Comparison of two injectable anaesthetic techniques on induction and subsequent anaesthesia in pigs

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110298
Author(s):  
Anneli Ryden ◽  
Sheila Fisichella ◽  
Gaetano Perchiazzi ◽  
Görel Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Free Induction

Pig experiments often require anaesthesia, and a rapid stress-free induction is desired. Induction drugs may alter the subsequent anaesthesia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare, in pigs, the effects of two different injectable anaesthetic techniques on the induction and on the physiological variables in a subsequent eight hours of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). Twelve domestic castrates (Swedish Landrace/Yorkshire) 27‒31 kg were used. The pigs were randomly assigned to different induction drug combinations of zolazepam–tiletamine and medetomidine intramuscularly (ZTMe) or midazolam, ketamine intramuscularly and fentanyl intravenously (MiKF). Time from injection to unconsciousness was recorded and the ease of endotracheal intubation assessed. The TIVA infusion rate was adjusted according to the response exhibited from the nociceptive stimulus delivered by mechanically clamping the dewclaw. The time from injection to unconsciousness was briefer and intubation was easier in the ZTMe group. Results from the recorded heart rate, cardiac index and arterial blood pressure variables were satisfactorily preserved and cardiovascular function was maintained in both groups. Shivering was not observed in the ZTMe group, but was observed in four of the pigs in the MiKF group. The requirement of TIVA was lower in the ZTMe group. In conclusion, ZTMe had better results than MiKF in areas such as shorter induction time, better intubation scoring results and less adjustment and amount of TIVA required up to six hours of anaesthesia. The results may have been due to a greater depth of anaesthesia achieved with the ZTMe combination at the dose used.

Comparison of Total Intravenous, Balanced Inhalational and Combined Intravenous-Inhalational Anaesthesia for Tympanoplasty, Septorhinoplasty and Adenotonsillectomy

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Van Den Berg ◽  
D. Savva ◽  
N. M. Honjol ◽  
N. V. Rama Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Haemodynamic Stability ◽  
Inhalational Anaesthetic ◽  
Inhalational Anaesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthetic ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

Two hundred and thirty-five consecutive Saudi patients aged between two and fifty-three years undergoing elective tympanoplasty (n = 32), septorhinoplasty (n = 68) or adenotonsillectomy (n=135) were studied. They were randomized to receive either a total intravenous anaesthetic (10 ears, 23 noses, 44 throats) consisting of propofol for induction of anaesthesia followed by a propofol infusion, a combined intravenous-inhalational anaesthetic (11 ears, 22 noses, 46 throats) consisting of the above with isoflurane in oxygen-enriched air, or a balanced inhalational anaesthetic (11 ears, 23 noses, 45 throats) consisting of thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia and oxygen in nitrous oxide with isoflurane for maintenance. During tympanoplasty, all three anaesthetic techniques produced stable heart rates and arterial pressures. During septorhinoplasty, blood pressure rose in patients who received total intravenous anaesthesia, while combined and balanced techniques produced haemodynamic stability. During adenotonsillectomy, total intravenous anaesthesia produced a rise in both heart rate and blood pressure, the combined technique produced a rise in heart rate alone while balanced anaesthesia produced haemodynamic stability. Postoperatively, vomiting, pain scores and analgesic requirements were similar following all three types of anaesthetic within each surgical site subgroup. Our findings support the choice of balanced inhalational anaesthesia for all three types of ENT surgery and, where cost and facilities permit, total intravenous anaesthesia for tympanoplasty and combined intravenous-inhalational anaesthesia for septorhinoplasty.

scholarly journals Balanced Total Intravenous Anaesthesia and Intraocular Pressure

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Norbury ◽  
A. D. Rocke ◽  
J. G. Brock-Utne ◽  
R. Mackenzie ◽  
N. Welsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Group I

Twenty patients, aged 21 to 48 years and rated ASA physical status I, were studied during ophthalmic surgery. Ten subjects (Group I) received thiopentone, halothane and nitrous oxide in oxygen, and ten (Group II) received total intravenous anaesthesia, using flunitrazepam and ketamine. Ventilation was controlled mechanically with the aid of a muscle relaxant. Both anaesthetic techniques caused a significant decrease in intraocular pressure. After an initial decline in systolic arterial pressure and an increase in heart rate, cardiovascular status was well maintained in the two series. Side effects were uncommon with both techniques. Balanced total intravenous anaesthesia with flunitrazepam, ketamine and relaxant appears to offer a safe alternative to conventional inhalation narcosis for intraocular surgery.

scholarly journals Analgesic Effect of Tramadol and Buprenorphin in Continuous Propofol Anaesthesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
I. Capík ◽  
O. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Tramadol Hydrochloride ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pain Reaction

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare in clinical patients the analgesic effect of the centrally acting analgesics tramadol and buprenorphine in continuous intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. Twenty dogs undergoing prophylactic dental treatment, aged 2−7 years, weighing 6−27 kg, were included in ASA I. and II. groups. Two groups of dogs received intravenous (IV) administration of tramadol hydrochloride (2 mg.kg−1) or buprenorphine hydrochloride (0.2 mg.kg−1) 30 minutes prior to sedation, provided by midazolam hydrochloride (0.3 mg.kg−1) and xylazine hydrochloride (0.5 mg.kg-1) IV. General anaesthesia was induced by propofol (2 mg.kg−1) and maintained by a 120 minutes propofol infusion (0.2 mg.kg−1min−1). Oscilometric arterial blood pressure (ABP) measured in mm Hg, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), SAT, body temperature (BT) and pain reaction elicited by haemostat forceps pressure at the digit were recorded in ten minute intervals. The tramadol group of dogs showed significantly better parameters of blood pressure (P < 0.001), lower tendency to bradycardia (P < 0.05), and better respiratory rate (P < 0.001) without negative influence to oxygen saturation. Statistically better analgesia was achieved in the tramadol group (P < 0.001). Tramadol, in comparison with buprenorphine provided significantly better results with respect to the degree of analgesia, as well as the tendency of complications arising during anaesthesia.

