The Effect of Age and Other Atherosclerotic Risk Factors on Carotid Artery Blood Velocity in Individuals Ranging from Young Adults to Centenarians

Angiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoki Homma ◽  
Gregory D. Sloop ◽  
Arthur W. Zieske
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Very Elderly ◽  
Effect Of Age

To evaluate the effect of age and other risk factors for atherosclerosis on arterial blood velocity, carotid arteries in 179 healthy individuals ranging from 21 to 102 years old were examined using color Doppler ultrasonography. Velocity in common and internal carotid arteries decreased consecutively from young adults to very elderly people except for peak internal carotid artery velocity. Peak common carotid artery velocity in the elderly (≥ 65 years old) people was inversely associated with age and diastolic blood pressure and directly associated with pulse pressure. Minimum velocity of common carotid artery was inversely correlated with age and diastolic blood pressure in the elderly people. In elderly group, peak internal carotid artery velocity correlated only with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Minimum internal carotid artery velocity correlated inversely with systolic blood pressure in adults and diastolic blood pressure in elderly people. Blood velocity in the very elderly population approaches the critical level for thrombogenesis.

Feasibility, safety, and changes in systolic blood pressure associated with endovascular revascularization of symptomatic and chronically occluded cervical internal carotid artery using a newly suggested radiographic classification of chronically occluded cervical internal carotid artery: pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 1468-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hasan ◽  
Mario Zanaty ◽  
Robert M. Starke ◽  
Elias Atallah ◽  
Nohra Chalouhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Type B ◽  
Type D ◽  
Type C ◽  
Radiographic Classification

OBJECTIVEThe overall risk of ischemic stroke from a chronically occluded internal carotid artery (COICA) is around 5%–7% per year despite receiving the best available medical therapy. Here, authors propose a radiographic classification of COICA that can be used as a guide to determine the technical success and safety of endovascular recanalization for symptomatic COICA and to assess the changes in systemic blood pressure following successful revascularization.METHODSThe radiographic images of 100 consecutive subjects with COICA were analyzed. A new classification of COICA was proposed based on the morphology, location of occlusion, and presence or absence of reconstitution of the distal ICA. The classification was used to predict successful revascularization in 32 symptomatic COICAs in 31 patients, five of whom were female (5/31 [16.13%]). Patients were included in the study if they had a COICA with ischemic symptoms refractory to medical therapy. Carotid artery occlusion was defined as 100% cross-sectional occlusion of the vessel lumen as documented on CTA or MRA and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography.RESULTSFour types (A–D) of radiographic COICA were identified. Types A and B were more amenable to safe revascularization than types C and D. Recanalization was successful at a rate of 68.75% (22/32 COICAs; type A: 8/8; type B: 8/8; type C: 4/8; type D: 2/8). The perioperative complication rate was 18.75% (6/32; type A: 0/8 [0%]; type B: 1/8 [12.50%]; type C: 3/8 [37.50%], type D: 2/8 [25.00%]). None of these complications led to permanent morbidity or death. Twenty (64.52%) of 31 subjects had improvement in their symptoms at the 2–6 months’ follow-up. A statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was noted in 17/21 (80.95%) patients who had successful revascularization, which persisted on follow-up (p = 0.0001). The remaining 10 subjects in whom revascularization failed had no significant changes in SBP (p = 0.73).CONCLUSIONSThe pilot study suggested that our proposed classification of COICA may be useful as an adjunctive guide to determine the technical feasibility and safety of revascularization for symptomatic COICA using endovascular techniques. Additionally, successful revascularization may lead to a significant decrease in SBP postprocedure. A Phase 2b trial in larger cohorts to assess the efficacy of endovascular revascularization using our COICA classification is warranted.

scholarly journals Risk factors for neurological worsening and symptomatic watershed infarction in internal carotid artery aneurysm treated by extracranial-intracranial bypass using radial artery graft

