Religiosity and Emotion Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1050-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allon Vishkin ◽  
Pazit Ben-Nun Bloom ◽  
Shalom H. Schwartz ◽  
Nevin Solak ◽  
Maya Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Regulation Strategies

People higher (vs. lower) in religiosity differ in the emotions they typically experience, but do they also differ in how they deal with their emotions? In this investigation, we systematically tested links between religiosity and elements of emotion regulation, including beliefs regarding the controllability of emotion, the motivation to feel better, and the tendency to use specific emotion regulation strategies (e.g., cognitive reappraisal, rumination, distraction). Participants were American Catholics, Israeli Jews, and Muslim Turks ( N = 616) who were stratified sampled based on level of religiosity. All eight preregistered hypotheses were confirmed, even after controlling for demographic variables. We found that people higher (vs. lower) in religiosity were more likely to use emotion regulation strategies that are typically linked to adaptive emotional outcomes (e.g., cognitive reappraisal, acceptance) and less likely to use emotion regulation strategies that are typically linked to less adaptive outcomes (e.g., rumination). These findings suggest that people higher (vs. lower) in religiosity may deal with their emotions in more adaptive ways.

One Size Does Not Fit All: Tailoring Cognitive Reappraisal to Different Emotions

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-484
Author(s):  
Allon Vishkin ◽  
Yossi Hasson ◽  
Yael Millgram ◽  
Maya Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Efficacy Study ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Emotion regulation strategies have been typically studied independently of the specific emotions people try to change by using them. However, to the extent that negative emotions are inherently different from one another, people may choose different means to change them. Focusing on fear and sadness, we first mapped emotion-related content to theoretically matched reappraisal tactics. We then tested how frequently people choose such reappraisal tactics when regulating fear and sadness (Studies 1, 2, and 4a). As predicted, people were most likely to select reappraisal tactics that targeted content that was particularly relevant to the specific emotion they tried to regulate. Next, we tested whether such choices were driven by differences in the efficacy (Study 3), perceived efficacy (Study 4b), and anticipated effort (Study 4c) of regulation. Our findings demonstrate that the means people select to regulate their emotions depend on which emotions they try to regulate.

Transdiagnostic perspective on psychological inflexibility and emotional dysregulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bruno Faustino
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Abstract Background: Psychological inflexibility and emotional dysregulation are a hallmark of psychopathology, being intrinsically embedded in emotional and personality disorders. However, the transdiagnostic mechanisms of psychological inflexibility and emotional dysregulation domains are still a matter of discussion. Aims: The present study aims to explore the relationships between cognitive fusion (as a measure of psychological inflexibility), emotion regulation strategies, such as cognitive reappraisal and emotional suppression and emotional dysregulation domains in two different samples. Method: In a cross-sectional design, 297 individuals were assessed with self-report measures and divided into non-clinical (n = 231) and clinical samples (n = 66), according to diagnosis. Results: Results showed that the degree of cognitive fusion was higher in the clinical sample. However, significant correlations between cognitive fusion, emotional regulation strategies and emotional dysregulation domains were found in the two samples. Cognitive reappraisal and emotional dysregulation domains predicted cognitive fusion and mediated the relationship between cognitive fusion and symptomatology in the two samples. Conclusions: Relationships between cognitive fusion and emotional dysregulation domains were found independent of diagnosis. The implementation of emotion regulation strategies may be related to individual differences. However, cognitive fusion, reappraisal and lack of strategies may be core transdiagnostic features in psychological inflexibility and emotion dysregulation.

scholarly journals Emotions as Context: Do the Naturalistic Effects of Emotion Regulation Strategies Depend on the Regulated Emotion?

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Southward ◽  
Jane E. Heiy ◽  
Jennifer S. Cheavens
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Other Blame ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Introduction: Researchers have examined how several contexts impact the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies. However, few have considered the emotion-to-be-regulated as a context of interest. Specific emotions are important contexts because they may require particular responses to internal and external stimuli for optimal regulation. Method: Ninety-two undergraduates completed 10 days of ecological momentary assessment, reporting their current mood, recent emotions, and emotion regulation strategies three times per day. Results: The frequency with which certain emotion regulation strategies were used (i.e., acceptance, positive refocusing, reappraisal, problem-solving, and other-blame) differed by the specific emotion experienced. Acceptance and positive refocusing were associated with better mood regardless of emotion, while substance use was associated with worse mood regardless of emotion. Reappraisal was associated with better mood in response to anger than anxiety or sadness, while emotional suppression and other-blame were associated with worse mood in response to anger. Discussion: These results suggest some emotion regulation strategies exhibit emotion-invariant effects while others depend on the emotion-to-be-regulated.

