Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolic Rate in the Conscious, Freely Moving Rat: The Effects of Hypercapnia, and Acute Ethanol Administration

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Ligeti ◽  
Kirk Hines ◽  
Eors Dora ◽  
Teresa Sinnwell ◽  
Ming-Tau Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Acute Ethanol ◽  
Freely Moving

Time-Dependent Effects of Acute Ethanol Administration on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in the Rat

Alcohol ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lyons ◽  
Mack D. Miller ◽  
Ashlee A. Hedgecock-Rowe ◽  
Alison M. Crane ◽  
Linda J. Porrino
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Acute Ethanol

scholarly journals Effects of Acetazolamide on Cerebral Blood Flow, Blood Volume, and Oxygen Metabolism: A Positron Emission Tomography Study with Healthy Volunteers

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1472-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiko Okazawa ◽  
Hiroshi Yamauchi ◽  
Kanji Sugimoto ◽  
Hiroshi Toyoda ◽  
Yoshihiko Kishibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume

To evaluate changes in cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism induced by acetazolamide in healthy subjects, positron emission tomography studies for measurement of cerebral perfusion and oxygen consumption were performed. Sixteen healthy volunteers underwent positron emission tomography studies with15O-gas and water before and after intravenous administration of acetazolamide. Dynamic positron emission tomography data were acquired after bolus injection of H215O and bolus inhalation of15O2. Cerebral blood flow, metabolic rate of oxygen, and arterial-to-capillary blood volume images were calculated using the three-weighted integral method. The images of cerebral blood volume were calculated using the bolus inhalation technique of C15O. The scans for cerebral blood flow and volume and metabolic rate of oxygen after acetazolamide challenge were performed at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after drug injection. The parametric images obtained under the two conditions at baseline and after acetazolamide administration were compared. The global and regional values for cerebral blood flow and volume and arterial-to-capillary blood volume increased significantly after acetazolamide administration compared with the baseline condition, whereas no difference in metabolic rate of oxygen was observed. Acetazolamide-induced increases in both blood flow and volume in the normal brain occurred as a vasodilatory reaction of functioning vessels. The increase in arterial-to-capillary blood volume made the major contribution to the cerebral blood volume increase, indicating that the raise in cerebral blood flow during the acetazolamide challenge is closely related to arterial-to-capillary vasomotor responsiveness.

Vasopressin and prostanoid mechanisms in control of cerebral blood flow in hypotensive newborn pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. H408-H413 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Armstead ◽  
C. W. Leffler ◽  
D. W. Busija ◽  
R. Mirro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cerebral Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cerebral Vasoconstriction ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Cerebral Vascular Resistance ◽  
Cerebral Vascular

The interaction between vasopressinergic and prostanoid mechanisms in the control of cerebral hemodynamics in the conscious hypotensive newborn pig was investigated. Indomethacin treatment (5 mg/kg) of hypotensive piglets caused a significant decrease in blood flow to all brain regions within 20 min. This decrease in cerebral blood flow resulted from increased cerebral vascular resistances of 52 and 198% 20 and 40 min after treatment, respectively. Cerebral oxygen consumption was reduced from 2.58 +/- 0.32 ml.100 g-1.min-1 to 1.01 +/- 0.12 and 0.29 +/- 0.08 ml.100 g-1.min-1 20 and 40 min after indomethacin, respectively, in hemorrhaged piglets. Treatment with the putative vascular (V1) receptor antagonist [1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]arginine vasopressin (MEAVP) had no effect on regional cerebral blood flow, calculated cerebral vascular resistance, or cerebral metabolic rate either before or during hemorrhagic hypotension. However, decreases in cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate and increases in vascular resistance on treatment with indomethacin were blunted markedly in animals treated with MEAVP. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the prostanoid system contributes to the maintenance of cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate during hypotension in the newborn pig, as reported previously, and implicate removal of vasopressinergic modulation by prostanoids as a potential mechanism for indomethacin-induced cerebral vasoconstriction in hypotensive newborn piglets.

Cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and amino acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Lying-Tunell ◽  
B. S. Lindblad ◽  
H. O. Malmlund ◽  
B. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ketone Bodies

Pitfalls of SPECT Studies of Acute Ethanol-Induced Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow

1995 ◽  
Vol 152 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. SCHLAEPFER ◽  
GODFREY D. PEARLSON
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Acute Ethanol ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Postnatal Changes in Local Cerebral Blood Flow Measured by the Quantitative Autoradiographic [14C]Iodoantipyrine Technique in Freely Moving Rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Nehlig ◽  
Anne Pereira de Vasconcelos ◽  
Sylvette Boyet
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Local Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Freely Moving Rats ◽  
Freely Moving

The postnatal changes in local cerebral blood flow in freely moving rats were measured by means of the quantitative autoradiographic [14C]iodoantipyrine method. The animals were studied at 10, 14, 17, 21, and 35 days and at the adult stage. At 10 days after birth, rates of blood flow were very low and quite homogeneous in most cerebral structures except in a few posterior areas. From these relatively uniform levels, values of local cerebral blood flow rose notably to reach a peak at 17 days in all brain regions studied. Rates of blood flow decreased between 17 and 21 days after birth and then increased from weaning time to reach the known characteristic distribution of the adult rat. The postnatal evolution of local cerebral blood flow in the rat is in good agreement with previous studies in other species such as dog and humans that also show higher rates of cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization at immature stages. However, in the rat, local cerebral blood flow and local cerebral glucose utilization are not coupled over the whole postnatal period studied, since blood flow rates reach peak values at 17 days whereas glucose utilization remains still quite low at that stage. The high rate of cerebral blood flow in the 17-day-old rat may reflect the energetic and biosynthetic needs of the actively developing brain that are completed by the summation of glucose and ketone body utilization.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Model of Oxygen Delivery and Metabolism for Physiologic Interpretation of Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolic Rate of Oxygen

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1314-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Hayashi ◽  
Hiroshi Watabe ◽  
Nobuyuki Kudomi ◽  
Kyeong Min Kim ◽  
Jun-Ichiro Enmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Oxygen Extraction Fraction ◽  
Biologic Response ◽  
Quantitative Neuroimaging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Active Change

The coupling of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) during physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions remains the subject of debate. In the present study, we have developed a theoretical model for oxygen delivery and metabolism, which describes the diffusion of oxygen at the capillary-tissue interface and the nonlinear nature of hemoglobin (Hb) affinity to oxygen, allowing a variation in simple-capillary oxygen diffusibility, termed “effective oxygen diffusibility (EOD).” The model was used to simulate the relationship between CBF and CMRO2, as well as oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), when various pathophysiologic conditions were assumed involving functional activation, ischemia, hypoxia, anemia, or hypo- and hyper-capnic CBF variations. The simulations revealed that, to maintain CMRO2 constant, a variation in CBF and Hb required active change in EOD. In contrast, unless the EOD change took place, the brain allowed small but significant nonlinear change in CMRO2 directly dependent upon oxygen delivery. Application of the present model to quantitative neuroimaging of CBF and CMRO2 enables us to evaluate the biologic response at capillary level other than Hb- and flow-dependent properties of oxygen transport and may give us another insight regarding the physiologic control of oxygen delivery in the human brain.

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