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Matsukawa ◽  
Rokuya Tanikawa ◽  
Hiroyasu Kamiyama ◽  
Toshiyuki Tsuboi ◽  
Kosumo Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Hospital Visit ◽  
Perforating Artery ◽  
Watershed Infarction

OBJECT The revascularization technique, including bypass created using the external carotid artery (ECA), radial artery (RA), and M2 portion of middle cerebral artery (MCA), has remained indispensable for treatment of complex aneurysms. To date, it remains unknown whether diameters of the RA, superficial temporal artery (STA), and C2 portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and intraoperative MCA blood pressure have influences on the outcome and the symptomatic watershed infarction (WI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors for the symptomatic WI and neurological worsening in patients treated by ECA-RA-M2 bypass for complex ICA aneurysm with therapeutic ICA occlusion. METHODS The authors measured the sizes of vessels (RA, C2, M2, and STA) and intraoperative MCA blood pressure (initial, after ICA occlusion, and after releasing the RA graft bypass) in 37 patients. Symptomatic WI was defined as presence of the following: postoperative new neurological deficits, WI on postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging, and ipsilateral cerebral blood flow reduction on SPECT. Neurological worsening was defined as the increase in 1 or more modified Rankin Scale scores. First, the authors performed receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for continuous variables and the binary end point of the symptomatic WI. The clinical, radiological, and physiological characteristics of patients with and without the symptomatic WI were compared using the log-rank test. Then, the authors compared the variables between patients with and without neurological worsening at discharge and at the 12-month follow-up examination or last hospital visit. RESULTS Symptomatic WI was observed in 2 (5.4%) patients. The mean MCA pressure after releasing the RA graft (< 55 mm Hg; p = 0.017), mean (MCA pressure after releasing the RA graft)/(initial MCA pressure) (< 0.70 mm Hg; p = 0.032), and mean cross-sectional area ratio ([RA/C2 diameter]2 < 0.40 mm [p < 0.0001] and [STA/C2 diameter]2 < 0.044 mm [p < 0.0001]) were related to the symptomatic WI. All preoperatively independent patients remained independent (modified Rankin Scale score < 3). After adjusting for age and sex, left operative side (p = 0.0090 and 0.038) and perforating artery ischemia (p = 0.0050 and 0.022) were related to neurological worsening at discharge (11 [29%] patients) and at the 12-month follow-up or last hospital visit (8 [22%] patients). CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study showed that the vessel diameter and intraoperative MCA pressure had impacts on the symptomatic WI and that operative side and perforating artery ischemia were related to neurological worsening in patients with complex ICA aneurysms treated by ECA-RA-M2 bypass.

Effect of Ligation on Internal Carotid Artery Blood Pressure in Horses

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID E. FREEMAN ◽  
WILLIAM J. DONA WICK ◽  
LIN V. KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid

The Impact of Systemic Vasoconstrictors on the Cerebral Circulation of Anesthetized Patients 

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan P. Strebel ◽  
Christoph Kindler ◽  
Bruno Bissonnette ◽  
Gabriela Tschaler ◽  
Dubravka Deanovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Arterial Blood