Emotions, Cognitions, and Well-Being

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Perrone-McGovern ◽  
Stephanie L. Simon-Dack ◽  
Kerry N. Beduna ◽  
Cady C. Williams ◽  
Aaron M. Esche
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Theoretical Conceptualization

In this study, we examined interrelationships among emotional overexcitability, perfectionism, emotion regulation, and subjective well-being. Dabrowski and Piechowski’s theoretical conceptualization of overexcitabilities and J. J. Gross and John’s constructs of emotion regulation strategies provided a framework to guide hypotheses in the present study. Participants were 191 adults who responded to surveys administered via online methodology. Multiple-regression analyses revealed that participants in the present study with higher emotional overexcitability had lower degrees of emotion regulation overall, whereas individuals reporting higher levels of adaptive perfectionism (strivers) had higher levels of emotion regulation. Furthermore, strivers and those who used cognitive reappraisal strategies for emotion regulation were linked to higher subjective well-being for participants in this study.

scholarly journals The role of emotion regulation in eating disorders: a network meta-analysis approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Leppanen ◽  
Dalia Brown ◽  
Hannah McLinden ◽  
Kate Tchanturia ◽  
Steven Williams
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Target Emotion ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Background: Previous theoretical models and reviews have documented a strong connection between emotion dysregulation eating disorder (ED) psychopathology among the general and clinical populations. The aim of this review was to build on this previous work by conducting a network meta-analysis to explore associations between specific emotion regulation strategies and ED psychopathology trans-diagnostically across the ED spectrum to identify areas of emotion dysregulation that have the strongest association with symptomatology.Methodology: A total of 105 studies were included in the meta-analysis and correlation coefficient representing the associations between specific emotion regulation strategies and ED symptomatology were extracted. We ran a Bayesian random effects network meta-analysis and the initial network was well connected with each emotion regulation strategy being linked to at least one other strategy. We also conducted a network meta-regression to explore whether between-study differences in body mass index (BMI), age, and whether the sample consisted of solely female participants explained any possible network inconsistency. Results: The network meta-analysis revealed that ruminations and non-acceptance of emotions were most closely associated with ED psychopathology. There was no significant network inconsistency but two comparisons approached significance and thus meta-regressions were conducted. The meta-regressions revealed a significant effect of BMI such that the associations between different emotion regulation strategies and ED symptomatology were weaker among those with low BMI. Discussion: The present findings build on previous work and highlight the role of rumination and difficulties with accepting emotions as key emotion regulation difficulties in EDs. Additionally, the finding that the associations were weaker among ED patients with low BMI may point towards a complex relationship between ED behaviours and emotion regulation. Taken together, our findings call for interventions that target emotion regulation, specifically rumination and difficulties accepting emotions, in the treatment of EDs.

scholarly journals Performance and belief-based emotion regulation capacity and tendency: Mapping links with cognitive flexibility and perceived stress

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao F Guassi Moreira ◽  
Razia Sahi ◽  
Emilia Ninova ◽  
Carolyn Parkinson ◽  
Jennifer A Silvers
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive reappraisal is among the most effective and well-studied emotion regulation strategies humans have at their disposal. Here, in 250 healthy adults across two preregistered studies, we examined whether reappraisal capacity (the ability to reappraise) and tendency (the propensity to reappraise) differentially relate to perceived stress. In Study 1, we also investigated whether cognitive flexibility, a skill hypothesized to support reappraisal, accounts for associations between reappraisal capacity and tendency, and perceived stress. Intriguingly, cognitive flexibility was unrelated to reappraisal and perceived stress. Both Studies 1 and 2 showed that reappraisal tendency was associated with perceived stress, whereas the relationship between reappraisal capacity and perceived stress was less robust. Further, Study 2 suggested that self-reported beliefs about one’s emotion regulation capacity and tendency were predictive of wellbeing, whereas no such associations were observed with performance-based assessments of capacity and tendency. That associations between reappraisal capacity and tendency and perceived stress were not accounted for by cognitive flexibility or working memory, core cognitive skills, alone, suggests that reappraisal’s links to wellbeing cannot be sufficiently explained by its underlying cognitive parts. Moreover, these data suggest that self-reported perceptions of reappraisal skills may be more predictive of wellbeing than actual reappraisal ability.

scholarly journals The “Thinking Threshold”: A therapeutic concept guided by emotion regulation flexibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Veilleux ◽  
Katherine C Hyde ◽  
Kaitlyn Chamberlain ◽  
Danielle Baker ◽  
regina schreiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Therapeutic Concept ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Cognitive reappraisal is an emotion regulation strategy with significant empirical support. However, it is also true that many people have difficultly using cognitive reappraisal—and any cognitive strategy that requires significant mental effort—while experiencing intense emotions. Per the tenants of emotion-regulation flexibility, we provide information on a therapeutic concept we call the “thinking threshold” which helps clients identify the level of emotional distress at which their thinking becomes impaired. When clients are above the “thinking threshold” they are guided to use behavioral and bodily-focused emotion regulation strategies, and to use cognitive reappraisal and problem solving when below the “thinking threshold.” In this paper, we outline the rationale for considering emotion-regulation flexibility with clients, identify why level of emotional intensity is an important context to consider when helping clients identify effective emotion regulation strategies, and review research supporting the notion that effortful cognitive strategies are less effective at high levels of emotional distress. We also describe how we teach clients to use the “thinking threshold” concept and provide a brief case study demonstrating the utility of the concept with a client. Finally, we review ways in which the “thinking threshold” could be tailored and adapted alongside acceptance-based approaches, and we describe future directions for both empirical examination of the “thinking threshold” as well as expansion within clinical practice.

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