Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits and Photoreceptor Loss Detecting Global and Local Progression of Geographic Atrophy by SD-OCT Imaging

Purpose/Aim. The Ins2 (Akita) mouse is a spontaneous diabetic mouse model with a heterozygous mutation in the insulin 2 gene that results in sustained hyperglycemia. The purpose of the study was to assess global and local retinal layer thickness alterations in Akita mice by analysis of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images.Materials and Methods. SD-OCT imaging was performed in Akita and wild-type mice at 12 and 24 weeks of age. Inner retinal thickness (IRT), outer retinal thickness (ORT), total retinal thickness (TRT), and photoreceptor outer segment length (OSL) were measured. Mean global thickness values were compared between Akita and wild-type mice. Local thickness variations in Akita mice were assessed based on normative values in wild-type mice.Results. Akita mice had higher blood glucose levels and lower body weights (p<0.001). On average, IRT, ORT, and TRT were approximately 2% lower in Akita mice than in wild-type mice (p≤0.02). In Akita mice, the percent difference between retinal areas with thickness below and above normative values for IRT, ORT, and TRT was 22%, 32%, and 38%, respectively.Conclusions. These findings support the use of the Akita mouse model to study the retinal neurodegenerative effects of hyperglycemia.

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Persistent Hyper-Transmission Defects on En Face OCT Imaging as a Stand-Alone Precursor for the Future Formation of Geographic Atrophy

Ophthalmology Retina ◽

10.1016/j.oret.2021.02.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yingying Shi ◽

Jin Yang ◽

William Feuer ◽

Giovanni Gregori ◽

Philip J. Rosenfeld

Keyword(s):

Geographic Atrophy ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face ◽

The Future ◽

Oct Imaging

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Local Progression Kinetics of Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Are Associated With Atrophy Border Morphology

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.17-23203 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. AMD12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Moritz Lindner ◽

Sebastian Kosanetzky ◽

Maximilian Pfau ◽

Jennifer Nadal ◽

Lukas A. Gördt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Macular Degeneration ◽

Geographic Atrophy ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related ◽

Local Progression ◽

Kinetics Of

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Geographic Atrophy Segmentation for SD-OCT Images by MFO Algorithm and Affinity Diffusion

Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-67777-4_42 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 473-484

Author(s):

Yubo Huang ◽

Zexuan Ji ◽

Qiang Chen ◽

Sijie Niu

Keyword(s):

Geographic Atrophy ◽

Sd Oct

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Comparison of macular choroidal thickness in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome to normal control subjects with enhanced depth SD-OCT imaging

Journal of Current Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.joco.2017.06.009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 258-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sasan Moghimi ◽

Mehdi Mazloumi ◽

Mohammad Karim Johari ◽

Masoud Aghsaie Fard ◽

Rebecca Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Normal Control ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Oct Imaging ◽

Sd Oct

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SD-OCT Imaging of Idiopathic Macular Holes With Spontaneous Closure

Ophthalmic Surgery Lasers and Imaging ◽

10.3928/15428877-20120216-01 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Scupola ◽

Alessandra C. Tiberti ◽

Paola Sasso ◽

Alessandra Mastrocola ◽

Antonio Berarducci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spontaneous Closure ◽

Macular Holes ◽

Idiopathic Macular Holes ◽

Oct Imaging ◽

Sd Oct

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Origins of Ghost Drusen: A follow-up Analysis

Ophthalmology Point of Care ◽

10.5301/oapoc.0000011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. oapoc.0000011

Author(s):

Caroline Bottin ◽

Olivia Zambrowski ◽

Giuseppe Querques ◽

Salomon Yves Cohen ◽

Mayer Srour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Geographic Atrophy ◽

Primary Lesion ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related ◽

Soft Drusen ◽

Initial Lesions ◽

Sd Oct

Purpose Ghost drusen (GD) are pyramidal or dome-shaped retinal pigment epithelium elevations observed in some geographic atrophy (GA) areas in the context of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose was to investigate the first morphologic features preceding GD on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) on patients with GA associated with AMD. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed on a series of patients with GA that had at least 3 years of follow-up. Using the follow-up tool of SD-OCT, we tracked the initial lesions that could lead to GD. Results Among 442 patients with GA, 37 had well defined GD (8%). We included the 17/37 patients (31 eyes) with at least 3 years of follow-up for analysis, which led to a total of 582 counted GD. Most GD were already present at the first visit, and remained stable. However, on 13 of the 582 analyzed GD (2.2%), soft drusen were shown as the initial lesion, which progressively turned into GD. Conclusions GD were observed in less than 10% of eyes with GA. None of the ghost drusen turned into another shaped lesion, suggesting that GD is a possible final stage of evolution. In a few cases, large drusen were shown as the primary lesion that progressed into GD.

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Early Detection of Incipient Retinal Pigment Epithelium Atrophy Overlying Drusen with Fundus Autofluorescence vs. Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/9457457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anabel Rodríguez ◽

Marc Biarnés ◽

Rosa M. Coco-Martin ◽

Anna Sala-Puigdollers ◽

Jordi Monés

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽

Median Time ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Fundus Autofluorescence ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Geographic Atrophy ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Rpe Atrophy ◽

Sd Oct

Purpose. This study aims to find out which tool, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) or spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), is more sensitive in detecting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) demise overlying drusen and can, therefore, help predict geographic atrophy (GA) appearance in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Methods. A single-site, retrospective, observational, longitudinal study was conducted. Patients with intermediate AMD (iAMD) (large (>125 μm) or intermediate (63–125 μm) drusen with hyper/hypopigmentation) with a minimum follow-up of 18 months were included. Drusen with overlying incipient RPE atrophy were identified on SD-OCT defined as choroidal hypertransmission or nascent geographic atrophy (nGA). These selected drusen were, then, traced backwards in time to determine if incipient RPE atrophy overlying drusen was observed on FAF (well-demarcated region of absence of autofluorescence) before, simultaneously, or after having detected the first signs of incipient RPE atrophy on SD-OCT. The number of drusen in which signs of incipient RPE atrophy was detected earlier using FAF or SD-OCT was compared. The time elapsed from the identification with the more sensitive method to the other was recorded and analyzed. Results. One hundred and thirty-three drusen in 22 eyes of 22 patients were included. Of these, 112 (84.2%) drusen showed choroidal hypertransmission and 21(15.8%) nGA. Early signs of atrophy overlying drusen were found simultaneously on SD-OCT and FAF in 52 cases (39.1%, 95% CI 30.8–47.9%), earliest on FAF in 51 (38.3%, 95% CI 30.0–47.2%) and first on SD-OCT in 30 (22.6%, 95% CI 15.8–30.6%; p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between both techniques (p=0.005), with FAF detecting it earlier than SD-OCT. When RPE atrophy was found first on FAF, the median time to diagnosis with SD-OCT was 6.6 months (95% CI 5.5 to 8.6), while if detection occurred earlier on SD-OCT, the median time until identification with FAF was 12.6 months (95% CI 6.0 to 23.4; p=0.0003). Conclusions. In iAMD cases in which early atrophy overlying drusen is not detected simultaneously in FAF and SD-OCT, FAF was significantly more sensitive. Nevertheless, a multimodal approach is recommended and required to evaluate these patients.

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