry reforming

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohcin Akri ◽  
Shu Zhao ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Ketao Zang ◽  
Adam F. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Poor Stability

AbstractDry reforming of methane (DRM) is an attractive route to utilize CO2 as a chemical feedstock with which to convert CH4 into valuable syngas and simultaneously mitigate both greenhouse gases. Ni-based DRM catalysts are promising due to their high activity and low cost, but suffer from poor stability due to coke formation which has hindered their commercialization. Herein, we report that atomically dispersed Ni single atoms, stabilized by interaction with Ce-doped hydroxyapatite, are highly active and coke-resistant catalytic sites for DRM. Experimental and computational studies reveal that isolated Ni atoms are intrinsically coke-resistant due to their unique ability to only activate the first C-H bond in CH4, thus avoiding methane deep decomposition into carbon. This discovery offers new opportunities to develop large-scale DRM processes using earth abundant catalysts.

CO2 conversion to synthesis gas via DRM on the durable Al2O3/Ni/Al2O3 sandwich catalyst with high activity and stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2781-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Yunqing Kang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hexing Li
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Co2 Conversion

CO2 conversion to synthesis gas with a CO/H2 molar ratio around 1 was realized by using the dry reforming of methane reaction (DRM) at 800 °C.

scholarly journals Smart Designs of Anti-Coking and Anti-Sintering Ni-Based Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane: A Recent Review

Reactions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-194
Author(s):  
Xingyuan Gao ◽  
Jangam Ashok ◽  
Sibudjing Kawi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Interfacial Engineering ◽  
Oxygen Defects

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction has drawn much interest due to the reduction of greenhouse gases and production of syngas. Coking and sintering have hindered the large-scale operations of Ni-based catalysts in DRM reactions at high temperatures. Smart designs of Ni-based catalysts are comprehensively summarized in fourth aspects: surface regulation, oxygen defects, interfacial engineering, and structural optimization. In each part, details of the designs and anti-deactivation mechanisms are elucidated, followed by a summary of the main points and the recommended strategies to improve the catalytic performance, energy efficiency, and utilization rate.

Simple and large-scale synthesis of β-phase molybdenum carbides as highly stable catalysts for dry reforming of methane

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Gao ◽  
Zhiwei Yao ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Renren Jia ◽  
Feixue Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Molybdenum Carbides ◽  
Catalytic Stability ◽  
Large Scale Synthesis

The catalytic stability of monometallic β-Mo2C/CNTs was found to be superior to that of bimetallic Ni/β-Mo2C under similar reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Towards Scaling-up Photocatalytic Process for Multiphase Environmental Applications: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gar Alalm ◽  
Ridha Djellabi ◽  
Daniela Meroni ◽  
Carlo Pirola ◽  
Claudia L. Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Photocatalytic Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactors ◽  
Practice Gaps ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Degradation Of Pollutants

Recently, we have witnessed a booming development of composites and multi-dopant metal oxides to be employed as novel photocatalysts. Yet the practical application of photocatalysis for environmental purposes is still elusive. Concerns about the unknown fate and toxicity of nanoparticles, unsatisfactory performance in real conditions, mass transfer limitations and durability issues have so far discouraged investments in full-scale applications of photocatalysis. Herein, we provide a critical overview of the main challenges that are limiting large-scale application of photocatalysis in air and water/wastewater purification. We then discuss the main approaches reported in the literature to tackle these shortcomings, such as the design of photocatalytic reactors that retain the photocatalyst, the study of degradation of micropollutants in different water matrices, and the development of gas-phase reactors with optimized contact time and irradiation. Furthermore, we provide a critical analysis of research-practice gaps such as treatment of real water and air samples, degradation of pollutants with actual environmental concentrations, photocatalyst deactivation, and cost and environmental life-cycle assessment.

Dry reforming of methane using Pd-based membrane reactors fabricated from different substrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 435 ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.R. García-García ◽  
M.A. Soria ◽  
C. Mateos-Pedrero ◽  
A. Guerrero-Ruiz ◽  
I. Rodríguez-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Membranes in Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Argurio ◽  
Enrica Fontananova ◽  
Raffaele Molinari ◽  
Enrico Drioli
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Critical Overview

The present work gives a critical overview of the recent progresses and new perspectives in the field of photocatalytic membranes (PMs) in photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs), thus highlighting the main advantages and the still existing limitations for large scale applications in the perspective of a sustainable growth. The classification of the PMRs is mainly based on the location of the photocatalyst with respect to the membranes and distinguished in: (i) PMRs with photocatalyst solubilized or suspended in solution and (ii) PMRs with photocatalyst immobilized in/on a membrane (i.e., a PM). The main factors affecting the two types of PMRs are deeply discussed. A multidisciplinary approach for the progress of research in PMs and PMRs is presented starting from selected case studies. A special attention is dedicated to PMRs employing dispersed TiO2 confined in the reactor by a membrane for wastewater treatment. Moreover, the design and development of efficient photocatalytic membranes by the heterogenization of polyoxometalates in/on polymeric membranes is discussed for applications in environmental friendly advanced oxidation processes and fine chemical synthesis.

Sinter-resistant Rh nanoparticles supported on γ-Al2O3 nanosheets as an efficient catalyst for dry reforming of methane

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (40) ◽  
pp. 20922-20932
Author(s):  
Shasha Chu ◽  
Zhengmiao Cai ◽  
Mingzhi Wang ◽  
Yanping Zheng ◽  
Yongke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Unique Surface

The unique surface structure of γ-Al2O3 nanosheets plays a key role in increasing the dispersion of Rh species in the catalyst and preventing it from sintering at high temperature under both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres.

scholarly journals Role of CeO2-ZrO2Support for Structural, Textural and Functional Properties of Ni-based Catalysts Active in Dry Reforming of Methane

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 02018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Adamski ◽  
Piotr Legutko ◽  
Katarzyna Dziadek ◽  
Ksenia Parkhomenko ◽  
Cyril Aymonier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Methane Reforming ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
High Temperature Reaction

Positive environmental and technological contexts make dry methane reforming (DMR) an extensively studied reaction. During this process two main greenhouse gases CH4and CO2can be simultaneously converted into syngas – a mixture of CO and H2. Supported-nickel is one of the most frequently applied DMR catalysts. Their activity depends mainly on Ni concentration, kind of its precursor and a deposition method. As DMR is a demanding high-temperature reaction, it requires not only an active but first a very stable catalyst. Structural, textural and functional properties of such support remain thus of crucial efficiency. Main aim of this work was to elucidate how the synthesis of CeO2-ZrO2support obtained by supercritical fluid method (i.e.at temperature of 400°C under a pressure of 25 MPa), can influence the properties of Ni-based DMR catalysts. The supports of various compositions (CeO2content from 100 to 0 %), subsequently calcined at 800°C for 6h in air have been analyzed. Nickel was deposited from nitrate(V) precursor via classical wet impregnation. The final catalysts have been characterized structurally (XRD, RS), texturally (BET, SEM) and functionally (UV/Vis-DR, XPS). Catalytic tests in dry methane reforming reaction have been performed to determine activity and stability of the synthesized samples.

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