scholarly journals Predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in police personnel exposed to sexual trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 0032258X2110315
Author(s):  
Ruth Parkes ◽  
Nicola Graham-Kevan ◽  
Jo Bryce
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Negative Coping

This article presents findings from a survey which explored exposure to sexual offence material in Police personnel ( N = 384). Factor analysis determined that two types of coping strategies were employed: ‘detachment’ and ‘avoidance’, with a further factor regarding ‘negative coping beliefs’. Two types of adverse impact analogous to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were identified: ‘cognitive/affective changes’ and ‘increased suspicion/vigilance’. Multiple regression analysis found that avoidance-based coping strategies, holding negative beliefs about coping, being a parent, and having personally experienced sexual abuse were all predictive of increased levels of traumatic stress symptoms.

scholarly journals Differences in psychological effects in hospital doctors with and without post-traumatic stress disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Einav ◽  
Arieh Y. Shalev ◽  
Hadas Ofek ◽  
Sara Freedman ◽  
Idit Matot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Negative Coping

SummaryPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can reduce performance. The association between PTSD and other psychopathologies among hospital doctors was examined using self-report questionnaires during a wave of suicide bombing in Jerusalem. Thirty-three doctors with PTSD symptoms and 155 without were compared on coping, burnout and acceptance of treatment. Doctors with PTSD symptoms demonstrated significantly more anxiety, depression, negative coping strategies and burnout. Hospital doctors who develop PTSD symptoms suffer greater burnout and manifest negative coping strategies but are reluctant to receive treatment.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among Lithuanian Parents Raising Children with Cancer

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Irina Banienė ◽  
Nida Žemaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Stress Symptom ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background and objectives: The study aims to evaluate post-traumatic stress symptom expression among Lithuanian parents raising children with cancer, including social, demographic, and medical factors, and to determine their significance for the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in two major Lithuanian hospitals treating children with oncologic diseases. The cross-sectional study included 195 parents, out of which 151 were mothers (77.4%) and 44 were fathers (22.6%). Post-traumatic stress symptoms were assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. To collect the sociodemographic, childhood cancer, and treatment data, we developed a questionnaire that was completed by the parents. Main study results were obtained using multiple linear regression. Results: A total of 75.4% of parents caring for children with cancer had pronounced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The female gender (β = 0.83, p < 0.001) was associated with an increased manifestation of symptoms, whilst higher parental education (β = −0.21, p = 0.034) and the absence of relapse (β = −0.48, p < 0.001) of the child’s disease reduced post-traumatic stress symptom expression. Conclusions: Obtained results confirmed that experiencing a child’s cancer diagnosis and treatment is extremely stressful for many parents. This event may lead to impaired mental health and increased post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk; hence, it is necessary to provide better support and assistance to parents of children with cancer.

scholarly journals Direct and Inverse Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among School-Age Autistic Boys

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5285
Author(s):  
Vicki Bitsika ◽  
Christopher F. Sharpley
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Young People ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Young people with autism are often bullied at school, a potential direct correlate of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This may be compounded by their difficulties in social interaction. Alternately, some of these young people may develop ‘coping strategies’ against bullying that may have an inverse association with PTSD. As a vulnerable population for PTSD, a sample of 71 young males with autism were surveyed for their self-reported experiences of being bullied at school, their coping strategies for dealing with this bullying, and their own evaluations of the severity of two of the key diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Their mothers also provided a rating of the severity of the three major diagnostic criteria for autism for these boys. Over 80% of this sample had been bullied, and there was a significant direct correlation between this and PTSD score, and between their mother-rated severity of the boys’ social interaction difficulties, but also a significant inverse correlation between their coping strategies and PTSD score. There were differences in these relationships according to whether the boys attended elementary or secondary school. These findings hold implications for the identification, assessment and support of autistic youth at risk of PTSD.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological distress in Chinese youths following the COVID-19 emergency

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1164-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Liang ◽  
Tingting Gao ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Ruilin Cao ◽  
Zeying Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Negative Coping ◽  
Significant Discovery ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to explore the relationship between psychological distress and post-traumatic stress disorder among Chinese participants as the result of COVID-19 outbreak. This study was conducted within 1 month after COVID-19 appeared in China, it included 570 participants age from 14 to 35. The results indicated that 12.8% of all participants with the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and the effects of psychological distress on post-traumatic stress disorder was mediated by negative coping style. Gender moderated the direct effect between psychological distress and post-traumatic stress disorder, which is a significant discovery for relevant departments to take further measures.

scholarly journals Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder among UK Armed Forces personnel

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Iversen ◽  
N. T. Fear ◽  
A. Ehlers ◽  
J. Hacker Hughes ◽  
L. Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundThere is considerable interest in understanding further the factors that increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for military personnel. This study aimed to investigate the relative contribution of demographic variables; childhood adversity; the nature of exposure to traumatic events during deployment; appraisal of these experiences; and home-coming experiences in relation to the prevalence of PTSD ‘caseness’ as measured by a score of ⩾50 on the PTSD Checklist (PCL) in UK Armed Forces personnel who have been deployed in Iraq since 2003.MethodData were drawn from the first stage of a retrospective cohort study comparing UK military personnel who were deployed to the 2003 Iraq War with personnel serving in the UK Armed Forces on 31 March 2003 but who were not deployed to the initial phase of war fighting. Participants were randomly selected and invited to participate. The response rate was 61%. We have limited these analyses to 4762 regular service individuals who responded to the survey and who have been deployed in Iraq since 2003.ResultsPost-traumatic stress symptoms were associated with lower rank, being unmarried, having low educational attainment and a history of childhood adversity. Exposure to potentially traumatizing events, in particular being deployed to a ‘forward’ area in close contact with the enemy, was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms. Appraisals of the experience as involving threat to one's own life and a perception that work in theatre was above an individual's trade and experience were strongly associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms. Low morale and poor social support within the unit and non-receipt of a home-coming brief (psycho-education) were associated with greater risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms.ConclusionsPersonal appraisal of threat to life during the trauma emerged as the most important predictor of post-traumatic stress symptoms. These results also raise the possibility that there are important modifiable occupational factors such as unit morale, leadership, preparing combatants for their role in theatre which may influence an individual's risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Therefore interventions focused on systematic preparation of personnel for the extreme stress of combat may help to lessen the psychological impact of deployment.

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