Unlabelled BACKGROUND. The effect of vasoconstrictors on intracerebral hemodynamics in anesthetized patients is controversial. The influence of phenylephrine and norepinephrine on the cerebral circulation was investigated in isoflurane- or propofol-anesthetized patients using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Methods Forty patients were randomly assigned to have vasoconstrictor tests with norepinephrine or phenylephrine during either isoflurane or propofol anesthesia. Blood flow velocities were simultaneously measured in the middle cerebral artery and ipsilateral extracranial internal carotid artery. Baseline recordings were done during stable anesthesia in a supine position (test 0). A second series of measurements were performed after norepinephrine or phenylephrine had increased mean arterial blood pressure by about 20% (test 1). With maintained norepinephrine or phenylephrine infusion, a final series of results were obtained after the increased mean arterial blood pressure was counteracted by a slightly head-up patient position (test 2). Results Both vasoconstrictors significantly increased mean flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery (norepinephrine: 43 +/- 11 cm/s to 49 +/- 11 cm/s; phenylephrine: 43 +/- 8 cm/s to 48 +/- 9 cm/s; +/- SD) and internal carotid artery (norepinephrine: 27 +/- 7 cm/s to 31 +/- 8 cm/s; phenylephrine: 27 +/- 9 cm/s to 31 +/- 10 cm/s) in the isoflurane-but not in the propofol-anesthetized patients. In the head-up position, only small and insignificant flow velocity changes were observed in both cerebral arteries independent of the vasoconstrictor or background anesthetic. Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that norepinephrine and phenylephrine do not directly affect intracranial hemodynamics in anesthetized patients, but rather that hemodynamic changes observed with vasoconstrictors reflect the effect of the background anesthetic agents on cerebral pressure autoregulation.

A novel non-invasive method for estimating the local wave speed at a single site in the internal carotid artery

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Ayadi ◽  
Wassila Sahtout ◽  
Olivier Baledent
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Velocity Waveform ◽  
Local Wave ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractObjectivesLocal wave speed is a biomarker which provides an objective analysis of the cardiovascular function. The aim of this study was to determine the local wave speed in the internal carotid artery by a new non-invasive method that measures blood velocity waveform at only one site.MethodsFor this purpose, the cepstral analysis was employed to determine the arrival time of the reflection wave and the wave speed in the carotid artery. To validate our model, we applied it experimentally in vivo on young and old healthy subjects. The blood velocity waveform was measured by using phase-contrast magnetic resonance for 22 subjects.ResultsOur experimental results correlated with reference values reported in previous studies conducted on the internal arterial carotid usually adopting the invasive method. They also correlated with those obtained by using the foot-to-foot method (R2=0.72). The wave speed obtained by the method developed in this study and that of the foot-to-foot method increased with age (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe method developed in this study can be applied in the other arteries and it can also be used with other techniques such as ultrasound imaging.

scholarly journals Saturated Fat Intake with Blood Pressure in Elderly Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Nida Amalia ◽  
A'immatul Fauziyah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

The population of the elderly people is increasing from time to time and there is a change in the diseases pattern from infectious diseases to degenerative diseases. One of degenerative diseases that frequently occur in the elderly people is an increased blood pressure or hypertension. This study aims to determine the relationship between saturated fat intake and blood pressure in elderly women. This type of research was quantitative using a cross sectional approach. Samples were taken with a total sampling technique of 40 subjects. Processing data was using The Pearson correlation test. Based on the results of the analysis test, there was no relations between saturated fat intake with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p-value=0,183 and 0,333). This was because many factors affect blood pressure. The conclusion of this study was that there was no relationship between saturated fat intake with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

scholarly journals Pressure Drop in Tortuosity/Kinking of the Internal Carotid Artery: Simulation and Clinical Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Daming Wang ◽  
Shen Hu ◽  
Jiachun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Pressure Changes

Background. Whether carotid tortuosity/kinking of the internal carotid artery leads to cerebral ischemia remains unclear. There is very little research about the hemodynamic variation induced by carotid tortuosity/kinking in the literature. The objective of this study was to research the blood pressure changes induced by carotid tortuosity/kinking.Methods. We first created a geometric model of carotid tortuosity/kinking. Based on hemodynamic boundary conditions, the hemodynamics of carotid tortuosity and kinking were studied via a finite element simulation. Then, an in vitro system was built to validate the numerical simulation results. The mean arterial pressure changes before and after carotid kinking were measured using pressure sensors in 12 patients with carotid kinking.Results. Numerical simulation revealed that the pressure drops increased with increases in the kinking angles. Clinical tests and in vitro experiments confirmed the numerical simulation results.Conclusions. Carotid kinking leads to blood pressure reduction. In certain conditions, kinking may affect the cerebral blood supply and be associated with cerebral ischemia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document