Assessing the eligibility of a non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement technique for application during total intravenous anaesthesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
Robert Huhle ◽  
Joachim Siegert ◽  
Fred Wonka ◽  
Christoph Schindler ◽  
Marcelo Gama de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pressure Changes

Abstract Objective: To assess the eligibility for replacement of invasive blood pressure as measured “within” the arterial vessel (IBP) with non-invasive continuous arterial blood pressure (cNIP) monitoring during total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), the ability of cNiP to track fast blood pressure changes needs to be quantified. A new method of statistical data analysis is developed for this purpose. Methods: In a pilot study on patients undergoing neurosurgical anaesthesia, mean arterial pressure MAPIBP measured with IBP was compared to MAPCNP measured by the CNAP Monitor 500 in ten patients (age: 63±13 a). Correlation analysis of changes of device differences ΔeMAP=ΔMAPCNP-ΔMAPIBP with changes of MAPIBP (ΔMAPIBP) during intervals of vasoactivity was conducted. An innovative technique, of linear trend analysis (LTA) applied to two signals, is described to perform this analysis without a priori knowledge of intervals of vasoactivity. Results: Analysis of ΔeMAP during vasoactivity revealed that ΔMAPCNP systematically underestimated ΔMAPIBP by 37%. This was confirmed in the complete data set using LTA technique showing a systematic, yet patient specific, underestimation in tracking ΔMAPIBP (16…120%). Conclusion: The proposed LTA technique is able to detect systematic errors in tracking short-term blood pressure changes otherwise masked by established analysis. LTA may thus be a useful tool to assess the eligibility of cNIP to replace IBP during TIVA.

Levels of Sustainable Aerobic Workload in Dialysis Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Capodaglio ◽  
G. Villa ◽  
D. Jurisic ◽  
A. Salvadeo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Starting Point

The aerobic performance of a heterogeneous group of 89 ambulatory medically stable patients on chronic hemodialysis was studied to define individual levels of the most acceptable metabolic workload. The patients performed a step test protocol (3 steps) with a cycle ergometer. Each step (25 Watt) lasted 6 min. Heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), blood pressure (BP) and subjective ratings of dyspnea (CRd) and fatigue (CRf) levels were monitored throughout the test. The test was continued to exhaustion or to values of systolic arterial blood pressure (SABP) >240 mmHg, heart rate (HR) ≥ 85% max, or ST changes in ECG. In eleven patients (12.5% of the whole group) the test was interrupted within the first two minutes of exercise. In the remaining 78 patients, the maximum workload sustained for at least 3 min (MSW) was 25 Watts for 43 (48.5%), 50 Watts for 27 (30%), and 75 Watts for 8 (9%) patients. Performance was affected in a statistically significant manner by the subjects’ anagraphic age, but not by their dialytic age, hemoglobin (Hb) level or weight. Individual levels of tolerable workload were estimated for 60% of the group from the stability of physiological variables during 3 min, and from subjective ratings at a “moderate” level. This level corresponded to an average of 3.5±0.9 METs, at 60% of the HRmax, with a mean BP of 167±21/98±14 mmHg. This could become a safe starting point for a program of physical retraining.

Compression Stocking Length Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Following Head-Up Tilt in Healthy Volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Tokumiya ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Yumiko Kohira ◽  
Tetsuro Katafuchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Length Effects

A Comparison of the Acute Haemodynamic Effects of Propranolol and Pindolol at Rest and during Supine Exercise in Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 465s-468s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Svendsen ◽  
J. E. Carlsen ◽  
O. Hartling ◽  
A. McNair ◽  
J. Trap-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Receptor Blocking ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Β Receptor

1. Dose-response curves for heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were obtained in 16 male patients after intravenous administration of three increasing doses of pindolol, propranolol or placebo. All patients had an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction 6–8 months earlier. 2. The dose-response curves were obtained at rest and during repeated bouts of supine bicycle exercise. The cumulative dose amounted to 0.024 mg/kg body weight for pindolol and to 0.192 mg/kg body weight for propranolol. 3. At rest propranolol significantly reduced heart rate and cardiac output by 12% and 15% respectively. Arterial mean blood pressure was reduced by 9.2 mmHg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly by 2 mmHg. Statistically significant changes in these variables were not seen after pindolol or placebo. 4. During exercise pindolol and propranolol both reduced cardiac output, heart rate and arterial blood pressure to the same extent. After propranolol mean pulmonary artery pressure was increased significantly by 3.6 mmHg. Pindolol and placebo did not change pulmonary artery pressure significantly. 5. The study suggests that pindolol may offer haemodynamic advantages over β-receptor-blocking agents without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity during low activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and may be preferable in situations where the β-receptor-blocking effect is required only during physical or psychic stress.

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