scholarly journals Last Glacial Maximum East Asian Monsoon: Results of PMIP Simulations

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 5030-5038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dabang Jiang ◽  
Xianmei Lang
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Glacial Periods

Abstract During glacial periods, the East Asian monsoon is typically thought to have been stronger in boreal winters and weaker in boreal summers. It is unclear, however, whether this view is true at larger scales and to what extent the East Asian monsoon responds to glacial conditions as a whole. Using all experiments conducted as part of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP), this paper examines East Asian monsoon climatology during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), around 21 000 calendar years ago. In contrast to conclusions drawn from sparse proxy data, the intensity of the East Asian winter (December–February) monsoon (EAWM) during the LGM, as measured by regionally averaged meridional wind speed at 850 hPa, was found to vary both in sign and magnitude, with reference to baseline climate, across the PMIP simulations. It strengthened in 10 out of the 21 models but weakened in the remaining 11 models, with an average weakening of 4% for the 21-model ensemble mean (15% for the ensemble mean of the 14 models with computed sea surface temperatures). At the subregional scale, the LGM EAWM strengthened north of about 30°N but weakened south of this region in East Asia, which can be explained by changes in surface temperature. On the other hand, all of the 14 models chosen in this study consistently simulated a weaker than baseline East Asian summer (June–August) monsoon during the LGM, with an average weakening of 25%.

scholarly journals Mid-Pliocene East Asian monsoon climate simulated in the PlioMIP

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2085-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zhang ◽  
Q. Yan ◽  
Z. S. Zhang ◽  
D. Jiang ◽  
B. L. Otto-Bliesner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
Future Work

Abstract. Based on simulations with 15 climate models in the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), the regional climate of East Asia (focusing on China) during the mid-Pliocene is investigated in this study. Compared to the pre-industrial, the multi-model ensemble mean (MMM) of all models shows the East Asian summer winds (EASWs) largely strengthen in monsoon China, and the East Asian winter winds (EAWWs) strengthen in south monsoon China but slightly weaken in north monsoon China in the mid-Pliocene. The MMM of all models also illustrates a warmer and wetter mid-Pliocene climate in China. The simulated weakened mid-Pliocene EAWWs in north monsoon China and intensified EASWs in monsoon China agree well with geological reconstructions. However, there is a large model–model discrepancy in simulating mid-Pliocene EAWW, which should be further addressed in the future work of PlioMIP.

scholarly journals East Asian monsoon climate simulated in the PlioMIP

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1135-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zhang ◽  
Q. Yan ◽  
Z. S. Zhang ◽  
D. Jiang ◽  
B. L. Otto-Bliesner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
Future Work

Abstract. Based on the simulations with fifteen climate models in the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), the regional climate of East Asia (focusing on China) during the mid-Pliocene is investigated in this study. Compared to the pre-industrial, the multi-model ensemble mean (MMM) of all models shows the East Asian summer wind (EASW) largely strengthens in monsoon China, and the East Asian winter wind (EAWW) strengthens in south monsoon China but slightly weakens in north monsoon China in mid-Pliocene. The MMM of all models also illustrates a warmer and wetter mid-Pliocene climate in China. The simulated weakened mid-Pliocene EAWW in north monsoon China and intensified EASW in monsoon China agree well with geological reconstructions. However, the model-model discrepancy in simulating mid-Pliocene East Asian monsoon climate, in particular EAWW, should be further addressed in the future work of PlioMIP.

scholarly journals Centennial to millennial climate variability in the far northwestern Pacific (off Kamchatka) and its linkage to East Asian monsoon and North Atlantic from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Early Holocene

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Gorbarenko ◽  
Xuefa Shi ◽  
Min-Te Chen ◽  
Galina Yu. Malakhova ◽  
Aleksandr A. Bosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. High resolution reconstructions based on productivity proxies and magnetic properties measured from sediment core 41-2 (off Kamchatka), reveal prevailing centennial-millennial productivity/climate variability in the northwestern (NW) Pacific from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the Early Holocene (EH). The core age model is established by AMS 14C dating using foraminifer shells from the core and by correlating the productivity cycles and relative paleomagnetic intensity records with those of well-dated nearby core, SO-201-12KL. Our results show a pronounced feature of centennial-millennial productivity/climate cycles of the NW Pacific had occurred synchronicity with the summer East Asian Monsoon (EAM) at sub-interstadial scale during the LGM (3 cycles), Heinrich Event 1(3 cycles), and Bølling/Allerød warming (4 cycles), and over the EH (3 cycles). Our comparison of the centennial-millennial variability to the Antarctic EDML (EPICA Dronning Maud Land) ice core suggests a “push” effect of Southern hemisphere temperature gradients on the summer EAM intensifications. Besides the linkages of NW Pacific high productivity and summer EAM, we observed that five low productivity cycles during EH are nearly synchronous with cooling in Greenland, weakening of the summer EAM, and decreases in solar irradiance. We propose that such centennial-millennial productivity/climate variability in the NW Pacific and sequence of sub-stadial/interstadials in the EAM from the LGM to EH are a persistent regional features, synchronous with the Greenland/North Atlantic short-term changes. We speculate that such climate synchronicity was forced also by changes in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation coupled with Intertropical Convergence Zone shifting and the northern westerly jets reorganization.

scholarly journals Ice-sheet mass balance during the last glacial maximum

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Ramstein ◽  
Adeline Fabre ◽  
Sophie Pinot ◽  
Catherine Ritz ◽  
Sylvie Joussaume
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

In the framework of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP), simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) have- been performed. More than 10 different atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) have been used with the same boundary conditions: sea-surface temperatures prescribed by CLIMAP (1981), ice-sheet reconstruction provided by Peltier (1994), change in insolation, and reduced CO2 content. One of the major questions is to investigate whether the simulations of the LGM are in equilibrium with the prescribed ice-sheet reconstruction. To answer this question, we have used two different approaches. First, we analyze the results of a sel of LGM simulations performed with different versions of the Laboratoire de Meteorolo-gie Dynamique (LMD) AGCM and study the hydrologic and snow- budgets over the Laurcntide and Fennoscandian ice sheets. Second, we use the AGCM outputs to force an ice-sheet model in order to investigate its ability to maintain the ice sheets as reconstructed by CLIMAP (1981) or Peltier (1994).

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