scholarly journals Speed-accuracy tradeoffs for pursuit and saccades in a luminance discrimination task

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 171-171
Author(s):  
D. Liston ◽  
C.D. Carello ◽  
R.J. Krauzlis
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Luminance Discrimination ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Alcohol and Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. RUNDELL ◽  
HAROLD L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitch Discrimination ◽  
Alcohol Dose ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Accuracy Tradeoff ◽  
And Task

Performance on two auditory choice reaction time (RT) tasks was studied in a group of 12 subjects under the influence of graded doses of ethyl alcohol ranging from placebo to 1 g/kg body weight. Deadline procedures were employed in a side discrimination and a pitch discrimination task to permit the calculation of speed-accuracy tradeoff functions (accuracy versus RT). Accuracy declined as a function of dose, but alcohol did not significantly influence RT. Conversely, accuracy was not affected by task; but the pitch discrimination task required an average of 88 ms more time than the side task. Alcohol dose and task produced independent effects on the speed-accuracy tradeoff function. As dose increased, the slope of the tradeoff function declined; but slopes were equivalent for the two tasks. On the other hand, the x-intercept (where accuracy equals chance levels) was 90 ms greater for the pitch task than for the side task.

scholarly journals Qualitative speed-accuracy tradeoff effects that cannot be explained by the diffusion model under the selective influence assumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Rafiei ◽  
Dobromir Rahnev
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Drift Rate ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Perceptual Discrimination ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Selective Influence ◽  
Accuracy Tradeoff ◽  
Rt Distributions

It is often thought that the diffusion model explains all effects related to the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) but this has previously been examined with only a few SAT conditions or only a few subjects. Here we collected data from 20 subjects who performed a perceptual discrimination task with five different difficulty levels and five different SAT conditions (5,000 trials/subject). We found that the five SAT conditions produced robustly U-shaped curves for (i) the difference between error and correct response times (RTs), (ii) the ratio of the standard deviation and mean of the RT distributions, and (iii) the skewness of the RT distributions. Critically, the diffusion model where only drift rate varies with contrast and only boundary varies with SAT could not account for any of the three U-shaped curves. Further, allowing all parameters to vary across conditions revealed that both the SAT and difficulty manipulations resulted in substantial modulations in every model parameter, while still providing imperfect fits to the data. These findings demonstrate that the diffusion model cannot fully explain the effects of SAT and establishes three robust but challenging effects that models of SAT should account for.

scholarly journals An initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases the likelihood and speed of subsequent changes of mind

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Turner ◽  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Robert Hester ◽  
Stefan Bode
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Reverse Correlation ◽  
Stimulus Luminance ◽  
Evidence Accumulation ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Unresolved Question ◽  
New Information ◽  
Luminance Discrimination

AbstractWe often need to rapidly change our mind about perceptual decisions in order to account for new information and correct mistakes. One fundamental, unresolved question is whether information processed prior to a decision being made (‘pre-decisional information’) has any influence on the likelihood and speed with which that decision is reversed. We investigated this using a luminance discrimination task in which participants indicated which of two flickering greyscale squares was brightest. Following an initial decision, the stimuli briefly remained on screen, and participants could change their response. Using psychophysical reverse correlation, we examined how moment-to-moment fluctuations in stimulus luminance affected participants’ decisions. This revealed that the strength of even the very earliest (pre-decisional) evidence was associated with the likelihood and speed of later changes of mind. To account for this effect, we propose an extended diffusion model in which an initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases ongoing evidence accumulation.

scholarly journals Qualitative speed-accuracy tradeoff effects that cannot be explained by the diffusion model under the selective influence assumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Rafiei ◽  
Dobromir Rahnev
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Drift Rate ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Perceptual Discrimination ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Selective Influence ◽  
Accuracy Tradeoff ◽  
Rt Distributions

AbstractIt is often thought that the diffusion model explains all effects related to the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) but this has previously been examined with only a few SAT conditions or only a few subjects. Here we collected data from 20 subjects who performed a perceptual discrimination task with five different difficulty levels and five different SAT conditions (5000 trials/subject). We found that the five SAT conditions produced robustly U-shaped curves for (i) the difference between error and correct response times (RTs), (ii) the ratio of the standard deviation and mean of the RT distributions, and (iii) the skewness of the RT distributions. Critically, the diffusion model where only drift rate varies with contrast and only boundary varies with SAT could not account for any of the three U-shaped curves. Further, allowing all parameters to vary across conditions revealed that both the SAT and difficulty manipulations resulted in substantial modulations in every model parameter, while still providing imperfect fits to the data. These findings demonstrate that the diffusion model cannot fully explain the effects of SAT and establishes three robust but challenging effects that models of SAT should account for.

