Pitfalls of SPECT Studies of Acute Ethanol-Induced Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow

The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of Nitric Oxide synthase (NOS)-inhibition (L-NMMA) on the diameter of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Furthermore, to assess the effect of L-NMMA on acetazolamide induced increases in MCA blood velocity (Vmean) and rCBF. In an open crossover design 12 healthy subjects attended the laboratory twice. The first day 6 mg/kg L-LNMMA i.v. over 15 min preceded 1 g acetazolamide iv over 5 min. Eight days later only acetazolamide was given. Vmean in MCA was determined with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and rCBF with Xe-133 inhalation SPECT at baseline, after L-NMMA and 25 and 55 min after acetazolamide infusion. After L-NMMA the decrease in rCBFMCA was 6.8% (± 7.4) ( P < 0.019, n = 12), whereas Vmean was not affected ( P = 0.83, n = 8). The change in MCA diameter was estimated to -1.3% ( P = 0.44, n = 8). L-NMMA did not affect acetazolamide increases in Vmean ( P = 0.67, n = 8) nor rCBF ( P = 0.29, n = 12). The percentage increase of Vmean was 1.5 times that of rCBF ( n = 8). Our data suggest that the basal tone of human cerebral arterioles but not of conduit arteries is NO-dependent. The action of acetazolamide in man is not NO-dependent.

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Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolic Rate in the Conscious, Freely Moving Rat: The Effects of Hypercapnia, and Acute Ethanol Administration

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1111/j.1530-0277.1991.tb00597.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 766-770 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Laszlo Ligeti ◽

Kirk Hines ◽

Eors Dora ◽

Teresa Sinnwell ◽

Ming-Tau Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Metabolic Rate ◽

Ethanol Administration ◽

Acute Ethanol ◽

Freely Moving

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The Study of Electroacupuncture on Cerebral Blood Flow in Rats With and Without Cerebral Ischemia

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x06003886 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (02) ◽

pp. 351-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ching-Liang Hsieh ◽

Qwang-Yuen Chang ◽

I-hsin Lin ◽

Jaung-Geng Lin ◽

Chung-Hsiang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Calcitonin Gene ◽

Cerebral Ischemic ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Common Carotid Arteries

Electroacupuncture (EA) is widely used to treat disorders of the nervous system, such as stroke. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of EA on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in cerebral ischemic rats. We developed an animal model of cerebral ischemia (CI) by occluding the blood flow of both common carotid arteries in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats; 2 or 15 Hz EA was applied to both Zusanli acupoints. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the peripheral blood and amounts of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the cerebral cortex and thalamus were measured. In addition, L-N (G)-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was used to measure the changes in CBF induced by EA in rats with and without CI. The results indicated that both 2 and 15 Hz EA increase the mean CBF in rats with and without CI. However, neither 2 nor 15 Hz EA induced changes in levels of NO in peripheral blood or changes in CGRP levels in cerebral cortex and thalamus. In addition, L-NAME did not change the increase in CBF. We concluded that both 2 and 15 Hz EA at both Zusanli acupoints induced the increase of CBF in rats with and without CI. Whether the effect of EA is related to NO or CGRP will be investigated in a future study.

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Computer-based quantification of traditional Chinese-, ear- and Korean hand acupuncture: Needle-induced changes of regional cerebral blood flow velocity

Neurological Research ◽

10.1179/016164102101200177 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 377-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Gerhard Litscher

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Acupuncture Needle ◽

Computer Based ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Korean Hand Acupuncture

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Time-Dependent Effects of Acute Ethanol Administration on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in the Rat

Alcohol ◽

10.1016/s0741-8329(98)00005-6 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 213-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David Lyons ◽

Mack D. Miller ◽

Ashlee A. Hedgecock-Rowe ◽

Alison M. Crane ◽

Linda J. Porrino

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Ethanol Administration ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Acute Ethanol

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Effects of route of administration on oxytocin-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow in humans

10.1101/563056 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. A. Martins ◽

N. Mazibuko ◽

F. Zelaya ◽

S. Vasilakopoulou ◽

J. Loveridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Intranasal Route ◽

Brain Physiology ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Robust Evidence

ABSTRACTCould nose-to-brain pathways mediate the effects of peptides such as oxytocin (OT) on brain physiology when delivered intranasally? We address this question by contrasting two methods of intranasal administration (a standard nasal spray, and a nebulizer expected to improve OT deposition in nasal areas putatively involved in direct nose-to-brain transport) to intravenous administration in terms of effects on regional cerebral blood flow during two hours post-dosing. We demonstrate that OT-induced decreases in amygdala perfusion, a key hub of the OT central circuitry, are explained entirely by OT increases in systemic circulation following both intranasal and intravenous OT administration. Yet we also provide robust evidence confirming the validity of the intranasal route to target specific brain regions. Our work has important translational implications and demonstrates the need to carefully consider the method of administration in our efforts to engage specific central oxytocinergic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

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