Contralateral Visual Hemifield Representations in the Human Pulvinar Nucleus

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 1600-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa L. Cotton ◽  
Andrew T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Global Motion ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Motion Discrimination ◽  
Visual Hemifield ◽  
Luminance Discrimination

The pulvinar is a major nucleus of the thalamus. Macaque pulvinar includes two subregions that are connected to the visual cortex and are retinotopically organized, but the organizing principles of the visual portions of the human pulvinar are unknown. We employed two tasks to address the question of whether human pulvinar exhibits spatial organization using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. The first was a global-motion discrimination with a rich visual stimulus and the second a luminance-discrimination task of similar difficulty that used a minimal visual stimulus. Both tasks required central fixation and covert peripheral attention. A group analysis of blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses elicited in the motion-discrimination task revealed activity bilaterally in the ventral pulvinar ( z = 2 in Talairach space). Clear position specificity was observed with activity elicited only by contralateral stimuli. Ipsilateral stimuli caused suppression. This locus of activity is distinct from the more dorsal ( z = 10) region of the pulvinar that has previously been reported to be visually responsive but not retinotopic. In the luminance-discrimination task, similar activity was seen, but it was weaker and detectable only in the left pulvinar. In additional experiments with no task, passively viewed global-motion stimuli also activated the ventral pulvinar bilaterally. Our results show for the first time a distinct, bilateral visual representation in human inferior pulvinar that appears to be contralaterally organized.

scholarly journals An initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases the likelihood and speed of subsequent changes of mind

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Turner ◽  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Robert Hester ◽  
Stefan Bode
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Reverse Correlation ◽  
Stimulus Luminance ◽  
Evidence Accumulation ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Unresolved Question ◽  
New Information ◽  
Luminance Discrimination

We often need to rapidly change our mind about perceptual decisions in order to account for new information and correct mistakes. One fundamental, unresolved question is whether information processed prior to a decision being made (‘pre-decisional information’) has any influence on the likelihood and speed with which that decision is reversed. We investigated this using a luminance discrimination task in which participants indicated which of two flickering greyscale squares was brightest. Following an initial decision, the stimuli briefly remained on screen, and participants could change their response. Using psychophysical reverse correlation, we examined how moment-to-moment fluctuations in stimulus luminance affected participants’ decisions. This revealed that the strength of even the very earliest (pre-decisional) evidence was associated with the likelihood and speed of later changes of mind. To account for this effect, we propose an extended diffusion model in which an initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases ongoing evidence accumulation.

scholarly journals An initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases the likelihood and speed of subsequent changes of mind

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. e1009738
Author(s):  
William Turner ◽  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Robert Hester ◽  
Stefan Bode
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Reverse Correlation ◽  
Stimulus Luminance ◽  
Evidence Accumulation ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Unresolved Question ◽  
New Information ◽  
Luminance Discrimination

We often need to rapidly change our mind about perceptual decisions in order to account for new information and correct mistakes. One fundamental, unresolved question is whether information processed prior to a decision being made (‘pre-decisional information’) has any influence on the likelihood and speed with which that decision is reversed. We investigated this using a luminance discrimination task in which participants indicated which of two flickering greyscale squares was brightest. Following an initial decision, the stimuli briefly remained on screen, and participants could change their response. Using psychophysical reverse correlation, we examined how moment-to-moment fluctuations in stimulus luminance affected participants’ decisions. This revealed that the strength of even the very earliest (pre-decisional) evidence was associated with the likelihood and speed of later changes of mind. To account for this effect, we propose an extended diffusion model in which an initial ‘snapshot’ of sensory information biases ongoing evidence accumulation.

scholarly journals Chronically implantable LED arrays for behavioral optogenetics in primates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Rajalingham ◽  
Michael Sorenson ◽  
Reza Azadi ◽  
Simon Bohn ◽  
James J DiCarlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
Visual Deficits ◽  
Light Delivery ◽  
Luminance Discrimination ◽  
Led Arrays

AbstractChallenges in behavioral optogenetics in large brains demand development of a chronically implantable platform for light delivery. We have developed Opto-Array, a chronically implantable array of LEDs for high-throughput optogenetic perturbation in non-human primates. We tested the Opto-Array in the primary visual cortex of a macaque monkey, and demonstrated that optogenetic cortical silencing by the Opto-Array results in reliable retinotopic visual deficits on a luminance discrimination task.

scholarly journals A systematic investigation of differences in perceptual decision-making as a function of the time and method of participant recruitment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Ballard ◽  
Gina Fisher ◽  
David K. Sewell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Standard Stimulus ◽  
Brightness Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Speed Accuracy

We examine the extent to which perceptual decision-making processes differ as a function of the time in the academic term in which the participant enrolls in the experiment and whether the participant is an undergraduate who completes the experiment for course credit, a paid participant who completes the experiment in the lab, or a paid participant recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk who completes the experiment online. In Study 1, we conducted a survey to examine cognitive psychologists' expectations regarding the quality of data obtained from these different groups of participants. We find that cognitive psychologists expect performance and response caution to be lowest among undergraduate participants who enroll at the end of the academic term, and highest among paid in-lab participants. Studies 2 and 3 tested these expectations using two common perceptual decision-making paradigms. Overall, we found little evidence for systematic time-of-term effects among undergraduate participants. The different participant groups responded to standard stimulus quality and speed/accuracy emphasis manipulations in similar ways. Among participants recruited via Mechanical Turk, the effect of speed/accuracy emphasis on response caution was strongest. This group also showed poorer discrimination performance than the other groups in a motion discrimination task, but not in a brightness discrimination task. We conclude that online crowdsourcing platforms can provide high quality perceptual decision-making data, but give recommendations for how data quality can be maximized when using these platforms for recruitment.

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